Chii chinonzi plunger vaviri mumota?

Kazhinji, vanamakanika, pavanenge vachitaura nezvekugadzirisa mafuru einjini yedhiziri, taura izwi rakadai seya plunger. Ngatikurukurei zvakadzama kuti rudzii rwechimiro, iko kusarongeka kwekushanda kwayo, nei kuchidikanwa, uye kuti kutadza kushanda kwepombi kunogadziriswa sei.

Chii chinonzi plunger?

Plunger maviri, sekureva kunoita zita rekuti, zvikamu zviviri zvidiki zvinopinda mune yakakwira yekumanikidza peturu pombi (jekiseni pombi) mudziyo. Yekutanga inonzi plunger uye inomiririrwa semunwe mukobvu, wakadzoserwa. Yechipiri sleeve yeplunger uye inoratidzika kunge sleeve ine mukobvu wakakomberedzwa umo chikamu chekutanga chakaiswa.

Iyo plunger kana pisitoni pachayo inoshanda seyakagadziriswa mafuta kubva mugwenzi. Ichi chinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira yakanyanya kumanikidza mune yekupa mafuta system tambo.

Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti iyi michina haina kushandiswa chete mumapombi enjini yedhiziri. Semuenzaniso, chinhu chakafanana chinoshandiswa mune yekuparadzira gasi mashini seye hydraulic anodzosera. Zvisinei, nheyo yekushanda kwezvigadziri yakafanana - kudzorera zviito zvinofambisa pisitoni mune ruoko, uye kuburikidza netsaona yekucheka nemakomba muzvikamu zviviri izvi, mvura inopinda mudumbu uye inoputirwa mumutsara mukuru.

Nheyo yekushanda uye marudzi

Iyo classic plunger pair inoshanda seinotevera:

• Iyo chitubu-yakatakura piston inowanikwa pasi pe sleeve;
• Iyo piston inotsikirirwa nekamera iri pane shaft;
• Pasi pechiito chemuchina, piston inokwira kumusoro mune sleeve;
• Munzvimbo iri pamusoro pepistoni, kudzvinyirirwa kwemafuta kunogadzirwa, iyo inopinda muhombodo kuburikidza neslot yakakosha mumadziro ayo;
• Kudzvinyirirwa kwemafuta kunotyaira valve, nekuda kwekuti zvinhu zvinofamba kubva kune sleeve kusvika kune reservoir (iyi inogona kuva njanji yemafuta kana kamuri yakasiyana mupombi yemafuta);
• Kubva mutangi, mafuta anopinda mumanozzles;
• Iyo shaft iri mupombi inotenderera, kamera inomira kudzvanya papiston, iyo inoiendesa kunzvimbo yakaderera nekuda kwechitubu.

Iyi dhizaini yakapfava inotsanangura kuti sei high pressure mafuta epombi zvichibva pamusimboti uyu akanyatsoshanda uye akasimba.

Nhasi, kugadziridzwa kuviri kweplunger pairi kunoshandiswa mumotokari (kunyangwe dhizaini yepombi yemafuta ine yakakura siyana). Ivo vanosiyana kubva kune mumwe nekuvapo kwe annular recess mu piston.

Mune plungers yakadaro, inotamba basa revhavhavhavha, iyo inounganidza kubuda kwemafuta uye inoidzosera kumutsara wemafuta. Plungers ane mafuta akachekwa-kubvisa anodhura zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuoma kwekugadzira. Asi mutengo uyu unodzikiswa nekushanda kwakanyanya kwemota.

Main zvazvakanakira nekuipira

Injini dzedhiziri dzave nemukurumbira kubva pakaunzwa pombi dzehutsi hwepamusoro dzine peya yeplunger mukugadzira kwayo. Zvinoshamisa zvehunyanzvi hunhu, kuita kwepamusoro kwemeshini uye kuvimbika kwakanyanya ndiwo mabhenefiti akakosha emuchina wakashongedzerwa neplunger pair.

Pamusoro pezvakanakira izvi, plunger ine zvinotevera zvakanakira:

• Nerubatsiro rwepairi yeplungers, zvinogoneka kwete chete kuve nechokwadi chekupihwa kwepamusoro-kudzvanywa mafuta uye dosage yayo, asi zvakare kuona iyo yakakodzera mafuta jekiseni modhi.
• Upfumi hwepamusoro nehukuru hwepamusoro.
• Kushamwaridzana kwepamusoro kwezvakatipoteredza nekuda kwekupisa kwechikamu chiduku chemafuta uye kupfapfaidza kwayo kwepamusoro-soro mumasilinda.

Chero michina ine zvinoipira, uye kune plunger pair iyi kupfeka. Kunyangwe iyi dhizaini iri nyore yakavimbika uye inogara kwenguva yakareba, mhedzisiro yekukweshana uye kudzvanywa kwepamusoro pazvinhu zvemashini haigone kubviswa. Plunger-pombi vanogadzira pombi yemafuta vanoshandisa yakakwira-simba zvinhu, asi kunyangwe ipapo kupfeka hakugone kudzivirirwa, kunyangwe mushure mekuwedzera hupenyu hwesevhisi.

Plunger peya jekiseni pombi

Tichakurukura zvakadzama mashandiro emapurunger maviri tichishandisa muenzaniso wepombi yedhiziri. Seizvo zita rinoratidzira, iyo pombi inodhonza mafuta edhiziri kubva mutangi huru kuenda kune yakakwira-yekumanikidza mutsara (semuenzaniso, kune peturu peturu), kubva kwainopfirirwa mumainjini einjini pasi pekumanikidza kwakasimba.

Chinhu chikuru chinogadzira kumanikidza kwakadai ingori plunger. Mafuta acho anobva aendeswa kumasirinda zvinoenderana nemagadzirirwo ehurongwa hwemafuta. Mhando dzemapombi dzakatsanangurwa mune imwe chinyorwa.

Munguva yekushandisa pombi, pusha tsvimbo uye actuator kudzoka matsime anofambisa iyo pisitoni kumusoro / pasi mukati meiyo plunger sleeve, nokudaro ichidzorera. Saka dhizaini inonwisa mafuta edhiziri kuburikidza nehosi kubva mutangi remafuta uye nekuipomba mutangi yakavharwa, nekuda kwekumanikidza kunoitwa mairi. Kudzivirira iyi paramende kubva mukuwedzera zvakanyanya, iyo pombi chishandiso ine mavhavha akati wandei akagadzirirwa kubata kana kurasira kumanikidza kwakanyanya muchirongwa.

Iyo pisitoni pachayo ine isina kuenzana slot, iyo inobvumidza kuti itore mafuta anopinda mutangi nekushomeka kwediki axial. Maitiro aya anoenderana nechinzvimbo cheiyo gasi rinokambaira mumota - iyo bhajeti shoma ndipo paanoburitsirwa accelerator, uye huwandu hwacho ndipo apo chinenge chichinyatso kushushikana.

Sezvo chiutsi ichi chinogadzira kumanikidza kwakanyanya kuti chisaputsike, chakagadzirwa nesimbi yakasimba, uye madziro acho akora zvakakwana kuti atsungirire kumanikidzwa kwemazana mazana emuchadenga. Izvi zvinoita kuti muchina uvimbike kunyangwe pasi pemitoro yakakura.

Chimwe chiitiko cheplunger vaviri ndechekuti mativi ese akagadzirwa chete kune mumwe nemumwe. Ndokunge, hazvibviri kutora bushing kubva kune imwe mashini uye pisitoni kubva kune imwe uye kuzvibatanidza. Kudzivirira hutsi kubva mukuisa mafuta edhiziri, mukaha urimo unogadzirwa kushoma sezvinobvira. Neichi chikonzero, chimwe chikamu hachina kumbotsiviwa - vaviri vacho vanogara vachichinja (ma parameter avo anogadziridzwa pane yepamusoro-chaiyo fekitori michina).

Heino vhidhiyo ipfupi yekuti mapurunger maviri akadzoreredzwa sei:

Zexel-KOMATSU plunger pair yekugadzirisa maitiro

Kurongeka kweiyo plunger vaviri

Huwandu hwemafuta hwakakonzerwa nepiston kutenderera zvinoenderana nehurefu hwekushanda kwayo sitiroko. Izvi zvinogadzirisa mashandiro epombi kuti ive nechokwadi chekumhanyisa. Asi kana mutyairi achingodzvanya peturu, iyo plunger inotendeuka zvishoma. Notch muchikamu ichocho yakawedzerwa, nekudaro, huwandu hwemafuta huchagoverwa muhuwandu hukuru.

Aya ndiwo mashandiro anoita akajairwa plunger. Nekudaro, nhasi kune akawanda mamodheru ayo anopa muyero munzira dzakasiyana zvishoma (kazhinji dzinodzorwa nemagetsi emuchina). Iyo plunger inosundira ivo pachavo inotyairwa nekutenderera kweye crankshaft.

Kana iyo pisitoni yadzikiswa, kuburikidza neinopinda yeiyo bushing, mafuta anofamba achipinda munzvimbo isina chinhu yeiyo pamusoro-pisitoni nzvimbo nekuda kweiyo vacuum iyo yakaumbwa mairi. Piston painongokwira, liner bore yakavharwa nemutumbi wepombi, uye mafuta anotsimbirira pavhavha, achiivhura. Kupfuurirazve, mafuta anopinda mune yakakwira yekumanikidza tangi. Kana iyo yekudzika kufamba ikatanga, vharuvhu inovhara, uye vharuvhu (kana vharuvhu) inoumbwa mudumbu replunger peya. Kutenderera kwacho kunozvidzokorora.

Kubuda mavharuvhu

Imwe neimwe yepamusoro-yekumanikidza peturu pombi yakagadzirirwa nemagetsi ekumanikidza, donzvo rekuvhara chikamu chemutsara umo mafuta ari kuzorora kubva kune iyo iyo dhiziri yatove pasi pekumanikidzwa. Zvakare, mavhavha anodikanwa kuti achengetedze yakadzvanya musisitimu (iyo injini ichimhanya, pombi inoramba ichipomba mafuta edhiziri mutangi) - ivo vanokanda zvakawandisa zvakare mutangi remafuta.

Kune akatiwandei emhando dzekuburitsa mavharuvhu ayo anoshandiswa mupombi dzemvura. Heano maitiro avo akasarudzika.

Constant vhoriyamu vharafu pasina kudzoka kuyerera kurambidzwa

Dhizaini yevhavha iyi inosanganisira iyo yekudzosa pisitoni (chikamu chevhavha dhizaini). Kana iyo plunger yasimudzwa, iyo yemhepo slot yakavharwa neiyo bushing muviri, iyo yekuyerera vharuvhu yakavharwa. Iyo pisitoni inofamba ichipinda mutanda ruoko mutungamiriri.

Panguva ino, icho chikamu chetambo chakatemwa, umo kumanikidza kwakanyanya kunoumbwa kubva kune supra-plunger mhango. Nekuda kweizvi, huwandu hwemafuta mumudziyo wepamusoro-wekumanikidza unowedzera zvisina basa - chete nemari yakapinda kuburikidza nepisiton yekudzosera pisitoni mudumbu repiston sitiroko.

Yakagadziriswa vhoriyamu vharuvhu nekudzoka kuyerera kuyerera

Kana mafuta atomized kuburikidza nemuromo, mushure mekuvhara tsono, yekudzoserera yekumanikidza inogadzirwa mumutsara. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira kupfeka pane imwe yevhavha pachayo. Neichi chikonzero, mamwe mapombi mhando anoshandisa backflow inodzora vharuvhu. Inoita senge damper yekudzivirira kumashure kumanikidza kubva pakuita pamavhavha.

Chigadzirwa chevhavha yekubvisa yakadaro inosanganisira zvinhu zvinotevera:

• Muviri wevharuvhu wakasungwa (unosungirirwa muchimiro chepombi);
• Chitubu chinoshanda sechinhu chinonyorova icho chinodzivirira mhedzisiro yakaipa pane damper blade pachayo;
• Plate - inocheka iyo yakanyanya kumanikidza mhango kubva mudumbu pamusoro penzvimbo yepunger;
• Anobata pamusoro payo iyo vharuvhu ndiro inozadza (ine mhango mamiriro - yekuendesa pisitoni inopinda mudumbu).

Kazhinji, aya mavhavha anoshandiswa seimwe yekuwedzera mashandiro ekufambisa mashandiro evhavha yekutarisa.

Kugara uchimanikidza vharuvhu

Mukuwedzera kune zvakakosha zvevharuvhu, chishandiso chemuchina uyu chinosanganisirawo bhora uye chiteshi chinodzora. Aya mavhavha anokwanisa kuburitsa kumanikidzwa kwemafuta zvakapfuura mazana 800 ebhawa.

Dhizaini yayo inosanganisira maviri mini mavhavha - kumanikidza uye kudzikama. Yekutanga chinhu chinopa mafuta, uye chechipiri inochengetedza iyo inogadzirwa kumanikidza. Iri basa rinoitendera kuti irambe iine static kumanikidza pakati pezvikamu zvejekiseni.

Shanduko yevhavha inoenderana nezvinodiwa zveinjini mumota. Mimwe mavhavha haakonzerwe nemakanika, asi nechiratidzo chinouya kubva kune yemagetsi control unit.

Chiyero uye chinangwa chekushanda

Chaizvoizvo, plunger pair inoshandiswa mumapombi emagetsi emagetsi edhiziri, asi pane zvakare kugadziridzwa kwepeturu ICE inoda kudzvanywa kwepetroli (semuenzaniso, muinjini dzine jekiseni rakananga), iro rinopihwawo neplunger. vaviri.

Muchiitiko ichi, plunger pair inoita zvinotevera mabasa:

1. Inopa yakanyanya kudzvanywa mafuta ekupa, zvisinei nerudzi rwemafuta system;
2. Mune mamwe masisitimu emafuta, chigadziriso ichi chinongotora huwandu hwakakodzera hwemafuta ekushanda kwemajekiseni;
3. Pamusana pekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvepiston uye sleeve, inopa kuchinja kwemaitiro ekupa mafuta kune majekiseni.

Kuti iyo plunger pair iite ese aya mabasa, inoshandiswa neakasiyana-siyana ekuwedzera masisitimu anopa otomatiki uye kutonga kwemafuta ekupa. Musangano wakakosha wepombi yepamusoro-yekudzvanya mafuta inogadzira kudzvanywa kunodiwa (nekuda kwemaitiro ekugadzira, iyi dhizaini inobvumira kumanikidza kwakadai zvekuti hapana imwe pombi yehukuru uhu inogona kubata), uye zvimwe zvinhu zvehurongwa zvine basa rekugovera. uye kuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kunodiwa mudunhu.

Sezvo plunger peya kunyange madiki saizi anogona kugadzira incredible pressure, mayuniti akadaro anoshandiswa kwete chete muinjini dzedhiziri. Semuenzaniso, gungano rakadaro rinogona kuwanikwa mumapombi, hydraulic machines nedzimwe nzira dzinoita kuti dziwedzere kudzvinyirira uye dzinoda kuvimbika kwakanyanya kwegungano.

Zvinoumba mashandiro epurunger maviri epombi peturu

Iko hakuna nhanho dzakakosha dzekushandira iyo plunger peya yepombi yemafuta. Nekudaro, muridzi wemota anogona kuita chimwe chinhu kuti iyo mashini ishande sekureba sezvinobvira.

Kutanga, zvakakosha kufunga kuti injini yedhiziri inomhanya pane yakasarudzika huni, iyo inogona kuve nenhamba huru yezvinhu zvidiki. Kana iwe ukashandisa yakaderera mhando dhiziri peturu, ipapo musiyano uripo pakati pe plunger uye bushing ungawedzera nekuda kwezvinyorwa zvehasha tudonhwe, mvura nezvimwe zvisina kuchena mune dhiziri mafuta.

Neichi chikonzero, iro chete basa iro muridzi wemota raanogona kuita nderekutarisa mhando yemafuta, kudzivirira kudzikama mumutsara uye kuchinja firita munguva.

Pakutanga, kuvapo kwemadonhwe emvura mudhiziri hakuratidzike sekushushikana, asi nekuda kweizvi, iyo firimu yemafuta iri muhari yeplunger pair ichawa, uye mashandiro haazokwanise kuumba yakaringana kumanikidza. Zvakare, mafuta edhiziri anozodza huni dzezvikamu, kudzivirira kukweshera kana pakaoma, uye kuchengetedza mudziyo kubva pakupisa.

Kana iyo firita yemafuta isina kuchinjwa munguva, chinhu chayo chinogona kuputika. Nekuda kweizvi, mafuta akasviba anozopurwa nepombi, mune zvidimbu zvidiki zvinogona kunge zviripo. Muchiitiko ichi, pane mukana wepamusoro wekutadza kwepombi, nekuti iwo mapaipi anongomhara.

Maitiro ekuona kusashanda kwemaplunger maviri pachako

Kugadzikana kwesimba remuchina simba kunoenderana nekushanda chaiko kweparage plunger. Sezvo iyi michina iri chinhu chikuru chejekiseni pombi, kusashanda kwayo kunotungamira mukusagadzikana kushanda kwepombi, kana kunyangwe kukundikana kwayo.

Kuti utarise kushanda kwepombi, iwe uchafanirwa kuiongorora. Mazhinji mashopu ekugadzirisa ane michina yakakosha yeichi. Iyo inokutendera iwe kuti uone kuti chii chaizvo kusashanda kuri - kunyangwe kuona mamiriro eiyo plunger peya. Maererano nemigumisiro diagnostics, nyanzvi achapa zvakakodzera kugadzirisa. Kana iyo plunger ikakundikana, iyo kitu yese inofanira kutsiviwa.

Kukanganisa zviratidzo

Icho chokwadi chekuti pane matambudziko neaya plunger zvinoratidzwa ne "zviratidzo" hunhu hwekuparara kwepombi yemafuta. Pakati pavo:

• Kutanga kuoma kwechikamu;
• Injini isina kugadzikana idle kumhanya;
• Injini katatu;
• Kurasikirwa kwakapinza kwemagetsi enjini epasi;
• Munguva yekushanda kweinjini, ruzha rwekunze rwunonzwika zvakajeka;
• Yakawedzera "makaro" emota.

Ongororo yekuwedzera inoongorora musiyano uripo pakati peye inotonhora uye inopisa plunger bvunzo:

Dhiziri rinotanga kutonhora. Uye hazvizotanga kupisa. dhiziri plunger peya.

Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti plunger haina kukwana, mumwe haafanire skimp pane kuongororwa. Nyanzvi chete nerubatsiro rwehunyanzvi michina vanokwanisa kunyatso kuona kusashanda. Kutenda neizvi, mutengo wekugadzirisa ucharuramiswa - haufanire kuchinja zvikamu zvinoshanda kwenguva yakareba.

Vhidhiyo pamusoro wenyaya

Vhidhiyo iyi inoratidza maitiro ekudzoreredza plunger peya:

Plunger pair VRZ 149701-0520 Rotor Head Mitsubishi 4M41 yakawana plunger pair

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Chii chinoita plunger pair? Iyo plunger pair inoshandiswa mune yakanyanya kudzvinyirira mafuta pombi. Ichi chishandiso chinopa iyo yakanyanya kudzvanywa yeanoshanda mafuta kuendesa kune masilinda.

Chii chinonzi plunger assemblies? Ichi ndicho chinhu chikuru chepombi yejekiseni, iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumajini edhiziri. Iyo inosiyaniswa nekunakidza kwayo kupusa kwekugadzira, kusimba uye kuvimbika.

Chii chinosanganisirwa muPlunger Pair? Vaviri ava vane piston inowanikwa mugwenzi gobvu-ine madziro (cylinder). Pane zvishoma kubvumidzwa pakati pavo kuve nechokwadi chemahara piston kufamba.