Kuongorora uye kugadzirisa kwemapuranga emota

Muchinyorwa chino, isu tichanyatso tarisisa sarudzo dzekuongorora uye kugadzirisa mapuranga emotokari yemumugwagwa, kunyanya, sarudzo dzekugadzirisa mafuremu uye kutsiva zvikamu zvefuremu. Isu tichafunga zvakare mafuremu emudhudhudhu - mukana wekutarisa zviyero uye nzira dzekugadzirisa, pamwe nekugadzirisa zvimiro zvinotsigira zvemotokari dzemumugwagwa.

Mune dzinenge dzese njodzi dzemumugwagwa, isu takatarisana nekukuvara kwemuviri. mugwagwa wemotokari mafuremu. Nekudaro, mune dzakawanda zviitiko, kukuvara kune iyo furemu yemotokari kunoitikawo nekuda kwekusashanda zvakanaka kwemotokari (semuenzaniso, kutanga iyo unit ine yakatenderera inotenderera terekta uye kumisidzana panguva imwe chete kwetirakita furemu uye semi-tirera nekuda kwekusaenzana Nzvimbo).

Mapurisa emumugwagwa

Mafuremu emota dzemumigwagwa ndiwo chikamu chavo chekutsigira, iro basa nderekubatanidza nekuchengetedza munzvimbo inodiwa yehukama hwezvimwe zvikamu zvekutakura uye zvimwe zvikamu zvemotokari. Izwi rekuti "mafuremu emota dzemumigwagwa" parizvino rinowanzo kuwanikwa mumotokari dzine chassis ine furemu, iyo inonyanya kumiririra boka remarori, semi-trailers nematrailer, mabhazi, pamwe neboka remuchina wekurima (unobatanidza, matarakita) , pamwe nedzimwe mota dzemumugwagwa. midziyo yemumigwagwa (Mercedes-Benz G-Kirasi, Toyota Land Cruiser, Land Rover Defender). Iyo furemu inowanzo kuve nemapepa esimbi (kunyanya U-- kana ini-ndakaumbwa uye ine jira ukobvu ingangoita 5-8 mm), yakabatana ne welds kana rivets, pamwe neinobvira sikuru yekubatanidza.

Iwo makuru mabasa emafuremu:

• chinjana kutyaira mauto uye braking mauto kuenda uye kubva kuendesa,
• chengetedza axles,
• kutakura muviri uye kutakura uye kuendesa huremu hwavo kune axle (simba basa),
• gonesa chinzvimbo chemagetsi,
• chengetedza kuchengetedzeka kwevashandi vemota (passive chengetedzo chinhu).

Chimiro zvinodiwa:

• kuomarara, kusimba uye kushanduka (kunyanya zvine chekuita nekukotama uye kushushikana), hupenyu hwekuneta,
• uremu hushoma,
• isina kupokana zvine chekuita nezvinhu zvemotokari,
• hupenyu hurefu hwebasa (ngura kuramba).

Kuparadzaniswa kwemafuremu zvinoenderana nesisitimu yekugadzira kwavo:

• Ribbed furemu: inoumbwa nematanda marefu ekureba akasunganidzwa nematanda akapindirana, iwo matanda ekureba anogona kuumbwa kubvumidza matemo kutumbuka,

Rumbabvu furemu

• diagonal furemu: inoumbwa nematanda marefu ekureba akasunganidzwa nematanda akachinjika, pakati pechimiro pane peya yematanho anowedzera kuomarara kwechimiro,

 

Diagonal furemu

• Crossframe "X": inoumbwa nenhengo mbiri dzemativi dzinobatana pakati, nhengo dzemuchinjikwa dzinobuda kubva kunhengo dzedivi kuenda kumativi,

Muchinjikwa furemu

• rear frame: inoshandisa tube yekutsigira uye oscillating axles (pendulum axles), muvambi Hans Ledwinka, mutungamiriri wenyanzvi weTatra; furemu iyi yakatanga kushandiswa pamotokari inotakura vanhu Tatra 11; inoratidzirwa nesimba rakawanda, kunyanya simba rekurovera, saka inonyanya kukodzera mota dzine chinangwa chekutyaira kunze kwemugwagwa; haibvumire kuchinjika kuisirwa injini uye zvikamu zvekutumira, izvo zvinowedzera ruzha rwunokonzerwa nekudengenyeka kwavo,

Shure furemu

• furemu hombe

Shure furemu

• puratifomu puratifomu: urwu rudzi rwechimiro shanduko pakati pemuviri unozvitsigira pamwe nefuremu

Chimiro chepuratifomu

• lattice furemu: Ichi chidhindo chemashizha simbi yemaresi anowanikwa mune mamwe mazuva ano mabhazi.

Lattice furemu

• furemu yebhazi (nzvimbo furemu): inoumbwa nemapuratifomu maviri emakona akaiswa pamusoro peimwe, akabatana neakakamurwa zvikamu.

Bhazi furemu

Sekureva kwevamwe, izwi rekuti "mugwagwa wemotokari yemumugwagwa" rinorevawo chimiro chega chega chemotokari yemutakurwi, inozadzisa basa rehurongwa hunotsigira. Izvi zvinowanzoitwa nesimbi yekunamatira uye mapepa esimbi profiles. Mota dzekutanga dzekugadzira dzakazvitsigira dzese-simbi miviri yaive Citroën Traction Avant (1934) uye Opel Olympia (1935).

Izvo zvakakosha zvidanho inzvimbo dzakachengeteka deformation yepamberi uye neshure zvikamu zvefuremu uye nemuviri wese. Kuomarara kwechimiro kwakarongedzwa kunofanirwa kutora simba rekukanganisa zvakanyanya sezvazvinogona, kuribata nekuda kweshanduko yaro, nekudaro kunonoka kushanduka kwemukati pachawo. Pane zvinopesana, zvakaomarara sezvinobvira kuitira kuchengetedza vafambi uye kufambisa kununura kwavo mushure metsaona yemumugwagwa. Rigidity zvinodiwa zvakare zvinosanganisira divi kusagadzikana kuramba. Iwo marefu matanda mumuviri akaverengedza zororo kana akakombama kuitira kuti mushure mekukanganisa ivo varemara munzira kwayo uye munzira kwayo. Muviri unozvitsigira unobvumidza kudzikisira huremu hwese hwemotokari kusvika pa10%. Nekudaro, zvinoenderana nemamiriro azvino ehupfumi mune ino musika chikamu, mukuita, kugadziridzwa kwemapuranga emarori kunoitwa, mutengo wekutenga uyo wakanyanya kukwirisa kupfuura uya wemotokari, uye vatengi varikugara vachishandisa pakutengesa (kutakura) zviitiko. ...

Kana zvikaitika kukuvadzwa kwakakomba kumotokari dzevanofamba, makambani avo einishuwarenzi anoaisa seakakuvara zvachose saka kazhinji haatendeuke kugadzirisa. Aya mamiriro akanganisa zvakakomba pakutengesa kwevatsva vemotokari vanoenzanisa, izvo zvakaona kuderera kukuru mumakore apfuura.

Mapuremu emidhudhudhu anowanzo welded kune tubular profiles, ine kumberi nekumashure maforogo achiiswa pivotally akaiswa pafuremu inogadzirwa. Dhonza gadzira zvinoenderana. Kutsiva zvikamu zvemudhudhudhu zvinowanzoodzwa moyo zvakanyanya nevatengesi nenzvimbo dzekushandira dzerudzi urwu rwezvigadzirwa nekuda kwenjodzi dzinogona kuchengetedzwa kune vanofamba nemidhudhudhu. Muzviitiko izvi, mushure mekuongorora furemu uye kuona kutadza kushanda, zvinokurudzirwa kutsiva iyo mudhudhudhu furemu neimwe nyowani.

Nekudaro, akasiyana masisitimu anoshandiswa kuongorora uye kugadzirisa mafuremu ematiraki, mota nemidhudhudhu, iyo pfupiso yeiyo inopihwa pazasi.

Kuongororwa kwemapuranga emota

Kuongorora kukuvara uye kuyera

Mune tsaona dzemumigwagwa, furemu uye nhengo dzemuviri dzinoiswa pasi pemhando dzakasiyana dzemitoro (semuenzaniso kumanikidza, kunetsekana, kukotama, torsion, strut), zvichiteerana. mubatanidzwa wavo.

Zvichienderana nerudzi rwekukanganisa, zvinotevera deformations yeiyo furemu, pasi furemu kana muviri zvinogona kuitika:

• Kudonha kwechikamu chepakati cheiyo furemu (semuenzaniso, mukurovera-musoro kana kurovera neshure kwemotokari),

Kukundikana kwechikamu chepakati chefuremu

• kusundira furemu kumusoro (ine pamberi peiyo kukanganiswa),

Simudza furemu kumusoro

• lateral kusimuka (padivi kukanganisa)

Kufamba kwekupedzisira

• kumonyanisa (semuenzaniso, kumonyanisa mota)

Kumonyanisa

Kuwedzera, kutsemuka kana kutsemuka kunogona kuoneka pane furemu zvinhu. Nezve iyo chaiyo yekutarisa kwekukuvara, zvinodikanwa kuti uongorore nekutarisa kunoonekwa uye, zvichienderana nekukura kwetsaona, zvakare zvinodiwa kuyera furemu yemota nenzira. muviri wake.

Kudzora kwekuona

Izvi zvinosanganisira kuona kukuvara kwakakonzerwa kuona kuti mota inoda kuyerwa here uye kuti ndezvipi zvinoda kugadziriswa. Zvichienderana nekukura kwetsaona, mota inoongororwa kukuvara kubva kwakasiyana maonero.

1. Kukuvara kwekunze.

Paunenge uchiongorora mota, zvinotevera zvinhu zvinofanirwa kuongororwa:

• kukuvara kwekukuvara,
• kukura kwemajoini (semuenzaniso, mumikova, mabhomba, bhoneti, mupanda wemitoro, nezvimwewo) izvo zvinogona kuratidza kushanduka kwemuviri uye, nekudaro, zviyero zvakakosha,
• kushomeka kudiki
• kukuvara kwegirazi, pendi, kutsemuka, kukuvara kumicheto.

2. Kukuvadza kune furemu yepasi.

Kana iwe ukaona chero kupwanya, kutsemura, kumonyanisa, kana kunze-kwe-symmetry kana uchiongorora mota, chiyera mota.

3. Kukuvara kwemukati.

• kutsemuka, kutsvinya (nekuda kweizvi zvinowanzo fanirwa kubvisa iyo lining),
• kudzikisira chigaro chemberi pretensioner,
• kutumirwa kwemaairbags,
• kukuvara kwemoto,
• kusvibiswa.

3. Kukuvara kwechipiri

Paunenge uchiongorora kukuvara kwechipiri, zvinodikanwa kuti utarise kana paine zvimwe, zvimwe zvikamu zvefuremu, acc. bodywork senge injini, kutapurirana, ekisero inokwira, mudhiraivho uye zvimwe zvakakosha zvikamu zvemotokari chassis.

Kusarudza kurongeka kwekugadzirisa

Iko kukuvara kwakatemwa panguva yekutarisa kunoonekwa kwakanyorwa pane iyo data pepa uye ipapo gadziriso inodiwa inogadziriswa (semuenzaniso kutsiva, chikamu kugadzirisa, chikamu chinotsiva, kuyera, kupenda, nezvimwewo). Ruzivo irworwo runogadziriswa nehurongwa hwekomputa yekuverenga kuti uone chiyero chemutengo wekugadzirisa kune iyo nguva kukosha kwemotokari. Nekudaro, nzira iyi inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzirisa kwemafireni emota akareruka, sezvo kugadziriswa kwemapuranga emarori kwakanyanya kuoma kuongorora kubva pakuenderana.

Chimiro / muviri kuongororwa

Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uone kana kukanganisa kwekutakura kwaitika, acc. furemu yepasi. Kuyera mapurojekiti, ekumisikidza zvishandiso (zvemagetsi, zvemagetsi kana zvemagetsi) uye masystem ekuyera anoshanda senzira yekuita zviyero. Chinhu chakakosha iwo matafura ehuremu kana mashizha ekuyera emugadziri wemhando yakapihwa mota.

Rori diagnostics (furemu kuyerwa)

Marori geometry diagnostics masisitimu TruckCam, Celette neBlackhawk anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukudzidzira kukundikana (kutama) kwemafuremu ekutsigira matori.

1. TruckCam system (yekutanga vhezheni).

Iyo sisitimu yakagadzirirwa kuyera uye kugadzirisa iyo geometry yemavhiri erori. Nekudaro, zvakare zvinokwanisika kuyera kutenderera uye kurerekera kweiyo furemu yemotokari inoenderana nereferenzi hunhu hunotsanangurwa nemugadziri wemotokari, pamwe nechigunwe chega chega-chega, kubviswa kwevhiri uye kurereka nekurerekera padanho rinotungamira. Inosanganisira kamera ine transmitter (yakakwenenzverwa nekwanisi kutenderera pamavhiri emadhisiki uchishandisa matatu-ruoko zvigadzirwa zvine zvinodzokororwa centering), chiteshi chemakomputa chine chirongwa chakakodzera, inotepfenyura redhiyo unit uye yakakosha yekuzvifunga-inofungidzira inonongedza vanonongedza izvo yakasungirirwa padanda remotokari.

TruckCam Kuyera System Zvikamu

Kuzviona-wega mudziyo wekutarisa

Kana iro infrared danda remutepfenyuro rova ​​rakanangidzirwa rinotarisa rinotariswa tarisiro iri kumagumo kweayo anozvifunga-wega inobata, inoratidzwa kumashure kune iyo kamera lens. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mufananidzo wechinangwa chakanangidzirwa unoratidzwa pane yakasviba kumashure. Mufananidzo wacho unoongororwa ne microprocessor yekamera uye wotumira ruzivo kukombuta, iyo inopedzisa kuverenga kwakavakirwa pamakona matatu alpha, beta, deflection angle uye chinhambwe kubva pane chakanangwa.

Nzira yekuyera:

• inozvifunga-inofungidzira inonongedza vabati yakanamatira kune iyo furemu yemotokari (kumberi kwechimiro chemotokari)
• chirongwa ichi chinoona mhando yemotokari uye chinopinda mukati memutengo wemotokari (kumberi furemu upamhi, kumashure upamhi upamhi, kureba kwekuzvidzora-kugadzirira kuratidza ndiro.
• nerubatsiro rweye-lever simbi ine mukana wekudzokorora centering, makamera akaiswa pamarimu emota
• dhata yedata inoverengwa
• vanozvimiririra-vanofungidzira vanobata vanoenda pakati nepakati pemotokari furemu
• dhata yedata inoverengwa
• vanozvimiririra-vanozviratidzira vanobata vanoenda kumberi kweiyo mota furemu
• dhata yedata inoverengwa
• chirongwa ichi chinogadzira dhirowa inoratidza kutsauka kweiyo furemu kubva pane zvirevo mumamilimita (shiviriro 5 mm)

Iko kusagadzikana kweiyi sisitimu ndeyekuti iyo yekutanga vhezheni yesystem haina kuenderera ichiongorora kutsauka kubva kune zvinongedzo zvirevo, uye nekudaro, panguva yekugadzirisa, mushandi haazive kune chakakosheswa kukosha mumamilimita mamirimita emafreyimu akagadziridzwa. Mushure mekunge furemu yatambanudzwa, iyo saizi inofanirwa kudzokororwa. Nekudaro, iyi sisitimu inofungidzirwa nevamwe kuve inokodzera kugadzirisa vhiri geometry uye isinganyanyo kukodzera kugadzirisa maforamu emarori.

2. Celette system kubva kuBlackhawk

Iwo maCelette neBlackhawk masisitimu anoshanda pachisungo chakafanana chaizvo neTruckCam system inotsanangurwa pamusoro.

Celette's Bette system ine laser transmitter pachinzvimbo chekhamera, uye mamirimita-zviyero zvinangwa zvinoratidza furemu kubviswa kubva kunongedzo yakaiswa pane vanozvikomberedza mabhureki panzvimbo peanoratidza zvinangwa. Kubatsira kwekushandisa iyi nzira yekuyera kana uchiongorora furemu kushambadza ndeyekuti mushandi anogona kuona panguva yekugadzirisa kune kukosha kwakadii zviyero zvakagadziridzwa.

MuBlackhawk system, yakasarudzika laser yekuona mudziyo inoyera chinzvimbo chepasi chekisi maererano nechinzvimbo chemavhiri ekumashure anoenderana nefuremu. Kana isingaenderane, unofanirwa kuiisa. Iwe unogona kuona kukanganisa kwemavhiri ekurudyi nekuruboshwe zvine chekuita nefuremu, izvo zvinokutendera kuti usarudze zvakanakira ekisero uye kukanganisa kwemavhiri ayo. Kana kukanganisa kana kukanganisa kwemavhiri kuchichinja pane axle axle, saka zvimwe zvikamu zvinofanirwa kuchinjwa. Kana zviyero zveaekisero uye nzvimbo dzemavhiri zviri zvechokwadi, aya ndiwo maitiro akasarudzika angatariswe chero nekushomeka kwemafuremu. Inogona kuve yemhando nhatu: deformation pane sikuruu, kusuduruka kwematanda ematanda munzira yekureba uye kukanganisa kweiyo furemu mune yakatwasuka kana yakatwasuka ndege. Izvo zvinokosheswa hunhu hunowanikwa kubva pakuongorora zvakaiswa mukati, uko kutsauka kubva kune chaiyo tsika kunoonekwa. Sekureva kwavo, maitiro ekubhadhara uye dhizaini zvichagadziriswa, nerubatsiro rwekuti izvo zvirevo zvigadziriswe. Kugadzirira uku kunowanzo tora zuva rese.

Blackhawk Target

Laser Beam Rinofambisa

Kuongorora mota

XNUMXD furemu / saizi yemuviri

Ine XNUMXD furemu / kuyerwa kwemuviri, hurefu chete, hupamhi uye symmetry zvinogona kuyerwa. Hazvina kukodzera kuyera zvimiro zvemuviri zvekunze.

Floor furemu ine kuyerwa kudzora mapoinzi eXNUMXD kuyera

Point sensor

Iyo inogona kushandiswa kutsanangura kureba, upamhi, uye diagonal zviyero. Kana, kana uchiyera diagonal kubva kurudyi kumberi axle kuturika kuenda kuruboshwe kumashure ekisero, iyo yemhando yekutsauka inowanikwa, izvi zvinogona kuratidza yakakomberedzwa pasi furemu.

Centering mumiriri

Inowanzo kuve nematanda matatu ekuyera anoiswa panzvimbo dzakatarwa dzekuyera pafuremu repasi. Kune zvirinani pini pamatanda ekuyeresa aunogona kunongedza. Mafuremu ekutsigira uye mafuremu epasi akakodzera kana iwo mapini ekuvavarira anofukidza hurefu hwese hwechimiro kana uchivavarira.

Centering mumiriri

Uchishandisa mudziyo wekumisikidza

Kuyera kwemuviri weXNUMXD

Uchishandisa matatu-mativi ezviyero zvemapoinzi emuviri, anokwanisa kutemerwa (kuyerwa) mumatanho ekureba, akatenderera uye akatwasuka. Inokodzera zviyero zvechokwadi zvemuviri

XNUMXD kuyera musimboti

Tafura inosimudza neyakaenzana system yekuyera

Mune ino kesi, mota yakakuvadzwa inochengetedzwa kune yekumisikidza tafura nemitumbi yemuviri. Mune ramangwana, zambuko rekuyera rakaiswa pasi pemotokari, nepo zvichidikanwa kuti usarudze matatu asina kukanganisika ekuyera mapoinzi, maviri acho akafanana nehurefu hwenzvimbo yemotokari. Nzvimbo yechitatu yekuyera inofanirwa kuve iri kure kure sezvinobvira. Ngoro yekuyera inoiswa pazambuko rekuyera, iro rinogona kunyatso gadziridzwa kune epamoyo ega uye zviyero zvehurefu uye zvinopindirana zvinogona kutemwa. Gedhi rega rega rekuyera rakagadzirirwa materesikopu dzimba pamwe nechikwiriso kunoiswa matipi ekuyera. Nekutambanudza matipi ekuyera, inotsvedza inoenda kunzvimbo dzakayerwa dzomuviri kuitira kuti kuyerwa kwepamusoro kukwanise kugadziriswa nenzira kwayo.

Yakatwasuka tafura ine meya yekuyera system

Optical yekuyera system

Zvekuyera muviri zviyero uchishandisa mwenje matanda, iyo yekuyera system inofanirwa kuve iri kunze kweiyo base furemu yetafura yekuenzanisa. Chiyero icho chinogona zvakare kutorwa pasina iyo yekumira yakamira rutsigiro furemu, kana mota iri pachigadziko kana kana yakasungwa kumusoro. Kuyera, matanda maviri ekuyeresa anoshandiswa, ari pamakona akakomberedza mota. Izvo zvine laser unit, danda rinotsemura uye akati wandei prismatic zvikamu. Iyo laser unit inogadzira danda remwaranzi iro rinofamba rakafanana uye rinoonekwa chete kana rikabatirana nechipingamupinyi. Iyo danda rinotsemura rinodzora iyo laser danda yakanangana neiyo pfupi yekuyera njanji uye panguva imwechete inoibvumira kuti iende munzira yakatwasuka. Iyo prism inovhara inodzora iyo laser danda zvakaringana pasi pemotokari pasi.

Optical yekuyera system

Angangoita matatu asina kuenzana ekuyera mapoinzi padzimba anofanirwa kusungirirwa nevatongi veplastiki vari pachena uye agadziriswe zvinoenderana neyekupima pepa zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvinoenderana zvinobatana. Mushure mekubatidza laser unit, chinzvimbo cheyera yekuyera chinoshanduka kudzamara iro danda remwenje rarova nzvimbo yakatarwa yevatongi vekuyera, iyo inogona kuzivikanwa nechuru tsvuku pamatare ekuyera. Izvi zvinoona kuti danda remalaser rakaenzana nepasi pemotokari. Kuti uone kukura kwekuwedzera kwemuviri, zvakakosha kuisa mamwe maremera ekuyera panzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekuyera pazasi pemotokari. Nekudaro, nekufambisa zvinhu zveprismatic, zvinokwanisika kuti uverenge urefu hwehurefu pamatare ekuyera uye urefu hwehurefu pane rails yekuyera. Ivo vanobva vafananidzwa neyekuyera jira.

Yemagetsi kuyera system

Muchirongwa ichi chekuyera, zviyero zvakakodzera zvekuyera pamuviri zvinosarudzwa neruoko rwekupimha unofamba paruoko (kana kuti tsvimbo) uye une mupiro wakaringana wekuyera. Nzvimbo chaiyo yemapoinzi ekuyera inoverengwa nekombuta muchanza chekuyera uye zviyero zvakayerwa zvinopfuudzwa kukomputa yekuyera neredhiyo. Imwe yevanogadzira mhando dzerudzi urwu rwechigadzirwa ndiCelette, iyo-mativi matatu ekuyera system inonzi NAJA 3.

Telemetry yemagetsi yekuyera system inodzorwa neCelette NAJA komputa yekutarisa mota

Maitiro ekuyera: Mota inoiswa pachigadziko uye inosimudzwa kuitira kuti mavhiri ayo asabatike pasi. Kuti uone chinzvimbo chakakosha chemotokari, iyo probe inotanga kusarudza matatu asina kukuvara mumuviri uyezve probe inoiswa kunzvimbo dzekuyera. Izvo zviyero zvakayerwa zvinobva zvaenzaniswa nehunhu hwakachengetwa mukomputa yekuyera. Paunenge uchitarisa kutenderera kwekutendeuka, meseji yekukanganisa kana otomatiki yekupinda (rekodhi) muyero protocol inotevera. Iyo sisitimu inogona zvakare kushandiswa kugadzirisa (kudhonza) mota kuitira kuti ugare uchiongorora chinzvimbo chechinongedzo mune x, y, z kutungamira, uyezve panguva yekudzokororazve kwemuviri muviri zvikamu.

Zvimiro zveyese kuyera masystem:

• zvinoenderana nesystem yekuyera, pane yakakosha yekuyera sheet ine yakatarwa yekuyera poindi yega yega uye mhando yemota,
• kuyera matipi kunochinjika, zvinoenderana nechimiro chinodiwa,
• pfungwa dzemuviri dzinogona kuyerwa neyuniti yakaiswa kana kukatanurwa,
• girazi rakanamirwa remotokari (kunyange rakatsemuka) harifanirwe kubviswa usati wayera muviri, sezvo ivo vachipinza kusvika pamakumi matatu muzana emasimba anomonyanisa emuviri,
• kuyera masisitimu haakwanise kutsigira huremu hwemotokari uye haigone kuongorora masimba panguva yekudzoka kumashure,
• mukuyera masisitimu uchishandisa laser matanda, dzivisa kusangana kune iyo laser danda,
• masystem epasirese kuyera anoshanda semidziyo yemakomputa ine yavo yekuongorora software.

Kuongororwa kwemidhudhudhu

Kana uchitarisa kukura kweiyo mudhudhudhu ficha mukuita, iyo max system kubva kuScheibner Messtechnik inoshandiswa, iyo inoshandisa michina yekuwongorora kuongorora pamwe chete nechirongwa chekuverenga chinzvimbo chakaringana chemapoinzi emunhu purojekiti yemudhudhudhu.

Scheibner yekuongorora michina

Chimiro / kugadzirisa muviri

Rori furemu kugadzirisa

Parizvino, mukugadzirisa maitiro, BPL frame kururamisa masisitimu kubva kuFrench kambani Celette uye Power cage kubva kuAmerican kambani Blackhawk inoshandiswa. Aya masisitimu akagadzirirwa kuenzana marudzi ese e deformation, nepo kuvakwa kwema conductor hakudi kubviswa kwakazara kwemafuremu. Chakanakira kuisirwa mbozha kwetowing towing kune mamwe marudzi emota. Yakananga ma hydraulic motors ane push / kudhonza simba rinopfuura 20 matani anoshandiswa kugadzirisa zviyero zvefuremu (push / dhonza). Nenzira iyi zvinogoneka kuwiriranisa mafuremu neyakagadzika ingangoita 1 mita. Kugadziriswa kwemotokari yemotokari uchishandisa kupisa pamativi akaremara hazvikurudzirwe kana kurambidzwa zvichienderana nemirairo yemugadziri.

Yakatwasanudza system BPL (Celette)

Chinhu chekutanga cheiyo yekumisikidza sisitimu yesimbi kongiri, yakasungirirwa nezvibatiso.

Kuona kweiyo BPL yekumisikidza chikuva

Yakakura simbi rungs (shongwe) inobvumira mafuremu kuti asundidzirwe uye kudhonzwa pasina kupisa, iwo anofambika akaiswa pamavhiri anotambanudza kana ruoko ruchidhonza lever inofamba, simudza bhaa uye inogona kutamiswa. Mushure mekusunungura lever, mavhiri anoiswa mukati mechimiro cheiyo yekuyambuka (shongwe), uye nzvimbo yayo yese inogara pasi, painogadziriswa kune iyo kongiri mamiriro uchishandisa machira ekuumbirisa ane simbi wedges.

Famba nemuenzaniso wekusimbisa kune hwaro hwaro

Zvisinei, hazviwanzo kugoneka kutwasanura furemu yemota pasina kuibvisa. Izvi zvinoitika zvichienderana nekuti furemu inoda kutsigirwa panguva ipi, zvichiteerana. kunongedzera kupi Push. Pakutwasanura furemu (semuenzaniso pazasi) zvakakosha kushandisa spacer bar inoenderana pakati pematanda maviri epuranga.

Kukuvadza kune kumashure kweiyo furemu

Kugadziriswa kweiyo furemu mushure mekuparadzanisa zvikamu

Mushure mekumisikidza, semhedzisiro yekushandurwa kwechinhu, kuwonekera kwenzvimbo dzemapepa emaficha kunoonekwa, kunogona kubviswa uchishandisa hydraulic jig.

Kugadzirisa zvimiro zvemuno zvefuremu

Kugadziridza makabheji nemaCelette masisitimu

Kana zvichidikanwa kuti uenzanise matumba emarori, oparesheni iyi inogona kuitwa uchishandisa:

• iyo sisitimu inotsanangurwa pamusoro ichishandisa ekurwadzisa michina (inoyambuka) kubva pamamita matatu kusvika mana pasina kukosha kwekukatanura,

Mufananidzo wekushandiswa kweshongwe refu yekumisikidza makabati

•  nerubatsiro rweyakakosha kugadzirisa bhenji Celette Menyr 3 ine mbiri-metres shongwe mbiri (yakazvimirira yepasi furemu); shongwe dzinogona kubviswa uye kushandiswa kukwevera matenga emabhazi zvakare pane yepasi furemu,

Sachigaro chakatsenhama pamakamuri

Simba cage straightening system (Blackhawk)

Chigadzirwa chakasiyana neCelette leveling system, kunyanya, mune iyo inotsigira furemu ine hombe matanda 18 metres kureba, uko iyo mota yakadonha ichavakwa. Chigadzirwa chakakodzera mota refu, semi-mataera, vanocheka, mabhazi, cranes uye zvimwe zvimiro.

Iyo tensile uye inomanikidza simba yematani makumi maviri kana kupfuura panguva yekuyera inopihwa nemagetsi epombi. Iyo Blackhawk ine akati wandei akasiyana Push uye dhonza zvinonamira. Shongwe dzechigadzirwa dzinogona kufambiswa munzira yekureba uye ma hydraulic cylinders anogona kuiswa pavari. Simba ravo rekudhonza rinotapurirana nemaketeni akasimba ekusimudza. Iyo yekugadzirisa maitiro inoda yakawanda ruzivo uye ruzivo rwekunetseka uye matambudziko. Kupisa muripo hakumboshandiswi, sezvo kuchikanganisa mamiriro echinhu. Mugadziri wechigadzirwa ichi anorambidza izvi pachena. Kugadziriswa kwemafuremu akaremara asina kubvarura mativi emota uye zvikamu pachigadzirwa ichi zvinotora mazuva anenge matatu. Muzviitiko zviri nyore, inogona kumiswa munguva ipfupi. Kana zvichidikanwa, shandisa madhiraivha epulley anowedzera tensile kana simba rekumanikidza kusvika kumatoni makumi mana. Chero zviyero zvidiki zvekusaenzana zvinofanirwa kugadziriswa nenzira imwecheteyo seCelette BPL system.

Rovnation Blackhawk Chiteshi

Pane ino chiteshi chekugadzirisa, unogona zvakare kugadzirisa masystem zvivakwa, semuenzaniso, pamabhazi.

Kutwasanudza iyo superstructure yebhazi

Kugadziriswa kwemafuremu emarori ane akapisa akaremara zvikamu - kutsiva kwemafuremu zvikamu

Mumamiriro ezvinhu emasevhisi anotenderwa, kushandiswa kwekupisa zvakaremara zvikamu kana uchigadzirisa mafuremu emotokari anoshandiswa chete kune zvakashomeka padanho, zvichibva pane zvinokurudzirwa nevagadziri vemotokari. Kana kupisa kwakadai kuchiitika, saka, kunyanya, kupisa induction kunoshandiswa. Kubatsira kweiyi nzira pamusoro pekupisa moto ndiko kuti panzvimbo yekudziya pamusoro, zvinokwanisika kupisa nzvimbo yakakuvara zvine musoro. Nenzira iyi, kukuvara uye kuputswa kwemagetsi kuiswa uye mapurasitiki emhepo wiring hazviitike. Nekudaro, pane njodzi yekushandurwa muchimiro chechinhu ichocho, iko kuomesa zviyo, kunyanya nekuda kwekudziya zvisirizvo kana paine mhosho yemishini.

Induction Kuchenesa mudziyo Alesco 3000 (simba 12 kW)

Kudzoreredzwa kwemafuremu zvikamu zvinowanzoitwa mumamiriro e "garaji" masevhisi, zvichiteerana. kana vachigadzira mafuremu emota, anoitwa ega. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutsiva akaremara mafuremu zvikamu (kuzvicheka) uye nekuzvitsiva nezvikamu zvefuremu zvakatorwa kubva kune imwe mota isina kukuvara. Munguva yekugadzirisa uku, hanya inofanirwa kutorwa kuisa uye kusimbisa chikamu chemafuremu kune iyo yekutanga furemu.

Kugadziriswa kwemapurisa emota dzevatakurwi

Kugadziriswa kwemuviri zvichitevera tsaona yemotokari kunoenderana necheni dzekubatanidza dzezvikamu zvikuru zvemotokari (semuenzaniso maekisero, injini, mahinji emasuo, nezvimwewo). Ndege dzekuyera dzemunhu dzinoonekwa nemugadziri, uye maitiro ekugadzirisa anotsanangurwa zvakare mubhuku rekugadzirisa mota. Munguva yekuzvigadzirisa pachayo, akasiyana masisitimu edhisheni anoshandiswa ekugadzirisa mafuremu akavakirwa mupasi remasangano kana kusimudza zvituru.

Munguva yenjodzi yemumugwagwa, muviri unoshandura simba rakawanda kuita deformation, zvichiteerana. machira emuviri. Kana uchienzanisa muviri, zvinoda simba rakaringana uye rinomanikidza masimba, anoshandiswa ne hydraulic traction uye compression zvishandiso. Pfungwa yacho ndeyekuti simba rekushanduka kweshure rinofanira kunge rakapesana nedungamiro yesimba rekushandura.

Hydraulic Kuyera Zvishandiso

Izvo zvine muchina wekudhinda uye yakananga hydraulic mota inosunganidzwa neye yakakwira yekumanikidza hosi. Panyaya yeiyo yakanyanya kumanikidza humburumbira, iyo tsvimbo yepisitoni inowedzera pasi pechiito chekumanikidza kwakanyanya; mune yekuwedzera silinda, inodzokera kumashure. Iwo magumo esirinda uye pisitoni tsvimbo inofanirwa kutsigirwa panguva yekumanikidza uye yekuwedzera zvisungo zvinofanirwa kushandiswa panguva yekuwedzera.

Hydraulic Kuyera Zvishandiso

Hydraulic kusimudza (bulldozer)

Inosanganisira danda rakatwasuka uye ikholamu yakaiswa kumagumo ayo pamwe nekukwanisa kutenderera, iko iko humbowo hwekumanikidza hunogona kufamba. Iyo yekumisikidza mudziyo inogona kushandiswa yakazvimiririra iwo ekumisikidza matafura eudiki nepakati kukuvara kwemuviri, iyo isingade yakanyanya kukwirisa kuedza. Mutumbi unofanirwa kuchengetedzwa pamapoinzi akatsanangurwa nemugadziri ane chassis inosunga uye mapaipi ekutsigira padanda rakatwasuka.

Hydraulic extensions (bulldozers) emhando dzakasiyana;

Yakatwasuka tafura ine hydraulic straightening mudziyo

Chigaro chakatwasuka chine furemu yakasimba iyo inobata masimba ekutwasanudza. Mota dzakasungirirwa pairi nemucheto wezasi weiyo sill beam uchishandisa zvisungo (zvinosungisa). Iyo hydraulic yekumisikidza mudziyo inogona kuiswa nyore nyore chero patafura yekumisikidza.

Yakatwasuka tafura ine hydraulic straightening mudziyo

Kukuvadza kwakanyanya kune iyo bodywork kunogona zvakare kugadziriswa nematanho emabhenji. Kugadziridza kunoitwa nenzira iyi kuri nyore kuitisa pane kushandisa hydraulic yekuwedzera, nekuti iyo yekumusoro deformation yemuviri inogona kutora nzvimbo yakanangana yakanangana nekutanga kushanduka kwemuviri. Uye zvakare, iwe unogona kushandisa hydraulic mazinga akavakirwa pane vector musimboti. Izwi iri rinogona kunzwisiswa semidziyo yekutwasanudza iyo inogona kutambanudza kana kutsimbirira chikamu chakaremara chemuviri mune chero nzvimbo yekudyara.

Kuchinja iko kutungamira kwesimba rekudzora kwesimba

Kana, semhedzisiro yetsaona, mukuwedzera kune yakatwasuka deformation yemuviri, deformation inoitikawo pamwe neayo akamira axis, muviri unofanirwa kudzoserwa neyakagadzika mudziyo uchishandisa roller. Iyo tensile simba ipapo inoshanda munzira yakanangana yakanangana neyekutanga deformation simba.

Kuchinja iko kutungamira kwesimba rekudzora kwesimba

Kurudziro yekugadzirisa muviri (kusimudza)

• Kutwasuka kwemuviri kunofanirwa kuitiswa zvisati zvagadziriswa nhengo dzomuviri dzisingagadzirike,
• kana kururamisa kuchikwanisika, inoitwa inotonhora,
• kana kudhirowa kutonhora kusingaite pasina njodzi yekuparara muzvinhu, chikamu chakaremara chinogona kudziirwa pamusoro penzvimbo hombe uchishandisa chakakodzera kuzvigadzirira chinopisa; zvisinei, iyo tembiricha yechinhu ichi haifanire kupfuudza 700 ° (yakasviba tsvuku) nekuda kwekuchinja kwesimba,
• mushure mekupfeka kwega kwega zvakakosha kuti utarise nzvimbo yemapoinzi,
• kuitira kuti uwane zviyero zvemuviri pasina kukakavara, chimiro chinofanira kutambanudzwa zvishoma kupfuura saizi inodiwa yekusimba,
• zvikamu zvinotakura zvinotsemuka kana zvakaputswa zvinofanirwa kuchinjirwa zvikonzero zvekuchengetedza,
• kudhonza ngetani dzinofanirwa kuchengetedzwa netambo.

Midhudhudhu furemu kugadzirisa

Mufananidzo 3.31, Wona yeiyo mudhudhudhu yekupfeka chiteshi

Chinyorwa ichi chinopa kutarisisa kwezvivakwa zvemafuremu, zvinokanganisa kuongororwa, pamwe nenzira dzazvino dzekugadzirisa mafuremu uye zvivakwa zvinotsigira zvemumigwagwa mota. Izvi zvinopa varidzi vemota dzakakanganisika kugona kuishandisa zvakare vasina kudzitsiva nedzitsva, kazhinji zvichikonzera kuchengetedza kwakakura kwemari. Nekudaro, kugadziriswa kwemafuremu akakuvara uye masisitemu ane kwete chete hupfumi asiwo bhenefiti zvakanakira.