Chii chinonzi transfer kesi uye ndeichii

Iyo yekuchinjisa giya bhokisi chinhu chakakosha chakaiswa muSUVs uye mamwe marori. Kutenda kwaari, maekisi emberi uye ekumashure akabatana, izvo zvinobatsira mukukunda zvipingamupinyi. Tevere, funga nezve dhizaini maficha, chinangwa, ngatione kuti iyo dispenser inoshanda sei.

Chii chinonzi mota yekufambisa

Chinja giya bhokisi - chikamu chinogovera torque pakati pekutyaira uye inotyairwa maekisi, kana akati wandei. Uyewo, razdatka inokubvumira kuti udzime dhizha rinofambiswa, kuderedza uye kuwedzera chiyero chegiya, izvo zvinoreva kuti ine kusiyana kwayo, iyo inogona kuvharwa zvakaoma. Basa guru nderekuwedzera kuyambuka-nyika kugona kwemotokari uko pasina migwagwa zvachose. 

Sei mota ichiendeswa-panze 

Iyo yekuchinjisa kesi inonyanya kukosha kure-munzira. Nokuvharira musiyano wepakati, unobatanidza maekisero, uye nekuparadzira torque zvakaenzana pamasekisi. Kuti iwedzere kushanda mumabhiriji, inoshandisa iyo yekumira-mhete kusiyanisa kukiya. Razdatka yakapusa inoshanda nenzira yekuti kugoverwa patsva kwekuedza kunoitwa maererano nesisitimu "uko kune mutoro wakawanda pane vhiri". 

Zvemitambo yemotokari yakashongedzerwa neese-vhiri yekutyaira system, yaive kesi yekuchinjisa isina pasi yekumisikidza iyo yakambomiswa, inosunga zvakasimba maekisero maviri, ichigovera torque 50:50 kana imwe muyero. Mumota dzemazuva ano dzakadai, pachinzvimbo chenguva diki yekushambadzira, vanoshandisa "kutevedzera" muchimiro chemagetsi emagetsi, izvo zvinokonzeresa kutsvedza kana shanduko inopinza mumutoro uri pamakumbo. Kune mota dzine simba, ina-vhiri dhiraivha inodiwa kuti ubate zvakanyanya uye nekukurumidza kumhanyisa, uye chete kana iyo RCP ichishandiswa, imwe ekisero inogona kubviswa.

Chinjana kesi kesi

Iyo yakasarudzika yekudzika pasi yekufambisa kesi ine zvinotevera zvikamu:

• muviri wesimbi wakasungirirwa kumutumbi kana subframe kuburikidza nemakusheni;
• dhiraivha shaft - inotumira torque kubva kubhokisi regiya kuenda kumakadhian shafts;
• kusiyanisa kwepakati, uko kunogovera torque pakati pemakona;
• kusiyanisa kukiya - inogadzirisa torque yemabhokisi egiya;
• cheni kana giya;
• kamuri yemafuta;
• giya vhiri rekudzikisa giya uye zvakare synchronizer, iyo inobvumidza kumisikidza iyo "downshift" in kufamba;
• kudzora mashandiro (levers, servo drive, hydraulic drive);
• mugodhi rachulis kuti torque hutachiwana.

Muparadzi anoshanda seizvi:

• kubva kugearbox shank, torque inopfuudzwa kune yekuisa shaft yebhuku re gearbox, wozoenda kune vepakati nekuda kwekugara uchiita magiya maviri;
• iyo giya iri pane yegumi shaft inotakurika, saka painofamba, ina-vhiri dhiraivha inoitwa;
• ina-vhiri dhiraivha rinogoneswa.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzekupa

Nemhando yekushandisa, pane mana marudzi eanotapurirana echinyorwa:

• RCP ine coaxial shafts - iyo sisitimu inoshanda zvakanyanya, sezvo ichibvumira kushandiswa kweinochinjika yekupedzisira drive;
• ine misaligned driven shaft - inosiyaniswa nekuvimbika, kusavapo kweprom shaft, nekuda kweichi bhuku rekufambisa kuri compact;
• ine chivharo chekutyaira - yakanaka kune off-road, zvisinei, kuchave nekuwedzerwa kupfeka matayi panjanji nekuda kwekutsvedza kwerumwe rutivi rwemavhiri kana uchikona, kudzivirira izvi, ekisero yekumberi inodzimwa;
• razdatka ine musiyano - inobvumira mavhiri kutenderera nekumhanya kwakasiyana, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwekufamba mumugwagwa weasphalt mu4WD mode.

Mhando dzepakati kusiyanisa

Zvinoenderana neyakavharika mashandiro, kesi yekuchinjisa yakakamurwa muzvikamu zvinoverengeka:

• Haldex friction multi-plate clutch - inoshanda otomatiki kana rimwe remavhiri ratsvedza, mune iyi kesi maclutches anomanikidzwa uye kuvharika kwechikamu kunoitika, chikamu chenguva chinotamiswa kumashure kana kumberi axle. Inoshandiswa paSUVs uye SUVs;
• viscous coupling iri nyore, asi yakavimbika dhizaini, inosanganisira akati wandei disks uye silicone fluid. Madhisiki akabatanidzwa kumabhiriji, ane mutsauko mukutenderera kwavo, mvura inova viscous uye inovabatanidza, mavhiri mana anotenderera. Iyo inonyanya kukanganisa ndeyekupisa uye kusaita nguva isati yasvika;
• Torsen - inoshandiswa pamaSUV akazara, uko magiya ehonye ane basa rekuvharisa. Ivo vanotsvedza zvishoma, asi havafambisi inopfuura 80% ye torque, ichisiya 20% yeakisi yakadhonzwa. 

Chinjana nyaya yekudzora

Nechekuomarara kubatana kweParttime zambuko, sekutonga, kune lever ine ina modhi dzekushanda

• 2H - kutyaira kumberi kana kumashure ekisesi;
• 4H kana 4WD - mavhiri ose;
• N - kusarerekera, inoshandiswa kushandura kune downshift;
• 4L - iyo nzira yekushandisa mune inorema off-mugwagwa, uko kunodikanwa kudzikisa torque, ichipa zviri nani kutenderera pamakumbo.

Shift modes ine zvachose mana-mavhiri ekutyaira:

• H - ina-mavhiri dhiraivha, iyo nguva inogovaniswa otomatiki zvichienderana nekuremerwa pamavhiri kana maekisi;
• HL - mana-mavhiri dhiraivha + pakati musiyano kukiya;
• L0 kana LL - yakaderera gear nekuvhara;
• N - kwazvakarerekera.

Pane maSUV emazuva ano, lever yekutsiva yakatsiviwa newasher, uye servo inoitisa kuti modhi dzigadziriswe, uye iyo yakabatanidzwa yekuchinjisa kesi control unit inobatsira kusarudza iyo inodikanwa maitiro, zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakawanda.

Kukanganisa kukuru

Sezvo iyo yekuchinjisa kesi inoiswa pasi yakakwira mitoro panguva yekufamba kwemotokari, zvinhu zvavo zvinogona kusakara zvakanyanya kana zvisina kuchengetedzwa zvakanaka.

Heano akakanganisa makuru uye sarudzo dzekugadzirisa matambudziko:

Kushanda basa	Inoratidza sei	Maitiro ekugadzirisa
Magiya akagadziriswa zvisirizvo, lubrication diki, kupfeka giya	Kuungudza kwakasiyana kunonzwika paunenge uchityaira kumhanya kwazvo	Dzokorora huwandu hwemafuta, gadzirisa kumberi kana kumashure kusiyanisa
Iko pakati pebhokisi rekuchinjisa uye bhokisi rakavhiringidzika, iko kushomeka kwemabhaudhi kana ma flanges ekubatanidza, kusimbisa kusimba kwemabhaudhi eiyo kesi yekuchinjisa uye kutsigirwa kwegearbox, kusashanda kwecheni yakabatana, shaft yayo haina kudzikama, mabhaudhi ekusimbisa enjini anotsigiswa, kumberi kana kumashure kwekadhi haina kuenzana, musiyano wepakati hauna kuenzana.	Kana mota ichimhanyisa kana kutanga kufamba, kudengenyeka kunonzwika pasi (kutapurirana kubva kune yekufambisa kesi)	Ziva kuti ndechipi chikonzero chiri kushanda panguva ino; dzikamisa zvikamu, gadzirisa nemazvo michina inotsigira, simbisa mashandiro eiyo gearbox uye ruoko-kunze
Masiyiti akasiyanisa anotenderera akasimba, magiya jam mukati memusiyano wepakati, kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo yekushanda kwepasi repasi mune musiyano, ndiro yekusiyanisa yasakara	Ruzha kana kukona kana vhiri rekutyaira riri kutenderera	Tsiva dzakasakara zvikamu, tarisa giya giya
Misiyano yakapfekwa kana kusarongeka zvisizvo mushure mekumisikidzwa, hub kana imba yekubatira inobatwa, forogo kana tsvimbo yakakotama, yekuchinjisa kesi dhiraivha lever yakaremara kana kubatwa.	Zvekupokana kusiyanisa kukiya kunoitika	Tarisa huwandu hwemafuta, gadzirisa mashandiro, chinja magiya akapfeka
Kuvandudzwa kwemabatiro nemagiya pamazino, iyo tsime pane zvisungo zvakapunzika kana kurasikirwa nemidziyo yechirimo pazvisungo, izvo zvinhu zvekutyaira zvakaremara kana kuputswa, kuderera kwakaumbwa pane splines kana magiya ebhokisi, maburi mune yekuchinjisa kesi yekumisikidza yakawedzera, kufambisa kweiyo giya kwakange kwapfekwa kana kugadzirisa kwayo kwakaputswa.	Pane kumisikidza kwekumisikidza magiya	Tarisa kana iyo lever yekumira yakazorora ichipesana nezvinhu zvekune dzimwe nyika mukamuri revapfuuri, kuongorora, kutsiva magiya akapfeka, gadzirisa nenzira kwayo
Zvisimbiso zvemafuta zvakasakara uye zvisimbiso	Oiri iri kubuda	Tsiva gasket nekuisa chisimbiso zvinhu uye zvisimbiso

Izvo zvakakosha kuti utarise kuti kuwanda kwakawanda kunoguma nekutyorwa kwemafuta ekuchinja shanduko, pamwe nekushandisa zvisirizvo kwegearbox. Pamusoro pekugadziriswa kwakarongwa, kana kunyangwe kutsauka kudiki kuchioneka, zvakafanira kutarisa kusungwa kwemabhaudhi ekutsigira uye kuendesa mota kune nyanzvi kuitira kuti kuongororwa kwakazara kwemushini kuitwe.

Uye zvakare, nezve basa uye zvinokanganisa zvekupa, ona vhidhiyo:

Kugovaniswa kweNiva Vaz kugovera 21214.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pekesi yekuchinjisa negiya bhokisi? Iyo gearbox yakaiswa mumotokari dzese. Mugoveri anoiswa chete mumotokari ina-mavhiri kuti kunyange kugovera kwekudhonza pamwe chete nema axles.

Ndeipi basa rekutumira kesi? Zvichienderana nerudzi rwese-vhiri dhiraivha, iyo yekuchinjisa kesi inogovera torque pamwe neaxles uye inoiwedzera kuti ikunde kunze kwenzira mamiriro.

Ko transfer case yakaiswa papi? Iyo yekuchinjisa kesi inoiswa mushure meiyo gearbox. Shaft inobuda mairi, ichienda kune imwe dhiraivha ekisero. Iyo yekuchinjisa kesi nerubatsiro rwedownshift inokwanisa kuwedzera traction pane axle.

Imhandoi yemafuta yekuzadza mubhokisi rekutumira? Zvinoenderana nerudzi rwekutapurirana. Iwo ma mechanical versions anoshandisa mafuta ekufambisa. Kana yaiswa otomatiki kutapurirana, ipapo ATF inodururwa mukati me dispenser.