Chii chinonzi axle yekumashure uye mashandiro ayo

Iyo axle yekumashure inowanzodaidzwa kunzi danda kana subframe, kana transmission gearbox. Kuti chii, kuti chinoratidzika sei, uye kuti chinoshanda sei - verenga mberi.

 Chii chinonzi axle yekumashure

Ekisero yekumashure ndeyekugadzira mota inobatanidza mavhiri maviri paekisero imwe chete, mavhiri ane suspension uye suspension ine body. Panyaya yekumashure-vhiri dhiraivha, iyo yekufambisa gearbox musangano inonzi axle. 

Kumashure ekisero mabasa

Chidimbu chinoshanda kuita akawanda mabasa:

• kufambisa kwetorque. Musiyano weakisi yekumashure unowedzera torque nekushambadzira Zvakare, zambuko rinogona kushandura iyo ndege yekutenderera kwemavhiri ekutyaira, ichibvumira mavhiri kutenderera akaenzana kumutumbi kana crankshaft ichitenderera pamwe neakisi yemota;
• kutenderera kwemavhiri ekutyaira pane akasiyana angular kumhanya. Izvi zvinogoneka kuburikidza nekushandisa musiyano (anobatsira masetilaiti), ayo anogovera torque zvichienderana nemutoro uri pavhiri. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanisike kutenderera zvakachengeteka, kunyanya pakumhanya kwakanyanya, uye kuvepo kwekusiyanisa kukiya kunokubvumira kukunda zvikamu zvakaoma kana vhiri rimwe richitsvedza;
• tsigiro yemavhiri nemuviri. Semuenzaniso, mota VAZ 2101-2123, GAZ "Volga" ine yakavharwa kumashure ekisero, mune yekugara (stocking) pane iro giya bhokisi reasle uye ekisero shaft, pamwe nemabhureki emabhureki. Muchiitiko ichi, kumiswa kunoenderana.

Pamotokari dzemazuva ano, ekisiki yakasarudzika inopa hurefu hwekuyambuka-nyika nekuda kwekufamba kwenguva refu, kusimudzira torsional, pamwe nekufamba mushe, semuenzaniso, muToyota Land Cruiser 200 SUV.

Chigadzirwa uye dhizaini yeshure ekisero mumotokari

Zvinhu zveiyo yakasarudzika kumashure ekisero:

• crankcase (stocking), kazhinji chimwe-chidimbu, chine chifukidziro pakati kuti uwane yekumashure kwemusiyano. Pamotokari dzeUAZ, muviri unove nezvikamu zviviri;
• kutungamira uye kutyaira giya repakati huru;
• kusiyanisa dzimba (iyo axle yokuderedza yakaungana mairi)
• hafu-ekisero magiya (satellites);
• seti yemabheyaringi (dhiraivha giya uye musiyano) ine spacer washer;
• seti yekugadzirisa uye yekuisa chisimbiso gaskets.

Nheyo yekushanda kweshure ekisero. Kana mota ichifamba munzira yakatwasuka, torque inopfuudzwa kuburikidza neye propeller shaft kuenda kune yekutyaira giya rinodzora. Iyo inotyairwa giya rinotenderera nekuda kwekutungamira, uye ma satellite anotenderera zvakaenzana kubva pairi (asi kwete kutenderera ekisero yayo), ichigovera iyo nguva kumavhiri 50:50. 

Kana uchitendeudza mota yeimwe ekisero shaft, inofanirwa kutenderera nespidhi yakaderera, nekuda kwekutenderera kwemasaiti akatenderedza akabatana, padiki padiki, torque inopihwa kune isina kuburitswa vhiri. Nekudaro, inopa chengetedzo uye kusavapo kwema rolls paanotendeuka, derailment uye kupfeka kushoma kwerabha.

Misiyano yakakamurwa kuita mhando dzinoverengeka, imwe neimwe inoita basa rimwe chete, asi ichizviita nenzira dzakasiyana. Kune disc, sikuruwa, mashoma masipidhi akasiyana, ane rakaomarara rinovhara. Zvese izvi zvinovimbisa yakakwira kuyambuka-nyika kugona, saka, inoshandiswa pane crossovers nemaSUV. 

Ungachengetedza sei axle yekumashure. Kuchengetedza ekisero kunoda shanduko dzeoiri dzegiya. Nekuda kwekushandiswa kweiyo hypoid giya, mafuta ari mubhokisi regear anofanirwa kutevedzera gadziriro ye GL-5 Kamwe chete mazana maviri emazana maviri ezviuru nemazana zviuru mazana mashanu, zvichave zvakafanira kugadzirisa chigamba chekubatana pakati peanotyairwa uye magiya ekutyaira, pamwe nemabheyari. Nekuchengetwa kwakaringana kwemabheya, satellites uye spacer washer, inozogara kweinenge mazana matatu emakiromita. 

Mhando dzeshure ekisero gungano

Nhasi kune matatu matatu emashure ekereke ekereke, akasiyana nemhando yerutsigiro rwevhiri uye shaft shaft:

• semi-yakaenzana ekisero miseve;
• zvakazara zvakaburitswa axle shafts;
• yakazvimirira kuturika.

Ekisero pamwe Semi-nepakati ekisero miseve, inozvichengetedza nec-dzakaumbwa dzakasungwa mune crankcase. Iyo shaft shaft inogadzikwa ne spline mubhokisi rekusiyanisa, uye inotsigirwa ne roller inotakura kubva kune vhiri rerutivi. Kuti uone kusimba kwebhiriji, chisimbiso chemafuta chakaiswa pamberi pekutakura.

Shure ekisero ine yakaenzana ekisero miseve inopesana nekuti inoendesa torque kune vhiri, asi haigamuchire lateral mitoro muchimiro chemota uremu. Aya masimbi emagetsi anowanzo shandiswa mumarori nemotokari dzisiri-munzira, vane huremu hwakakura, asi vane mukana wekukura kukuru uye chimiro chakaomarara.

Pamberi ekisero nekumira kwakazvimirira - pano iyo axle shaft ine hinge yekunze uye yemukati yeakaenzana angular velocities, nepo basa rekumira kwemuviri rinoitwa neyakazvimiririra kuturika unit, inosanganisira angangoita matatu lever kune rimwe divi. Maaxles akadaro ane camber uye zvigunwe zvekugadzirisa zvigunwe, zvine huwandu hwakasiyana hwekumisa kufamba, pamwe nekureruka kwekugadziriswa kweiyo kumashure axle gearbox nekuda kweiyo nyore dhizaini yekunamatira kwayo kune subframe.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Ndeapi mabhiriji emota? Kune inoenderera mberi (inoshandiswa mumotokari dzine kusungirirwa), kupatsanurwa (mavhiri akaiswa pane yakazvimiririra kuturika) uye portal (inoshandiswa mumotokari dzine akawanda-link kumiswa nekuwedzera kwepasi clearance) zambuko.

Mabhiriji emotokari anoshandiswa chii? Iyi unit inobatanidza mavhiri ekutyaira uye inoachengetedza kune kumiswa. Inogamuchira uye inotumira torque kumavhiri.

Ekisero yekumashure ndeyei? Inoshandiswa mumotokari dzekumashure uye ina-mavhiri. Inobatanidza mavhiri eekisi. Inopa kutapurirana kwe torque kumavhiri uchishandisa propeller shaft (inobva kune yekuchinjisa kesi) uye musiyano (inobvumira mavhiri kutenderera akazvimirira achichinjana).