Chii chinonzi tachograph uye nei ichidiwa mumotokari
Zviri mukati
Kushanda semutyairi kunowanzobatanidzwa nekuwedzera kunetseka pamuviri wemunhu. Zvinhu zvemazuva ano zveRussia zvinomanikidza vamiririri vebasa iri kuti vapedze nguva yakareba vari pavhiri. Iyi nzira yekushanda ine zvakanyanya kukuvadza pakuchengetedza kuchengetedza uye kazhinji inotungamira kune zvinosiririsa kune vese mutyairi nevamwe vashandisi vemugwagwa.
Iri dambudziko, maererano neanokwanisa masevhisi, raifanira kunge rakagadziriswa nekuunzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira michina, inosungirwa kune ega mapoka emotokari. Isu tiri kutaura nezve tachograph - chishandiso chinokutendera kuti utarise iwo makuru paramita emota mukati merwendo rwose.
Kudzoka muna 2014, mutemo wakatanga kushanda, maererano nazvo, vatyairi vemotokari dzezvikamu izvi vanofanirwa kushandisa chigadzirwa ichi chekunyoresa kwose kwose. Muchiitiko chekutyorwa kwemutemo uyu, muridzi wemotokari achabatwa nemhosva yekutonga.
Sei uchida tachograph mumotokari
Pakutanga, kuiswa kwetachograph mukuita kwemazuva ose kwakabatanidzwa nekuvandudzwa kwekuzorora uye mamiriro ekushanda kwevatyairi. Rimwe remabasa makuru raive rekudzikisa nhamba dzetsaona dzinosanganisira vatyairi vanotyora hutongi hwakagadzwa.
Nekudaro, izvi zviri kure nechinangwa chega chemudziyo wakaunzwa. Nerubatsiro rwayo, zvinogoneka kutarisa akasiyana akakosha maratidziro ekuita.
Nerubatsiro rweiyi pane-bhodhi mudziyo, kuongorora kunoitwa:
- kutyorwa kwemigwagwa;
- kutevedzera nzira yakagadziriswa;
- maitiro ebasa uye zororo remutyairi;
- kumhanya kwemotokari.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kuvapo kwechigadzirwa ichi, maererano nenyanzvi, kunovimbisa kuchengeteka kukuru kune vose mutyairi nevafambi. Tichitaura nezvemitemo yakagadzwa uye mitemo, mutyairi haana kodzero yekufambisa motokari kwemaawa anopfuura mana akatevedzana.
Mushure menguva yakatarwa, anorayirwa kuzorora kwemaminitsi makumi mana. Nokudaro, kana motokari yakashongedzerwa ne tachograph, mutyairi haakwanisi kuputsa tsika dzakagadziriswa uye kuisa upenyu hwevafambi pangozi.
Mukuwedzera, nerubatsiro rwe tachograph, kukurumidza kwemotokari kunotariswa. Ichi chimiro chinokutendera iwe kuti uwedzere zvakanyanya dhigirii rekutonga uye kuona kwevanotyora hutsinye hweiyo yekumhanyisa muganhu.
Mhando dzemidziyo
Sezvo tachographs yakaonekwa, zvishandiso zvakaratidzwa zvakachinja zvakasiyana. Kana pakutanga mazhinji acho aive emhando yeanalogi, ikozvino akatsiviwa neakawanda epamberi uye akabatana edhijitari zvishandiso.
Tachographs, zvichienderana nenzira yekuuraya, yakakamurwa kuva marudzi maviri:
- denderedzwa (yakaiswa panzvimbo yeyakajairika speedometer);
- rectangular (yakaiswa munzvimbo yenguva dzose yeredhiyo yemotokari).
Parizvino, midziyo yeanalog inotsiviwa zvachose nedhijitari. Iyi maitiro anonyanya kubatanidzwa neakaderera mwero wekurongeka kwema mechanical tachographs.
Kutanga kubva ku2016, kushandiswa kweanalogi tachographs yemhando ipi zvayo kunorambidzwa muRussia. Muchiitiko ichi, analogi zvinoreva chero mudziyo usina cryptoprotection.
Digital type tachographs dzakanyatsopinda muhupenyu hwedu. Ivo vanokutendera iwe kuchengetedza huwandu hukuru hweruzivo, nekuda kweyakavakirwa-mukati memory unit. Hazvibviri kuwana ruzivo rusina kubvumirwa kune ruzivo rwuri mairi, nekuda kwepamusoro pekudzivirira.
Chero kuedza kuvhiringidza kushanda kwechigadzirwa kunosanganisira chirango chekutonga nenzira yefaindi. Paunenge uchishanda nedhijitari tachograph, kadhi rekuzivikanwa rinoshandiswa. Ipurasitiki inotakura ruzivo rwemunhu mutyairi.
Kune marudzi mana emakadhi akadai:
- kadhi yemutyairi wega;
- kadhi yakasarudzika (yevashandi venzvimbo dzesevhisi dzinoshandisa mudziyo);
- kutakura kambani kadhi;
- kadhi yemapurisa emigwagwa (yekutonga zviito).
Makadhi anoratidzwa anopihwa nemasangano akasarudzika ane rezinesi rakakodzera.
Mudziyo uye musimboti wekushanda
Iyo tachograph, kunze, chinhu chisingashamisi, kunyanya munyaya yerectangular version. Kunyanguvezvo, mukati mayo makazara, sezvavanotaura, nesayenzi yazvino uno nounyanzvi hwokugadzira zvinhu. Kunyatsoongorora kwacho kunotibvumira kuziva nhamba yenhengo dzayo dzinoshanda uye nodes.
Zita:
- kuratidza uye kutonga makiyi;
- thermal printer;
- scanning device;
- modem;
- kufamba sensor.
Iyo tachograph inoratidza inoratidza ruzivo rwese rwunodiwa. Makiyi anopihwa ekuisa pini kodhi uye activate inoenderana mabasa. Thermal printer inoratidza data rese rekuzivisa nezverwendo pabepa. Muverengi anoshandiswa kuziva epurasitiki media.
Uchishandisa modem, basa rekutumira data kune anonyorera cellular network kuburikidza neGPRS rinoitwa. Iyo inofamba sensor inobvumidza iwe kurekodha data pakumhanya uye chinhambwe chafambwa.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvechero tachograph ndeyeCIPF block. Chinangwa chayo mune zvakajairika ndeye encrypt ese akanyoreswa mudziyo data.
Mukuwedzera, iyo yakaratidzwa hardware mudziyo inopa yakasarudzika kubuda kweruzivo. Mune mamwe mazwi, iyo sisitimu, zvichienderana neyakagadzika paramita yebasa, inosarudza kuti ndeupi ruzivo runofanira kupihwa mune imwe neimwe nyaya.
Chishandiso chakataurwa chinoitwa pakarepo mushure mekutanga injini. Mushure meizvozvo, ese masisitimu uye masensa emudziyo anotanga kushanda.
Kuisa mitemo
Kuiswa kweiyo tachograph kunoitwa chete munzvimbo dzakakosha dzebasa uye mashopu. Panguva imwecheteyo, masangano ataurwa pamusoro anofanirwa kuve nerezinesi kubva kuFSB uye mucherechedzo kubva kubazi rezvekutakurwa. Zvikasadaro, pane mukana wakakura wekuiswa kwakashata kwechigadzirwa chakatarwa nemhedzisiro yese inotevera.
Mukuwedzera, kana chiitiko chekuputsika kana kukundikana kwechigadzirwa, mutakuri anorasikirwa nekugadzirisa waranti, uye achafanira kugadzirisa kusashanda kubva muhomwe yake.
Usati wasimudza tachograph, zvakakosha kutanga pane zvese kusarudza nzvimbo yakanakira iyo. Tichifunga kuti uchafanira kushandisa mudziyo anenge mazuva ose, unofanira kutarisira kuwanikwa kwayo. Izvo zvinodiwawo kutarisira kusungirirwa kwayo kwakavimbika kuitira kuti usabvisa kuputsika kwayo nekuda kwekudonha.
Mutemo unorambidza kuiswa kwetachograph iwe pachako. Zvakadaro, kune budiriro yakajairika, zvichave zvakanaka kujairana nemamwe ma nuances ekuiswa kwayo.
Iyo tachograph yekuisa algorithm yakaita seiyi:
- iko kukodzera kweiyo yakajairwa speedometer uye mota yekumhanyisa sensor inoongororwa;
- kana zvichidikanwa, iyo speedometer uye kasi sensor inotsiviwa;
- wiring inobatanidza rekodhi, speedometer uye speed sensor yakaiswa;
- kushanda kwakarurama kwechigadzirwa chekurekodha kunotariswa;
- mudziyo wacho wakashandiswa uye wakavharwa;
- kunyatsogadzirisa uye calibration.
Iyi nzira haitore nguva yakawanda. Sezvo mutemo, mutakuri achafanira kupedza kubva 2 kusvika 4 maawa.
Maitiro ekushanda uye faindi yekusavapo kwetachograph
Mitemo yebasa pa tachograph inonyanya kutariswa pane zviito zvemutemo izvo zvinopa imwe yakatarwa yebasa. Zvinoratidza kuti mutyairi haafaniri kunge ari mumugwagwa asina kumira kweanopfuura maawa 4 - 4,5.
Chimiro chekuzorora chinenge maminitsi makumi mana nemashanu.
Iyo yakazara nguva yekutonga kwemotokari pazuva haifanirwe kunge inopfuura maawa 9. Muchiitiko ichi, mutyairi anofanira kunge ane mazuva maviri ekuzorora pavhiki. Kana dziri nzira dzekupindirana, nguva isiri yekushanda munyaya iyi inoderedzwa kusvika maawa 2.
Chirango chekutonga chinopihwa kune mumwe munhu nenzira yefaindi pasina mudziyo, kushanda kwayo kwakashata kana kutyora kwakanyorwa. Muzviitiko zviviri zvekutanga, mutyairi achafanira kubhadhara anenge 2 - 3 zviuru rubles. Asi mushandirwi, nekubvumira kukanganisa kwakadaro, anogona "kubhururuka mukati" kwe7-10 zviuru rubles.
Kuiswa kwekumanikidza kwetachograph kunova kusingadzivisike. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti mafungiro evatyairi nevatakuri kwairi haasi zvachose asina kujeka. Kune vamwe, hunyanzvi uhu hahukonzeri kubvumidzwa, asi kune mumwe munhu zvaive zvekuda kwavo. Imwe nzira kana imwe, nyika zhinji dzeEurope dzakashandisa zvinobudirira tachographs kwemakore mazhinji, uye mhedzisiro yekuiswa kweiyo innovation yakapfuura zvinotarisirwa zvakanyanya.
