Chii chinonzi mafuta firita uye ndeyei uye sei yekusarudza

Munguva yekugadzirisa, varidzi vemotokari vanotarisana nedambudziko remafuta sefa kune otomatiki kutapurirana injini. Iyo oiri sefa sosi haina chaiyo yakakosha, uye inoshandurwa pamwe chete neoiri injini, zvichienderana nehurongwa hwekugadzirisa. Nezve izvo mafirita, musimboti wekushanda uye kuti iyo mafuta sefa inoshanda sei, uye kuti ungachinja sei - verenga.

Chii chinonzi mafuta firita

Sefa yemafuta mudziyo unochenesa mafuta kubva kune yakasviba michina uye shavings, ichichengetedza zvivakwa zvayo mukati mehupenyu hwese hwebasa. Sefa inodzivirira kushandurwa kwemafuta kuita musanganiswa unokonzeresa, uyo unokanganisa nzvimbo dzekukwiza dzenzvimbo dzakakwenenzverwa.

Sefa ine zvinhu zvinotevera:

• muviri (kana girazi risina kupihwa muinjini) rine makamuri akati wandei uye chiteshi chimwe chine tambo inokwira;
• Simbiso muviri;
• Sefa chinhu, icho chakagadzirwa neakasarudzika bepa riine imwe chinzvimbo, ichichengetedza tsvina uye zvimwe zvidimbu Kuti kuwedzere nzvimbo yekushanda, bepa chinhu chakamanikidzwa kuita akodhiodhoni, uye zvakare ine impregnation yakasarudzika isingatenderi pepa kudzikira pasi pesimba remafuta;
• yokunzvenga vharafu. Chikamu chakakosha chesefa yekudzivirira mafuta nzara yeinjini. Mafuta anotonhora anonyanya kuoneka, firita haikwani, saka vharafu inopfuura nemafuta, zvichitevera pfungwa yekuti uniti ichashanda zvirinani nemafuta akasviba pane kusatomboita. Paunosvika pakushanda kwekushanda, oiri inosvinwa;
• vharuvhu inopesana-yekudhonza inofanirwa kudzivirira mafuta kubva mukudzora zvakare mufaera, kuitira kuti kana injini yatanga, mafuta anoyerera pakarepo kunzvimbo dzinokwesha;
• chitubu chakabata vharuvhu kana mota isiri kumhanya.

Mashandiro anoita mafuta firita: musimboti wekushanda

Nheyo yekushanda kwesefa yakajairwa iri nyore: kana injini yatangwa, pombi yemafuta inotanga kushanda, iyo inotora mafuta kubva sump. Mafuta anopisa anopinda musefa imba, anopfuura nepakati pechinhu chebepa, zvino, pasi pesimba rekumanikidza, anopinda mugero remafuta - kutenderera kunoitika nguva dzese injini yekupisa iri kushanda. Iyo sefa inouya mukushanda nekumanikidza kwe0.8 bar.

Nenzira, iyo-anti-drain vharafu inogona kutyora pane yakaderera-mhando mafirita, nekuda kwekuti iyo oiri yekumanikidza chiratidzo pane yechiridzwa paneli ichapenya kwemasekondi mashoma. Rambi rinodzima nekukurumidza kana mafuta atanga kuyerera zvakasununguka kuburikidza nemusefa. Mune ino kesi, iyo firita chinhu chinofanira kutsiviwa, zvikasadaro nzara yemafuta ichawedzera kupfeka kwezvikamu zvekuzora.

Ndeapi mafirita emafuta

Mafirita emafuta ane zvakawanda zvinogadziriswa, zvinopesana kwete chete muhukuru uye kuvapo kweimba, asi nenzira yekuchenesa:

• mechanical - yakajairika, ine nyore dhizaini;
• gravitational. Sump inoshandiswa pano, neimwe nzira, muenzaniso unokatyamadza - mota yemota "Volga" ZMZ-402, panoshandiswa firita yakadaro. Iyo firita chinhu chinoiswa mune yesimbi kesi, inova zvakare sump. Izvi zvinoderedza kusvibiswa kwefirita, zvichisiya zvinonamira pamadziro edzimba;
• centrifugal. Iyo inoshandiswa pamarori nedzimwe mota dzekutengesa dzine yakakwira vhoriyamu injini dzedhiziri. Rotor uye ekisero zvinoshandiswa mukati me centrifugal firita dzimba.Oiri inoputirwa mukati mecentrifuge kuburikidza nemakomba ekisero ari pasi pekumanikidza kukuru, nekuda kwekuti mafuta acho anokurumidza kucheneswa nekukanda tsvina.

Ungasarudza sei firita yemafuta

Mazhinji mafirita emafuta akafanana kune mamwe. Ruzhinji rune mukana wekuchinjika, kunyanya kune mota dzemhando imwechete yemota. Iyo yemagetsi katarogu yezvipenga zvikamu zvemota yako zvinokutendera iwe kuti usarudze chaiyo firita chinhu, kwaunowana chikamu pamwe nenhamba inodiwa yekatalog. Kana iwe usiri kuronga kuisa iyo yekutanga firita, saka chero eparutivi zvikamu katarogu inokupa iwe yakafanana nenhamba iyi.

Nemhando yekuvaka: apa iwe unogona kuona neziso kuti ndeipi firita yakaiswa pamota yako, kazhinji kacho iri kesi firita kana yekuisa. Rudzi rwechipiri runofanirwa kuve rakapetwa nerinosimbisa rabha yekusimbisa muviri. 

Kuchenesa nzira: kazhinji mhando yechimakanika inoshandiswa. Kune motokari dzinofamba vanhu, mhando iyi inoenderana nebasa racho, kunyanya kana mafuta emhando yepamusoro aine marara mashoma achishandiswa.

Thread mhando: metric kana inch. Metric icharatidzwa se "M20x1.5", uko "M20" ndiko ukobvu hweshinda, uye "1.5" ndiyo inokwidza mumm. Kare, rudzi rwe inch (American standard) UNC - coarse pitch uye UNF - yakanaka pitch yakakunda, semuenzaniso 1/2-16 UNF inoreva hafu yeinch shinda ine pitch ye16 shinda painch.

Bandwidth chinhu chinokosha. Iyo nuance iri muchokwadi chekuti matura emakatalogi anowanzo sarudza mafirita zvichienderana nehukuru uye dhayamita yeshinda, pasina kufunga nezvekubuda. Muenzaniso pane Infiniti FX35, V6 VQ35DE injini: zvikamu katalogi inopa iyo yekutanga nhamba 15208-9F60A. Iyi sefa inoshanda zvakanaka ne 1.6-2.5 injini, haina kukwana kune 3.5-litre injini, kunyanya munguva yechando, injini inotanga kushanda kwenguva yakareba isina sefa. Nenguva isipi izvi zvinotungamirira kukukundikana kwemotokari nekuda kwekushanda pamafuta ane tsvina. 

Iyo firita 15208-65F0A inokodzera hunhu hweiyo nzira, iyo inoshanda sezvingatarisirwa. Naizvozvo, teerera kune saizi saizi uye hunhu. 

Sefa vagadziri uye mapaketi

Kubva pamakore mazhinji eruzivo, vanofarira mota uye nhepfenyuro dzebasa dzakaburitsa vagadziri vakanakisa mafirita emafuta: 

• chepakutanga - mugadziri wezita rimwe chete, achivimbisa 100% kutevedzera maitiro uye mhando;
•  Mahle/Knecht, MANN, PURFLUX ndivo vanogadzira vanogadzira vane basa remhando yezvigadzirwa uye vanonyanya hunyanzvi hwesefa zvinhu;
• Bosch, SCT, Sakura, Fram ndivo vagadziri vakanyanya muchikamu chemhando yemitengo. Kubva pane ruzivo, mafirita akadaro anobatawo zvizere nemabasa avo;
• Nevsky sefa, BIG FILTER, Belmag - isingadhuri vagadziri veRussia, inogona kuiswa pamotokari dzepamba, pamwe nemotokari dzekare dzekunze;
• kurongedza mafemu - Nippars, Hans Pries, Zekkert, Parts-Mall. Zvakaoma kutaura nezvemhando yepamusoro, sezvo makambani ekurongedza anoshanda nevagadziri vakasiyana, saka bhokisi rinogona kuve remhando yepamusoro kana zvinopesana.

Muchiitiko chesafa yemafuta inoshandura makiromita e7000-15000 ese, zvirinani kuisa iwo ekutanga kana eprimiyamu. Mutengo wechigadzirwa unozobhadhara, asi iko kusevha kunotungamira kune anodhura mhedzisiro. 

Isa firita nyowani

Kutsiva iyo firita yemafuta inoitwa panguva yekugadzirisa maitiro Kuchinja kuri nyore:

• kana iyo firita iri kesi firita, saka shandisa kiyi kuibvarura, wozoisunungura neruoko. Mukushayikwa kwekiyi, iyo firita dzimba inogona kuboorwa nechisviniro, zvobva zvabviswa nyore neruoko. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzadze iyo firita dzimba nemafuta kuitira kusabvisa kutanga kwemotokari "yakaoma". Sefa nyowani yakasungwa neruoko kudzivirira tambo dzakabviswa
• Sefa yekuisa iri nyore kuchinja. Nyaya yacho inowanzove iri pamusoro. Bvisa chivharo chepurasitiki uye tora chakashandiswa firita chinhu. Muviri unoda kupukutwa nemucheka wakaoma, kusasanganisa tsvina uye zvisikwa zvemishini. Isa firita nyowani muchigaro, pfeka O-mhete nyowani pabutiro. 

Nzira yekuchengeta sei iyo nyowani firita kushanda?

Pakutanga, iwe unofanirwa kutenga yepamusoro-firita inozonyatso kubata nemitoro. Kana mileage yemotokari yako iri pamusoro pe100 km, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa flush panguva inotevera yekuchinja kwemafuta, pamwe nekubvisa pani yekuwacha nekuchenesa yekudyira skrini. Mushure meizvozvo, zvishoma ivhu zvichachengetwa pane iyo firita, zvichiteerana, kuburitsa kwayo kunoramba kwakadzikama. 

Kana uchitanga injini kutonhora, kunyanya munguva yechando, usabvumire kuti imhanye kumhanya kwakanyanya, zvikasadaro iyo firita chinhu chinomanikidza pasi pesimba rehigh pressure.

mhedziso

Iyo sefa yemafuta ndiyo inonyanya kukosha chikamu cheinjini, ichibvumira mafuta kuti ashande akachena. Izvo zviwanikwa zvesimba remagetsi uye kushandiswa kwemafuta zvinoenderana nazvo. Inokurudzirwa zvakanyanya kushandisa zvikamu zvepakutanga, nekudaro kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakaringana kweinjini yekupisa mukati uye system yemafuta.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Sefa yemafuta inoshandiswa nei? Ichi chinhu cheiyo lubrication system, iyo inovimbisa kucheneswa kwemafuta kubva mukupisa uye simbi shavings, iyo inoratidzika semhedzisiro yekushanda kwemaitiro akasiyana muyuniti.

Ndeapi mafirita anoshandiswa kuchenesa mafuta? Kune izvi, mafirita akazara-akazara ane bepa sefa element, gravity mafirita ane sedimentation matangi, centrifugal uye magineti anoshandiswa.

Chii chinonzi sefa yemafuta? Ichi chinhu, kazhinji chiri muchimiro chegorobhu. Chinhu chesefa chinoiswa mukati maro, chinova nechokwadi chekupinda kwemafuta akasviba uye kubuda kweiyo yakacheneswa.