Chii chinonzi chiteshi chengoro?

Chiteshi chengoro mhando yemuviri wemotokari. Iwo echinyakare sedan ane akawedzera mukwende nzvimbo. Panzvimbo peyakajairwa bhutsu muvharo, rimwe gonhi rakaiswa pamadziro ekumashure emuviri. Mishini yakadaro inosanganisa modhi yekutakura vafambi uye nhumbi dzakakura.

Kwenguva yekutanga, ngoro dzakazara dzechiteshi dzakatanga kugadzirwa mukupera kwema1940. Makambani ekutanga kushandisa rudzi urwu rwemuviri muzvigadzirwa zvavo ndePlymouth neWyllis. Yakawana kunyanya kufarirwa munguva kubva kuma1950s kusvika kutanga kwema1980 muAmerica. Vanhu vaida mota, asi panguva imwechete mota dzakakura.

Zvichienderana nehunyanzvi hunhu hweinjini, kufambisa uye kumisa, idzi mota dzinogona kutakura vanhu vashanu (kusanganisira mutyairi) uye zvinorema zvine huremu hwese hunosvika kumakirogiramu chiuru nemazana mashanu.

Iko chiteshi chengoro chinotaridzika sei

Vazhinji vagadziri, kugadzira rondedzero nyowani, shandisa vhiri rimwe chete (chinhambwe pakati pemakona emavhiri), pane ayo akaiswa marudzi akasiyana emuviri: chiteshi chengoro, coupe, hatchback, liftback uye sedan. Chiteshi chengoro chinowanzo kuve chirefu chakareba pane urwu runyorwa.

Iyo mota inogona kusiyaniswa zviri nyore nedenga rayo refu, iro rinogara richipera nemusuwo muhombe unovhura kumusoro. Pamativi, mazhinji mamodheru ane madhoo maviri padivi rega. Dzimwe nguva pane matatu-masuo sarudzo (maviri pamativi uye imwe ye trunk). Kashoma kuona mamodheru ane trunk muvharo yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri, kuvhura kwete kumusoro, asi kudivi.

Mamwe maAmerican station ngoro ane akapatsanurwa muswe, imwe chikamu chinovhura uye imwe ichivhura pasi. Shanduko iyi inokutendera kuti utakure mitoro mirefu pasina chikonzero chekuchengetedza mupanda wemikwende. Mumichina yakadaro, bhanhire harina kubwinya.

Musuwo wekumashure unogona kutwasuka. Mune iyi vhezheni, mota ine basa rakakura, nekuti zvichakwanisika kutakura mitoro yakawanda ine maakona akakodzera mukati mayo. Uyu unogona kunge uri muchina wekuwachisa, firiji, zvinhu zvakarongedzwa mumakadhibhokisi mabhokisi. Dzimwe nguva vatyairi vanoshandisa mota yakadai kutakura zvinhu zvakakura kudarika huwandu hwe trunk. Panyaya iyi, apo kutyaira yakawanda muguruva uye chiutsi magasi anopinda mukamuri mufambi.

Iko kune kugadziriswa neyakarerekera kumashure skid. Vagadziri vanogadzira mota dzakadai kwete chete nekuda kwechitarisiko chinoratidzika. Iyo eerodynamic zvivakwa zvemota dzakadai dzakakwirira kupfuura iyo yakasarudzika chiteshi ngoro ine rectangular trunk.

Ndeupi musiyano uripakati pechiteshi chengoro yemuviri

Zviteshi zvengarava ndezvechikamu chemotokari dzinoshanda. Ivo vanowanzo sarudzwa nevamiriri vemabhizinesi madiki avo vanofarira kuchengetedza mari pakuunzwa kwezvinhu. Zvakare, urwu rudzi rwemuviri rwakanakira mhuri hombe dzinoenda parwendo rurefu.

Chiteshi chengoro chakafanana chaizvo neakakanganiswa. Naizvozvo, dzimwe nguva mutengi anogona kuvhiringidza idzi shanduko. Heano maitiro avo akasiyana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe:

	Wagon	Hatchback
Roof	Kusvetuka, kazhinji kwakatsetseka	Smoothly slopes down to the bumper at the level of the rear seat backs
Trunk	Yakakura kwazvo mune yemhando renji (unogona kutakura firiji inosvika pamamirimita maviri.)	Yakakwana sarudzo yemikwende diki
Chimiro chemuviri	Kazhinji kazhinji ine yakajeka mitsara	Yakashongedzwa, yakatarisika kutarisa
Kureba	Yakarebesa mhando yemuviri mune iyo renji	Inogona kunge yakafanana kana ipfupi pane iyo sedan

Chiteshi chengoro chakasiyana nedhorobha, kusimudza uye coupe mune kuti mukati uye trunk zvakasanganiswa mairi. Mumamiriro akapetwa ezvigaro zvekumashure, mota yakadai inoshandiswa kutakura vafambi. Zvichienderana nekugadzirwa kwemota, huwandu hweturu mairi hunogona kusvika mazana matanhatu emarita. Inenge yakapetwa kaviri apo mutsetse wekumashure unovhurwa.

Nezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza, mumamodheru emazuva ano, yakaoma kana yakapfava mesh yakaiswa pakati pevapfuuri ne trunk. Iyo inokutendera iwe kushandisa iyo yese trunk nzvimbo pasina njodzi yekukuvara kune vekuseri vafambi.

Ndedzipi mhando dzechiteshi ngoro

Kunyangwe ichokwadi chekuti station wagon imhando yemuviri wakasiyana, ine akati wandei ma subcategories. Idzo dzinowanzogadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa chaizvo zvevatyairi vakasiyana. Chikamu chega chega chine stylistic yayo maitiro, nhanho yekunyaradza, kunyangwe yemitambo.

Heano mapoka ese generalists akakamurwa kuita:

1. Classic station wagon. Mota yakadaro ine hombe, yakadudzwa kumashure kwepamusoro, uye muviri unotaridzika senge aquarium (ine yakawanda glazing). Muviri wakanyatsojeka maviri-vhoriyamu (iyo hood uye chikamu chikuru chinomira kunze), uye gonhi rekumashure kazhinji rinenge rakamira rakamira. Mune mamwe mamodheru, gonhi rekumashure rinogona kusungirirwa nemashizha maviri. Dzimwe nguva kureba kwemuviri weiyo classic station wagon kwakakwira zvichienzaniswa neiyo modhi yakafanana mumuviri we sedan.
2. Hardtop station wagon. Chinhu chakasiyana chekugadziriswa kwakadaro ishoma nhamba yezvipembenene mumuviri (chaizvoizvo, hapana B-mbiru, senge mune zvinoshandurwa). Kumashure kupenya kwepanoramic type. nekuda kwezvinodiwa zvakasimba zvekuchengetedzwa kwemotokari, mienzaniso yakadaro haisati yagadzirwa, sezvo panguva ye rollover avo vari mu cabin havana kudzivirirwa kubva mukukuvara.
3. Kupfura Brake station wagon. Muchikamu ichi, kunyanya matatu-masuo echiteshi ngoro. Ivo vashoma utilitarian uye kazhinji mitambo. Kuenzaniswa neyekare chiteshi ngoro, iyi shanduko yakapfupikiswa zvishoma. Panyaya yekugadzira, mamodheru aya anowana tailgate yetsika nekuda kweaerodynamics.
4. Crossovers. Kunyangwe rudzi urwu rwemuviri ruchitora yakaparadzana niche pakati pechinyorwa chemhando dzemiviri, zvinoenderana nemutemo wenyika dzakawanda uye zviri pamutemo ndezvechikamu chechiteshi chengoro (maviri-vhoriyamu chimiro chemuviri chine inenge yakamira tailgate). Mhando dzakadaro ndedzekirasi yakaparadzana nekuda kwekubvumidzwa kwayo kwepasi.
5. Ngoro dzemitambo. Kazhinji, muviri wakadaro unofanana neGran Turismo modhi pane utilitarian utility mota. Muchokwadi, aya macoupe akareba ari nyore kutakura vafambi.
6. Vans. Chinhu chakasarudzika chemhando idzi dzechiteshi ngoro kusavapo kwekupenya mumutsara wekumashure wezvigaro. Panzvimbo pegirazi, mapaneru asina chinhu anoiswa. Chikonzero ndechekuti hapana zvigaro zvevafambi mumotokari yakadai. Kazhinji, mavhani akadaro ndeyekuvandudza kweiyo classic station wagon, kunyanya yekutakura mitoro.

Station wagon uye hatchback. Ndeipi misiyano?

Musiyano wakakosha pakati pechiteshi ngoro uye hatchback ndiko kugona kwenzvimbo yekutakura. Kune ngoro dzechiteshi (kazhinji dzinogadzirwa pahwaro hwe sedan, asi nemhando yakasiyana yekutakura mitoro, yakasanganiswa nemukati), kureba kwekumashure kwepamusoro hakuna kuchinjika, izvo zvisingagoni kutaurwa nezve hatches. Naizvozvo, hatchback ine trunk diki kunyangwe nesofa rekumashure rakavhurwa.

Zvikasadaro, aya marudzi emitumbi akafanana - ane imwechete yekumashure chirongwa, mikana yakakwana yekushandura kabhini kuita hunde hombe. Zvakare, zvigadziriso izvi zvine zvipingamupinyi zvakafanana.

Misiyano yakakosha pakati pemhando idzi dzemiviri ndeiyi:

• Iyo hatchback ine yakawedzera dhizaini yekumashure dhizaini, nekuti haina kurodzwa kuti ikwane.
• Hatchbacks inowanzoita mitambo.
• Iyo station wagon haina kuzara.
• Iyo hatchback inowanzova chikamu chemuviri wakaparadzana mumutsara, uye chiteshi chengoro kazhinji kazhinji pane kwete sedan yakadhirowewa zvishoma ine yakagadziridzwa trunk lid uye yakasiyana C-pillar chimiro. Mune bhajeti mhando, chiteshi ngoro inotowana kumashure optics kubva kune sedan.

Station wagon vs hatchback. Ndeipi sarudzo yakanakisisa?

Sarudzo yemhando yakakwana yemuviri kune mumwe mutyairi inonyanya kukanganiswa nezvaanoda. Zvinonyanya kushanda kusarudza chiteshi kana mutyairi achida:

1. Mota yemhuri yekamuri;
2. Kazhinji kutakura mitoro yakakura;
3. Chengetedza zvinhu zvinotakurwa kubva kumamiriro ekunze akaipa;
4. Mota yakazara-yakazara inokwanisa kutakura zvakanaka kutakura yakazara mutakuri compartment uye mukwende kune mumwe nemumwe wavo;
5. Universal mota yenguva dzese;
6. Tenga bhajeti rekushandisa mota.

Asi panzvimbo yechiteshi ngoro, zvingave nani kutenga hatchback kana:

1. Tinoda mota ine kamuri ine humiro hushoma hwemuviri kuitira kuti zvive nyore kushandisa mota mumamiriro emudhorobha;
2. Unoda mota ine nzvimbo, asi isina nyaradzo (kwete munhu wese akasununguka kutyaira kana zvinhu kubva muhunde zvakarembera pamusoro pemisoro yavo);
3. Imwe mota inofambika nekuda kwekurembera kumashure zvishoma;
4. Tinoda mota ine mukurumbira, asi isingaite zvishoma;
5. Yakanakisa aerodynamics ine dhizaini yemitambo inotarisirwa kubva kumota.

Iwo anotengeka zvakanyanya station wagon

Motokari inodhura zvakanyanya imotokari yechikamu chebhajeti (avhareji mutyairi anogona kutenga mota yakadaro muimba yekuratidzira). Panharaunda ye post-Soviet space, yezviteshi zvengoro itsva, inodhura zvakanyanya ndiyo inotevera mhando kubva kumhuri yeLada:

• Grant. Kubva kumberi, iyi modhi yakafanana neiyo Kalina dhizaini. Zvichienderana nekugadziriswa uye kupihwa kwakakosha kwevatengesi vemotokari, mutengo weRubatsiro rutsva unotanga pa16.3 zviuru zvemadhora.
• Largus. Iyi modhi yakakwereta dhizaini uye tekinoroji chikamu kubva kuRenault Logan, chete muviri uri muLargus unowedzerwa. Iyo yakakurumbira modhi nekuda kweiyo utilitarian maficha. Kutengeswa kwemotokari yakadaro kunotanga pa $ 20.
• SW vest. Uku ndiko kuziva-sei mumutsara wemamodheru emugadziri wemba. Iyo modhi ichakwikwidzana nevamwe vekunze, asi pamutengo wakaderera. Unogona kutenga mota yakadaro mu salon kutanga kubva 23 zviuru zvemadhora.

Ehe, mumusika wemotokari wakashandiswa, mutengo weaya mamodheru wakanyanya kuderera, asi kune njodzi yakawanda yekusvika kune mutengesi asina kutendeseka.

Kubatsira uye kuipa

Kusarudza zvakanakira nekuipira inzira inoenderana. Izvo zvese zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa uye nezvinodiwa nemutyairi. Kana tichifunga nezverudzi urwu rwemuviri kubva pakuona kweanowanzo mushandisi wekutakura nzira, izvo zvakanakira zvinosanganisira:

• Huru mukwende. Inogona kuwedzerwa zvakanyanya pamubhadharo wekabhini kana mutsara wezvigaro wakapetwa pasi. Kazhinji pane zviteshi zvengarava zvisina kudzikira mukugara kusvika kune epakati-saizi minivans. Kunyangwe akawanda emazuva ano sedans anogona zvakare kuwedzera huwandu hwe trunk nekuda kwezvigaro zvekumashure, chete zvinhu zvakareba zvinogona kutakurwa mazviri, uye nezve zvinhu zvakakura, semuenzaniso, muchina wekuwachisa kana firiji, chiteshi chengoro chakanakira izvi;
• Models ine yakawedzera kana inogadziriswa clearance yepasi inowanzo kuwanikwa. Dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri dzakashongedzwa nemavhiri ese anotyaira;
• Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zviteshi zvengoro zvakaoma kusiyanisa kubva kune crossover, kana yechipiri isina denga rakatsvedza nekushanduka kwakatsetseka kuenda kumashure (kunge coupe muviri). Kunyangwe paine zvakare ma crossovers muchiteshi chengoro;
• Yakakura kumhuri kupera kwevhiki.

Izvo zvinokanganisa zvechiteshi ngoro zvinosanganisira:

• Mutengo wepamusoro uchienzaniswa neiyo yakafanana modhi, chete mune sedan muviri;
• Mimwe mienzaniso ine dhizaini isiriyo - chikamu chakakosha chehunde chiri kunze kwekisero rekumashure, nekuda kwekuti mutumbi uri pasi pemutoro unorema pakutakura zvinhu zvinorema (dzimwe nguva paive nemamiriro ezvinhu apo mutumbi waingobvaruka nepakati);
• Chimiro chemuviri chakatenderera hachina simba kana ichienzaniswa nekusimudza uye sedans;
• Chero ani akajaira kutyaira sedan anofanirwa kujaira kukura kwemotokari, izvo zvinogona kumomotesa traffic mumigwagwa yemumigwagwa uye munzvimbo dzinopakwa dzakamanikana;
• Maaerodynamic maficha anotamba achipesana nerudzi rwemotokari - hwindo rekumashure rinogara rakasviba, uye washi yemhepo kana waseri kamera haigone kubatsira.

Uye zvakare, iwe unogona kudzidza nezve zvakanakira nekuipira zverudzi urwu rwemuviri kubva pane inotevera vhidhiyo:

Yese mota yemuviri. Zvakanakira nekuipira zviteshi zvengoro

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Ndeipi station wagon yakavimbika? Iyo yakavimbika uye yakachengeteka chiteshi ngoro inoonekwa seVolvo CX70 (yakagadzirwa muna 2010-2014). Iyo yakanyanya capacious analogue ndiyo Subaru Outback yenguva imwechete yekugadzira.

Ko station wagon yakaita sei? Iyi imotokari ine miviri miviri yemhando yemuviri (denga uye hood zvinotsanangurwa zvakajeka). Hunde yacho chikamu chemutasvi. Inoparadzaniswa nesherufu uye backrest yesofa yekumashure.