Chii chinonzi mubatanidzwa webhora uye unogona kugadziridzwa here?

Chassis uye kumiswa kwemotokari yemazuva ano kunoumbwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana, chinangwa chayo ndechokupa kunyaradzwa kwakanyanya paunenge uchityaira mota, pamwe nekudzora kushushikana pane zvimwe zvinhu.

Mubatanidzwa webhora ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha pakusimudzwa kwemotokari. Funga nezvechinangwa chayo, chishandiso, chikuru kukanganisa uye sarudzo dzekutsiva.

Chii chinonzi bhora rakabatana

Zita rechikamu rinoratidza kuti rinoshanda sekutsigira. Mune ino kesi, levers yemavhiri anotenderera emuchina nehubhu anozorora pairi. Zvichienderana nemota yemota, mubatanidzwa webhora unenge uine chimiro chakashandurwa zvishoma, asi zvakangofanana zvese zvakafanana kune mumwe nemumwe. Ivo vari muchimiro chebhora, iro rine pini yekusunga, iyo yakaiswa mune yesimbi kesi.

Sei uchida bhora rakabatana

Sezvo maoko ekumisa nemahabhu evhiri achigara achifamba (pasina izvi, hazvigoneke kufamba uye kutasva unyoro), iyo gomo haifanire kukanganisa kufamba kwavo. Asi panguva imwecheteyo, kufamba kwezvikamu izvi kunofanirwa kunge kuri mukati memiganhu yakasimba.

Basa rekubatanidzwa kwebhora kubvumira mavhiri kutenderera uye kutendeuka zvakasununguka, asi kuvadzivirira kuti vasafambe nenzira yakatwasuka (kuona kuti mavhiri ari munzvimbo yakatwasuka).

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti hinge gomo rinoshandiswa kwete chete muchikamu ichi kugadzirisa hub uye lever. Chikamu chakafanana chinowanikwa mukutungamira, camber levers kana mamwe marudzi eanokatyamadza (semuenzaniso, muvharo remuti kana bhoneti).

Nhoroondo yekusikwa kwebhora rakabatana

Pamberi pekugadzirwa kwenzira dzebhora, mapivoti aishandiswa mumotokari. Iri bhaudhi ine tsono kana roller chinotakura, izvo zvakapa kumwe kufambisa kune mavhiri epamberi, asi kusimiswa kwakasiyana nekuomarara kwayo, nekuti levers yakanga isina yekutamba yemahara senge mumotokari dzazvino.

Paive nenzira dzakasiyana siyana, dzaive nemitanda yakati wandei ine mabheyaringi, izvo zvakaita kuti kumiswa kwacho kunyorove. Asi dhizaini yemayuniti akadaro yanga yakaoma, uye kugadzirisa kwavo kwainetsa. Chikonzero chikuru chekutadza kurasikirwa nemafuta mumabhegi.

Mukutanga kwema1950, dhizaini nyowani yakabuda iyo yakaita kuti musangano uyu uve nyore sezvinobvira. Aya aive majoini ebhora. Kutenda kune yavo yakapusa dhizaini, kuchengetedza kwavo kwakareruka sezvinobvira, asi panguva imwecheteyo chikamu chakapa rusununguko rwakawanda kune vhiri rekufambisa - kufamba panguva yekumanikidza uye kukwirisa kwekumiswa, pamwe nekutenderera kwechibhakera pakagadzikwa hub.

Mushure memakore gumi chete, chikamu ichi chakatanga kushandiswa mumotokari zhinji dzevapfuuri, uye nepakati pema60s. mapivots akasara kunyanya mumarori uye asiri emumugwagwa mota.

Bhora rakabatana mudziyo

Iwo ekutanga majoini ebhora aive nehafu mahafu, ayo akabatanidzwa pamwe chete nekutenderera. Kuita kuti chikamu chigare kwenguva refu, pakutanga chaishandira. Ndokunge, yaifanira kuve yakakwenenzverwa, sezvo pini uye chitubu mukati mekesi zvakatarisana nemutoro mukuru. Kukudziridza zvishoma gare gare kwakarasa chitubu neyakaomeswa ndiro, uye pachinzvimbo dhizaini yakagamuchira ruoko rweplastiki.

Nhasi, michina inoshandisa yekugadzirisa-yemahara kugadziridzwa ine chimiro chakafanana neizvo zvataurwa pamusoro. Musiyano chete ndewekuti chinhu chakasimba chinoshandiswa panzvimbo pepurasitiki.

Chigadzirwa cherutsigiro rwakadai chinosanganisira:

• Ndokugadzira simbi muviri;
• Bhora-poindi munwe unokodzera mumuviri;
• Nylon liner iyo inodzivirira mativi esimbi kuti asaonane;
• Chikamu chese chakavharirwa mubhuti.

Nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu izvi, tekinoroji yakakosha yekutsikisa inoshandiswa, nekuda kwekuti chikamu chidiki chinokwanisa kutsigira hombe michina uye inotonhora mitoro.

Hazvishamise kuti vagadziri vezvimotokari vagadzire gungano rebhora nemubato, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kugadzirisa mota. Ehezve, mune ino kesi, maitiro acho anodhura zvakanyanya uchienzaniswa neyakajairika hinge mashandiro. Pamusoro pemutengo we hinge yacho pachako, uchafanirwa kubhadhara iyo yese lever.

Nhamba yemajoini ebhora mukumiswa

Zvichienderana nerudzi rwemotokari (motokari yevatasvi kana SUV), nhamba yemajoini ebhora inogona kusiyana. Semuenzaniso, mune yakasarudzika mota yevafambi ine yakajairwa kumiswa, maviri bhora majoini akaiswa - rimwe pavhiri.

Mune mamwe maSUVs, vhiri rimwe nerimwe riri pamberi pekuturika rine maviri anotsigira (rimwe pamusoro uye rimwe pazasi). Madhizaini ekumisikidza anoshandisa matatu bhora mabearings pavhiri haawanzo kuwanda. Mune yakazvimirira multi-link kumiswa, bhora rekubatanidza rinowanzoiswa pavhiri rekumashure.

Iyo yakawanda yakadaro inotsigira muchimiro, iyo iri nyore iyo inogona kumira mitoro yakakomba. Asi panguva imwecheteyo, nekuwedzera kwenhamba yezvikamu muchimiro, nhamba yezvingangove nodes yekuputsika inowedzerawo. Zvakare, iyo yakawedzera nhamba yemajoini ebhora inoita kuti nzira yekumisikidzwa yekuongorora ive yakaoma uye zvakare kudhura zvakanyanya kugadzirisa.

Maitiro ekutarisa bhora rakabatana

Kunyangwe paine chokwadi chekuti bhora rakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvinobvumidza kuti chikamu chishandiswe kwenguva yakareba, ichiri kusabatika. Nechikonzero ichi, kugara uchimisa kuongororwa kunodiwa.

Bhora cheki inoitwa kunzvimbo dzakakosha. Muchiitiko ichi, zviri nyore kuona kusashanda kwechimwe chinhu pane nekutarisa kunoonekwa. Nekudaro, mubatanidzwa webhora unogona zvakare kuyedzwa kumba.

Hedzino dzimwe nzira:

• Kuburitsa ruzha. Neinjini yadzimwa, zunza muchina kubva kudivi kuenda kudivi. Panguva ino, iwe unofanirwa kuteerera kana kumiswa kwacho kuchiratidzira kubaya kana kugogodza. Kune iyi nzira, iwe unofanirwa kushandisa rubatsiro rwekunze. Kana kugogodza kwechikamu kwakaonekwa, kunofanirwa kuchinjwa;
• Kutenderera mavhiri. Mune ino kesi, iwe zvakare haugone kuita pasina rubatsiro. Mota dzakasimudzwa kana kusimudzwa panokwidzwa. Mumwe munhu ari mukati memotokari uye akabata bhureki rekumisa. Imwe inosimudza vhiri rimwe nerimwe zvakasiyana. Kana paine kusagadzikana, saka bhora rinofanira kutsiviwa.

Zviratidzo zvekusashanda kwemajoini mabhora

Bhora rakaremara rakabatana rinowedzera njodzi yechimbichimbi. Iko hakuna chiyero chimwechete chekuti chikamu chakapihwa chinofanira kugara kwenguva yakareba sei. Mune mamwe mamodheru emota, sosi yayo inogona kunge ingangoita zviuru zana nemakumi mashanu emakiromita. Neichi chikonzero, iyo yekutsiva chirongwa inofanirwa kudomwa mumotokari inoshanda bhuku.

Ichi chinhu chekumiswa kwemotokari chakanyanya kushomeka. Kazhinji kazhinji, izvi zvinotungamirwa nezvimwe zviratidzo:

• Kumisa ruzha kana uchityaira zvishoma nezvishoma pamusoro pezvipingamupinyi - makomba kana mabhureki anomhanya. Aya maungira anouya achibva kumberi kwemotokari;
• Munguva yekutasva, vhiri rinotenderera kuenda kumativi. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekudzokera shure mukutsigirwa. Ichi chiratidzo hachigone kufuratirwa, nekuti pasi pemutoro, chikamu chinogona kuputika uye vhiri rinobuda. Mamiriro ezvinhu ane njodzi ndeapo izvi pazvinoitika pakayambuka njanji, nekudaro, muchiitiko chekudzokera shure, bhora rinofanira kuchinjwa nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona;
• Kupfeka kusingaenzanisike pamavhiri epamberi (dzakasiyana mhando dzekupfeka zverabha dzinotsanangurwa mune imwe wongororo);
• Panguva yekutendeuka kwemavhiri, chinwiwa chinonzwika (kumonyoroka panguva yekufamba kunoratidza kusashanda kwecv joint).

Zvikonzero zvekutadza kwebhora mubatanidzwa

Kunyangwe chikamu chacho chakanyanya kusimba zvichienzaniswa nemapivots, iwo mamwe masimba achiri kushanda pairi. Chero ipi michina munguva pfupi inotevera inowira mukuora, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinomhanyisa maitiro aya. Heano mamwe acho:

• Bhuti rakabvaruka. Nekuda kweizvi, hunyoro, jecha nezvimwe zvinokonzeresa zvinopinda musangano. Kana ukaita ongororo yekuona nguva nenguva, dambudziko iri rinogona kuzivikanwa padanho rekutanga uye kudzivirira kugadziriswa kwechimwe nguva;
• Kutyaira-munzira kana mumigwagwa isina kugadzirwa zvakanaka. Muchiitiko ichi, mubatanidzwa webhora unonyanya kusangana nekushushikana kwakanyanya. Neichi chikonzero, iyo inofanirwa kuchinjwa kare kupfuura izvo mugadziri anoratidza;
• Zvisingatomboiti lubrication yezvikamu zvinoshandirwa;
• Pini yekutsanya. Izvi zvinotungamira mukuwedzera mukutamba, uye chigunwe chinongobuda kunze kwesokisi.

Kudzorerwa kwekubatana kwebhora

Nekuwanda kwebhajheji bhora majoini pamusika, vatyairi vazhinji vanoona zviri nyore kutenga chikamu chitsva uye kutsiva avo vakakundikana. Mumigwagwa isina kunaka, bhora rinoshanda kwemakiromita angangoita 30, saka vazhinji vanofunga kuti chikamu ichi chinhu chinodyiwa.

Zvisinei, kana zvichidiwa, bhora rekubatana rinofanira kudzorerwa. Chaizvoizvo, chete liner uye bhutsu inopera mukati mayo, uye zvinhu zvesimbi zvinoramba zvakadaro. Kunze kweaya mamiriro apo mutyairi anofuratira kugogodza pakumiswa kwenguva refu.

Maitiro ekudzoreredza bhora ndeaya:

• Chikamu chakakundikana chinobviswa.
• Chitsigiro chinoparadzaniswa (chine chokuita nezvikamu zvinoputika) - zvindori pabhoti hazvina kuchena, zvinobviswa, munwe unobviswa, lubricant uye liner zvinochinjwa. Usashandise graphite girisi.
• Kana chikamu chisingagoni kuparadzaniswa, ipapo gomba guru rinoputirwa muchikamu chezasi uye tambo inogadzirwa mairi. Iyo liner inobviswa nepaburi iri, liner nyowani inoiswa nenzira imwechete, girisi inoputirwa uye gomba rinoputirwa mukati nekare-yakagadzirirwa simbi plug.

Izvo zvakanyanya kuoma kudzoreredza zvitsigiro zvisina kubviswa kubva kune levers. Muchiitiko ichi, nzira yacho inonetsa, saka zviri nyore kutenga chikamu chitsva. Kuti udzorere bhora rakadaro, unoda midziyo yakakosha uye fluoroplastic (polymer, iyo, mushure mekupisa kusvika ku200 degrees, inoputirwa muchikamu kuburikidza negomba rakacherwa).

Nzira yekuwedzera sei hupenyu hwemajoini ebhora

Nehurombo, havasi vese vanogadzira bhora vanogadzira anoshandisa mafuta akakwana, anogona kukurumidza kuita kuti chikamu ichi chikundikane. Kunyanya hupenyu hwekushanda hwezvikamu zvakadaro hunoenderana nemamiriro eanthers. Mafuta mashoma emafuta anoshambidzwa nekukurumidza uye bhora re liner rinosakara.

Kana muridzi wemotokari achida kuwedzera zviwanikwa zvemajoini ebhora (zvakafanana zvinoshanda kumigumo yezvidhiraivho), anogona nguva nenguva kuzadza huwandu hwemafuta. Ehe, kana dhizaini yebhora ichibvumira kuita uku (kune giresi zamu pazasi kune girisi zamu kana girisi zamu), izvi zviri nyore kuita. Iyo refueling maitiro ndeaya anotevera.

Iyo cap bolt haina kukweshwa uye zamu rakapindirwa mukati. Girisi inoiswa mupfuti yegirizi (zviri nani kushandisa chinhu kune majoini eCV, sezvo girisi iyi inopesana nekupisa kwakanyanya uye mvura). Chinhu chikuru ndechokusaisa girizi yakawandisa. Zvikasadaro, bhutsu ichazvimba uye kubvaruka panguva yekutyaira.

Nzira yekusarudza bhora rekubatana

Kusarudzwa kwechikwata chitsva chebhora kunoitwa nenzira imwechete nekusarudzwa kwezvimwe zvikamu. Kutanga iwe unofanirwa kuyeuka kuti bhora rekumusoro uye rezasi (kana kuturika dhizaini ine zvitsigiro zvakadaro) hazvishanduke. Chimwe nechimwe chazvo chakagadzirirwa mitoro yakasiyana, uyewo zvishoma zvakasiyana mukugadzira.

Zviri nyore kuwana kit yeimwe mota modhi pane kutsvaga zvikamu wega. Zviri nyore kusarudza vheji itsva yebhora maererano nekugadzira uye muenzaniso wemotokari. Kana mota ichimhanya, semuenzaniso, yepamba yekare, saka zvikamu zvakadaro zvichave zviripo munenge chero chitoro chezvikamu zvemotokari.

Kana iyo modhi isiri yakajairika, uye bhora rayo rakabatana rine yakakosha dhizaini, saka zviri nani kutsvaga iyo chikamu catalog nhamba (kazhinji pane engraving yenhamba iyi pane anthers emajoini ebhora, asi kuti uione, iwe inoda kubvisa chikamu). Kuomerwa kwekutsvaga kwakadaro ndeyekuti iwe unofanirwa kuziva kana kuwana iyo inodiwa catalog nhamba. Imwe nzira yakavimbika ndeyekutsvaga nhamba yebhora neVIN kodhi.

Nzira iri nyore ndeyekutenga chikamu chepakutanga. Asi sarudzo dzakanaka dzinowanikwawo kubva kune vamwe vanogadzira kana kubva kumakambani ekurongedza. Pakati pemhando dzakadaro (pamusoro pemhando yebhora) ndeyeSouth Korean CTR, German Lemfoerder, American Delphi uye Japanese 555. Kana iri kambani yekupedzisira, zvigadzirwa zvenhema pasi pezita rechiratidzo ichi zvinowanzowanikwa pamusika.

Kana ikapihwa kusarudzo dzebhajeti, saka iwo mameseji kubva kune vanotakura akakodzera kutariswa, chete munyaya iyi zviri nani kusarudza mafemu eEuropean, uye kwete Turkish kana Taiwanese.

Muenzaniso wekutsiva mubatanidzwa webhora

Iwo wekutanga mutemo wekutsiva mavharuvhu ebhora kushandura kit, uye kwete zvakasiyana. Izvi zvinoshanda kune ese mamodheru emota. Basa racho rinoitwa zvinotevera zvinotevera:

• Mushini unosimudzwa pajack kana kusimudza;
• Iko kusungira mabhaudhi eiyo lever haina kukamurwa (unofanirwa kuita nhamburiko uye shandisa VD-40, sezvo tambo yacho inowanzo namatira). Hazvina kusunungurwa zvachose;
• Bhora rekugadzirisa bhaudhi harina kukamurwa;
• Rutsigiro rwakadzvanywa kunze kwechibhakera chibhakera uchishandisa chishandiso chakakosha, asi kana chisipo, sando nechizel zvinobatsira zvakakwana;
• Kana bhora rikadamburwa kubva chibhakera, unogona kusunungura zvachose lever;
• Ipo iyo lever yakabviswa, teerera kune zvinyararire (nezve izvo zvavari uye nei uchichinja, kutaurwa zvakasiyana);
• Mune lever, hinge yakagadziriswa neine yekuchengetedza mhete, uye bhuti inoiswa pamusoro. Izvi zvikamu zvinobviswa uye bhora rakagogodzwa kubva pachigaro;
• Rutsigiro rutsva rwakamanikidzwa kupinda mubhande, rakagadziriswa neringi rekuchengetedza, rakazorwa uye bhuti rakaiswa;
• Lever yakabatana ne-subframe uye mabhaudhi akabatwa, asi haana kusimbiswa zvakakwana (kuitira kuti gare gare zvingave nyore kusunungura mabhaudhi, nigrol inoiswa kune tambo);
• Munwe wetsigiro nyowani wakanangiswa kune chinosungirirwa muchibhakera (iwe unofanirwa kuedza kuita izvi);
• Bhaudhi yekusimbisa yakasungwa kusvika kumagumo;
• Iyo mota inoderedzwa uye lever fasteners inosimbiswa pasi pehuremu hwayo.

Maitiro acho anodzokororwa kune rimwe divi remuchina.

Heino vhidhiyo ipfupi yekuti maitiro anoitwa sei nemaziso:

SIMPLE BHORA KUCHINJA. # kugadzirisa mota "Garage Nha. 6"

Anobatsira matipi ebasa

Kuti udzivise kuputsika uye kugadziriswa kwechimbichimbi kune mubatanidzwa webhora, diki diki kuongororwa kunofanirwa kuitwa mukati menguva pakati pemazuva akarongwa ekugadzirisa. Panguva ino, chekutanga, kunoonekwa kutariswa kweanthers, nekuti pavanoputsa, chikamu chinorasikirwa nemafuta uye nejecha rejecha zvinopinda mubhora, izvo zvinomhanyisa kupfeka kwechinhu.

Zvishoma pamberi pezvi, tanga tatofunga imwe nzira iyo inobvumidza iwe kuona kupfeka kwe hinge - kusvetesa vhiri rakamisikidzwa nemabhureki. Sezvo chikamu chacho chiri kunyanya kusachengetedzwa, kana zvikanganiso zvikaonekwa, zvinongotsiviwa nechimwe chitsva.

Mutyairi anokwanisa kuchengeta kumiswa, kusanganisira rutsigiro, kana akasarudza zvimwe kana zvishoma zvikamu zvakatsetseka zvemugwagwa (kudarika maburi) uye achidzivirira kukurumidza kutyaira-munzira. Zvakare, vatyairi vazhinji vanoita chikanganiso chimwe pavanomhanya pamusoro pekumhanyisa bump. Vanobata bhureki kusvika kumberi kwemotokari kwadarika chipingamupinyi. Muchokwadi, iyo bhureki inofanira kusunungurwa vhiri risati rova ​​chipingamupinyi. Izvi zvinodzivirira mutyairi kubva mukuvhunduka kwakakomba kusvika pakusimiswa.

Muchokwadi, iyo bhora chikamu chakasimba chaizvo. Kana iwe ukashandisa mota nokungwarira, chikamu chinoramba chakasimba mukati menguva yese yakatarwa nemugadziri.

mhedziso

Saka, pasina mubatanidzwa webhora, kumiswa kwemota kwaisazokwanisa kubata nebasa rayo nemazvo. Zvaisaita kutyaira zvakanaka uye zvakanaka pamotokari yakadaro. Inofanira kuyeukwa kuti ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinoratidza kukundikana kwechikamu ichi. Kana yapera, chikamu chacho chinowanzoshandurwa kuva chitsva, asi kana chichidiwa uye nenguva yakakwana, bhora rinogona kudzorerwa. Paunosarudza bhora idzva, zvido zvinofanira kupiwa kune zvigadzirwa zvepakutanga kana mazita anozivikanwa.

Vhidhiyo pamusoro wenyaya

Pakupera kwewongororo yedu, isu tinokurudzira kuona vhidhiyo yemaitiro ebhora rinoshanda rinoshanda:

Ball joint diagnostics: muenzaniso wekushanda lever.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Unoziva sei kana yave nguva yekuchinja majoini ebhora? Zvakakodzera kuti uteerere kujoinhi yebhora kana vhiri richigogodza mota ichifamba, kutsika kwevhiri kunosakara zvisina kuenzana, creak inonzwika kana ichikona, mota inodhonzwa kudivi kana braking.

Chii chinonzi bhora rakabatana mumotokari? Iyi ndiyo pivot inochengetedza hubhu yevhiri kuruoko rwakamiswa. Ichi chikamu chinodzivirira vhiri kubva pakufamba mundege yakatwasuka uye inopa rusununguko mune yakatwasuka.

Sei bhora rejoini richitsemuka? Kuputika kwebhutsu, kupfeka nekuda kwekuremerwa kwakanyanya paunenge uchityaira kunze kwemugwagwa, kushaikwa kwemafuta, kuwedzera kubvumidzwa kwemunwe nekuda kwekupfeka kwechisikigo.