Chii chinonzi mota muffler uye kuti inoshanda sei

Chero mota ine injini yemukati yemukati ine system yekudzimisa. Chimwe chezvinhu zvacho zvakakosha ndeyekunyaradza. Funga kuti nei uchiida mumota, mashandiro ayo, rudzii rwechigadzirwa, uyezve mamwe matipi ekuiisa.

Chii chinonzi mota muffler

Iyo isina kugadzikana hombodo ye volumetric yakaiswa panoperera sisitimu yekudzimisa. Iyo yakaisirwa kunyorova mafungu ezwi anomuka panguva yekushanda kwemota. Icho chikamu chakakosha cheyese mota yekupedza system.

Uye zvakare, iyo yekudzimisa gasi inofanirwa kutonhodzwa isati yaburitswa munharaunda. Iri nderimwe basa rechikamu chino. Nhasi, kune akasiyana akasiyana mafuru anopesana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe kwete mukugona kwavo chete, asiwo mukugadzirwa.

Mufuri wemotokari unoshanda sei?

Sezvinoreva zita racho, chikamu ichi chemota yekuburitsa system chakagadzirirwa kudzikamisa kudengenyeka kweinjini panguva yekushanda kweinjini. Uye nekuda kwehuwandu hukuru, magasi ekupedza anotonhodzwa zvakare.

Iyo huru muffler ine makamuri akati wandei akaparadzaniswa kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, ayo akabatanidzwa nemachubhu ane perforation, offset yakabatana kune imwe neimwe. Kana kuyerera kwemagasi ekupedza kunopfuura nepapombi uye kupinda mukamuri yekutanga, inorova baffle, inoratidzwa kubva mairi uye inopinda muchubhu yechipiri, ichipfuura mukamuri rinotevera. Aya ndiwo madzvanyidzirwe anoita masaisai eruzha.

Nhasi, kune akasiyana siyana e stock mufflers, pamwe nesarudzo dzekugadzirisa mota. Imwe neimwe yeiyi mufflers ichasiyana kwete muhukuru hwavo chete, asiwo mune yavo yemukati chimiro. Pasinei neizvi, basa guru rechikamu ichi rinoramba riri kudzvinyirira uye kupera gasi kutonhora. Izvo zvisiri izvo zvakananga-kuburikidza nemufflers, iyo, pane zvinopesana, inoita kuti kupera kuwedzere.

Muffler inoshanda mune yekuzadza system

Sekuziva kwevatyairi vese, kana iwe ukabvisa iyo isina kugadzikana mumotokari, inozotinhira zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo inomhanya mota. Vamwe vanogona kuzviona zvichisekesa, asi mota yakadaro haina nzvimbo munzvimbo yekugara yakanyarara.

Mune yekudzimisa sisitimu, iyo isina kugadzikana inoita zvinotevera mabasa:

• Inodzvinyirira ruzha rweutsi hweutsi. Munguva yekushanda kweinjini, kuputika kunoumbwa mumakomba, ayo anoperekedzwa neruzha rwakasimba.
• Inoderedza kupera gasi velocity. Sezvo magasi achifamba nespidhi yakakwira mupombi, kupera kwakananga kunokonzera kukonzeresa kwakanyanya kune vanopfuura-uye nemotokari dzinotevera muchina wakadai.
• Kutonhodza marara magasi. Injini yekupisa yemukati inofambiswa nesimba rinoburitswa panguva yekupisa kwemhepo / musanganiswa wemafuta. Muchikamu chekudzimisa, tembiricha yemweya iyi inosvika mazana emadhigirii. Kuti urege kukuvadza vanhu vanopfuura nemuchina, pamwe nekudzivirira netsaona kuvesa kwezvinhu zvinotsva, zvinodikanwa kudzikisa tembiricha yekupedza.
• Kubuda kweanopedza gasi kunze kwemuviri. Iyo yese yekuzadza system yakagadzirirwa nenzira yekuti gasi rekubvisa harisi kuunganidzwa pasi pemota ichakamira (semuenzaniso, mumotokari kana parobhoti).

Kuramba kunogadzirwa mukati memushonga wekufamba kwemweya wekudzimisa. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakakosha kuti paramende iyi isapfuure miganho inobvumidzwa yakagadzwa nemugadziri weinjini. Zvikasadaro, injini inongoti "kudzipwa" nekuda kweiyo chiutsi system ichivharira kuyerera kwekuyerera.

Dhizaini, musimboti wekushanda uye mhando dzeanogadzira

Sisitimu yekupedza mota ine:

• Kugamuchira pombi;
• Catalyst;
• Resonator;
• Iyo huru yekunyunyuta.

Iyo pombi yekudyira inosunganidzwa kune yakawanda chiutsi. Chinangwa chayo ndechekubatanidza zvese zvinotungamira kubva kumota kuenda kune rimwe mhango. Iyo inokonzeresa inoregedza zvinhu zvinokuvadza izvo zviri chikamu chemweya wekutsvaira. Kutenda chinhu ichi, chiutsi hachina kukuvadza zvakatipoteredza.

Inotevera mune ino system ndeye resonator. Basa hombe rechinhu ichi kudzvinyirira ruzha rwemweya wemweya. Nechokunze, inoratidzika senge diki vhezheni yeiyo huru isinganzwisisike.

Zvishandiso zvemufuru

Ese mafuru akagadzirwa nesimbi. Vagadziri vanoshandisa mamakisi akasiyana echinhu ichi kunatsiridza kuvimbika uye mashandiro ezvigadzirwa zvavo pasi pekunetseka kwakanyanya.

Ichi chikamu chinogona kugadzirwa kubva pamhando dzinotevera dzesimbi:

• Carbonaceous;
• Aluminized;
• Kwakakurudzira alumina;
• Stainless.

Zvizhinji zvikamu zveiyo chiutsi system ine aruminiyamu, iyo inovapa hupenyu hwakareba hwebasa. Pane zvinopesana, sarudzo dzekabhoni dzinokundikana nekukurumidza. Stainless shanduko dzinowanzoitika zvishoma. Nekudaro, iwo ari pakati pemhando dzinodhura dzevanyoro. Zvakananga-kuyerera mufflers zvinowanzo gadzirwa nesimbi isina tsvina, nekuti tembiricha yemagasi ekudzimisa mune akadai masisitimu akakwirira zvakanyanya kumagumo kwetambo.

Resonator chishandiso

Resonator itende rakatetepa kana rakatenderera rinogona. Iine zvikamu zvakati wandei zvakagadziriswa mabhuru. Izvo hazvina kuiswa zvakatarisana, asi zvine offset kuitira kuti mumwe nemumwe wavo atarisane nechikamu.

Kana gasi rekuzadza rapinda mudumbu kubva pombi huru, vanorova baffle. Kufungisisa, ivo vanonyorovesa zvishoma ruzha rwechikamu chiri kuuya chemweya. Vanobva vapinda mukamuri inotevera yeiyo resonator, uko kunoitika zvakafanana. Pakubuda kubva kune resonator, kurira kwacho hakusisiri kwepakati, asi zvakanyanya kunge kurira, uye kwete sepfuti.

Kuyerera kunotungamirwa nepombi yekuburitsa kune yakasviba tangi. Nechimiro, zviri nyore kuisa chinhu ichi kumashure kwemotokari, sezvo paine nzvimbo yakawanda.

Mufudzi mudziyo

Iyo isina kugadzikana pachayo ine chimiro chakafanana seye resonator. Ukazvitarisa muchikamu, uchaona makamuri akafanana ekudzimisa, chete ehukuru hukuru. Pamusoro pezvinhu izvi, inobaya inogona kuve irimo mune isina kugadzikana.

Iyi inzvimbo yakasarudzika inopfuura nepombi dzakapetwa. Iyo izere nehusiku zvinhu zvekutora mafungu ezwi. Iyo inopinza isimbi shavings, dombo mvere kana chimwe chinhu chinopisa chinogona kumira kwakanyanya tembiricha.

Muchokwadi, kune akasiyana akasiyana maficha. Izvo zvinopesana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe kwete chete mukugadzirwa kwemakamuri eacoustic, asiwo mune izvo zvinhu zvavakagadzirwa. Rudzi rwekuvaka rwakasiyana.

• Kudzivirira. Mumafuru akadaro, iyo yekuvhura inobuditsa idiki pane inopinda. Chinokosha ndechekuti kupisa kweputi kunodzimwa nekuda kwekuti haigone kupfuura nepaburi, saka inopararira mukati mekamuri rese rekakani.
• Yakagadzirwa. Mukushandurwa kwakadai, gasi rekudzimisa rakarova madziro eacoustic kamuri, inoratidzirwa kubva pairi uye inopinda pombi yakaomeswa inoenda kune inotevera kamuri. Zvichienderana nemuenzaniso, zvikamu zvemakamera akadaro zvinogona kupfuura maviri.
• Resonator. Aya mafuru anosvika kumakamuri mana eacoustic. Izvo zvinowirirana nepombi ine perforated. Ruzha rwakaderedzwa nekuda kwekuti iwo mahombekombe anopinza anoripirwa nenhamba hombe yezvitoro pamutsetse. Iyi dhizaini haibvumidze kumanikidza kuvaka mukati meiyo pombi, iyo inoderedza kuyerera kwekuyerera.
• Kubvisa. Nheyo yekushanda kwemhando dzakadai yakatove yakatsanangurwa kwamberi. Uku ndiko kushandurwa kwerudzi rwe resonator yemafuru, chete mukuwedzera iyo isingazungunuke porous filler inoshandiswa kupinza mafungu ezwi.

Sezvo dhizaini yega yega ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira, vagadziri vanowanzo sanganisa aya marudzi eanogadzira.

Resonant muffler dhizaini

Imwe yedzakaomesesa dhizaini ndeye resonant muffler modhi. Maumbirwo emamodeli akadaro akafanana neyakagadziriswa resonator, chete chinhu chikuru chine tangi hombe rine huwandu hwenzvimbo dzeacoustic.

Mapaipi akati wandei akapetwa anoiswa mugaba. Izvo hazvina kuiswa zvakatarisana, asi mune dzakasiyana ndege kuitira kuti chiutsi chipararire pamusoro pegomba. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo isina kugadzikana inodzikisira maficha ese mafungu. Sezvaunogona kutarisira, idzi mhando dzekuneta sisitimu yezvinhu zvakare inogadzira kumwe kuramba, izvo zvinokanganisa injini simba.

Zvimiro zveiyo yakatwasuka-kuburikidza inopinza

Chinhu chevose vanogumha ndechekuti kana tembiricha uye kurira kwemhedzisiro zvabviswa, injini yemagetsi inoderedzwa zvishoma. Kumwe kuramba kunogadzirwa mukati meiyo chiutsi system. Izvi zvinokanganisa kurohwa kwepiston panguva yekurohwa kwehusiku.

Iyo yakanyanya kuramba iyi, yakanyanya kuomera kuti ibvise zvigadzirwa zvemoto. Izvi zvinoreva kuti crankshaft inotenderera nekumhanya kwakaderera. Kugadzirisa "dambudziko" iri, vamwe mhizha vanowedzeredza mapaipi ekurasa nekubvisa mabara kubva mumakomba avo. Vamwe vanotobvisa iyo yakasarudzika isinganzwisisike uye nekuisa kumberi kuyerera.

Sezvingatarisirwa, mumamodeli akadaro, gasi rekudzimisa rinobviswa nekukurumidza (simba harina kutambiswa pakukunda zvipingaidzo zvakasiyana) Nekudaro, mota yemagetsi inowedzerwa neinenge 7 muzana. Kunyangwe simba rakawanda rinogona kuwanikwa nekubvisa chinokonzeresa kubva muchirongwa.

Usati waisa isina kugadzikana mumotokari yako, unofanira kurangarira zvinhu zviviri:

1. Mota dzinorira pamusoro peimwe nhanho yedecibel haigone kushandiswa mukati meguta. Iyo yakatwasuka-kuburikidza nemushonga haikwane mune aya ma parameter. Imotokari ine chiutsi chakadai inogona kuita nyonganiso chaiyo muchivanze chechivako chema storey. Sisitimu yakadaro inogona kuve yakashongedzerwa nemotokari inotyaira munzira.
2. Kana chinoshandura chinogadziriswa chabviswa mumotokari, danho rekusvibisa rinowedzera zvakanyanya. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mota inogona kusapfuura iyo technical technical kuongorora. Kunyangwe kana pasina kuongororwa kwehunyanzvi kunoitwa, kuchengetedza nharaunda ibasa remunhu wese anogara mupasi, uye kwete emasangano ega ega.

Mufflers anogadzirwa sei?

Kuti chigadzirwa chitsva chikwanise kuita basa rayo rekutanga uye kwete kugadzira yakawandisa yekudzokera shure (kupedza gasi kuramba, nekuda kwekuti injini ichafanira kushandisa chikamu che torque kuti ikunde kumanikidza uku), vagadziri vanoverengera kuti iyo backpressure ichava yei. kunyanya nyaya. Zvichienderana neizvi, zvinotemerwa kuti ndeapi mayuniti emagetsi kuisirwa silencer yakadaro kuchave kushoma.

Nechikonzero ichi, masilencer emhando dzakasiyana dzemotokari anogona kunge aine hukuru hwakasiyana uye huremu (izvi zvinokanganiswa nekuvapo kwemamwe mapartitions uye machubhu mugirobhu rekunyarara). Asi kugutsa zvinodikanwa zvevanofarira zvekuona tuning, analogues ane kaviri epombi pombi kana exhaust masisitimu ane maviri mufflers ari kugadzirwa zvakare.

Iwo maflask pachawo anogadzirwa kubva kumagiredhi akasiyana esimbi newelding. Mishonga inobatwa ne anti-corrosion uye refractory agents kudzivirira ngura uye muffler kupisa. Kune dzimwe sarudzo dzinodhura dzakagadzirwa nesimbi isina tsvina.

Nzira yekusarudza isina kugadzikana

Ndokumbira utarise kuti haazi ese maficha anogona kuiswa pamota yako. Dambudziko nderekuti chinhu chega chega chegadziriro yekurasa chinogadzirirwa paramende dzeinjini - huwandu hwayo nesimba.

Kana chikamu chisina kukodzera chikaiswa pamushini, kuramba kwakanyanya kunogona kugadzirwa muhurongwa hwekudzima kubvumira gasi rekubuda kutiza. Nekuda kweizvi, simba remota rinogona kuderedzwa.

Hezvino izvo zvekutarisa kana uchisarudza nyowani nyoro

• Vhoriyamu yekani. Yakakura iyo bhangi. Izvo zvirinani zvichave iko kutora ruzha uye zvirinani kubviswa kwemweya.
• Chikamu chemhando. Kana iwe uchikwanisa kuona zvakapetwa zvesimbi kana chikamu chakapendwa, saka zviri nani kuti usatenga iyo isina kugadzikana.
• Iyo isina kugadzikana inogona kuwanikwa pane mota VIN kodhi. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuwana chepakutanga chikamu chikamu. Kana izvi zvisingaite, saka kutsvaga kunofanira kuitiswa nekugadzira uye modhi yemota.

Isu tinofanirwa zvakare kutaura iwo mukana wekutenga zvakashandiswa zvikamu. Muchiitiko chemafuru, iri zano rakaipa. Hazvizivikanwe mumamiriro api akachengetedzwa chikamu. Sezvo chinhu chikuru chavakagadzirwa nesimbi, vanoiswa pasi nehurosi. Iko kune mukana wepamusoro wekutenga iyo yakatoveza yakaora, asi nechokunze hazvizoonekwe.

Kuratidzwa kweBrand

Paunenge uchitenga chero chikamu (kwete chete chekungopedza system zvinhu), zvinonyanya kukosha kusarudza zvigadzirwa kubva kune anozivikanwa mabrandi. Pakati pevagadziri vanopa yepamusoro-soro maficha pane anotevera:

• Bosal. Iyo Belgian kambani yakazvisimbisa pachayo semhando zvigadzirwa.
• Walker. Iyo yekuSweden brand inotengesawo inogara yakasimba uye inoshanda mufini.
• Polmostrow. Iko kusarudzika kwekambani yePoland ndeyekuti inopa vatengi vayo sarudzo hombe yeshanduko dzakasiyana dzemufflers. Kazhinji zvigadzirwa zvekambani zvinotengeswa pamutengo wepakati.
• Asso. Zvikamu zveItaly ndezvemhando yepamusoro, asi kazhinji zvinofanirwa kuvandudzwa, nekuti kunyangwe modhi yavakagadzirirwa inogona kunge isinga gadzikane nemushonga. Izvi zvinoomesa kugadziriswa kweiyo chiutsi system.
• Atiho. Kunyangwe hazvo chokwadi chekuti zvigadzirwa zvemugadziri weRussia hazvisi zvemhando yepamusoro sevamwe vekuEurope, zvigadzirwa zvese zvinotengeswa nemutengo unodhura.

Maitiro ekusarudza asina kugadzikana anoenderana nemutyairi iye nehupfumi hwake.

Kuziva sei nhema

Kazhinji, vatengesi vasina hunhu vanotengesa zvinhu zveChinese kana zveTurkey nemutengo wepakutanga. Dzimwe nguva ivo pachavo havafungira kuti vari kutengesa fake. Hezvino zvinhu zvekuverenga zvakaderera-mhando zvigadzirwa:

• Simbi yakaonda. Izvi zvinoshandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zvakachipa. Kazhinji kazhinji, aya maficha akareruka uye akaremara.
• Kavha. Kana pasina maratidziro emugadziri pane asina kugadzikana (stampings, notches, marogo ane holograms, nezvimwewo), saka zvingangoita kuti inhema.
• Vhoriyamu yekani. Chikamu chepakutanga chinogara chiri chekunyepedzera, nekuti mune yechipiri kesi, mugadziri haateedzere mhando kuti awane mabhenefiti akawanda, achichengetedza pazvinhu.
• Mutengo. Iyo yekutanga inogara ichidhura zvakanyanya. Nekudaro, ichi hachifanirwe kunge chiri chega chinhu chinogadziriswa mhando yechikamu. Vatengesi vasina hunhu vanowanzotora mukana wekusaziva kwemutengi, vachitengesa nyepera pamutengo wepakutanga.

Maitiro ekuisa isina kugadzikana

Iyo dhizaini yekumisikidza yemotokari muffler iri nyore. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kusimudza mota pajack kana kusimudza. Nhanho inotevera ndeyekubvisa chikamu chekare. Ese mativi eiyo chiutsi system akabatana achishandisa akakosha maunganidzi - mhete (mhete yesimbi inoiswa panzvimbo dzekubatanidza dzezvinhu) uye simbi simbi.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti ese mativi epombi anokwana zvinopesana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, zvikasadaro magasi ekuzadza anozopinda nepaburi. Izvi zvinobva zvazivikanwa nekukurumidza kana mutyairi atanga injini.

Zvakakosha kufunga kuti panguva yekushanda kweiyo chiutsi system, zvinhu zvacho zvinopisa kwazvo. Izvi zvinowanzo kutungamira mukubheka kwemajoini. Mukuona kweizvi, panguva yekubvisa, dzimwe nguva zvinofanirwa kusunungura pombi. Mune ino kesi, iwe unofanirwa kuve unongwarira kuti usakanganisa iyo corrugation (kana iripo) kana yepamberi pombi.

Vhidhiyo pamusoro wenyaya

Heino vhidhiyo yakadzama nezvekushanda kweiyo mota exhaust system:

Iyo exhaust system uye muffler inoshanda sei. Sei kuyerera kwemagasi ekuburitsa kuri kukurumidza kupfuura kumhanya kwezwi

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Sei muffler mumotokari? Ichi chikamu cheiyo exhaust system inopa: kuderedzwa kwekubuda kwegasi ruzha, kunyorovesa kwekumhanyisa kwemhepo, kutonhora kwemagasi ekupedza uye kuderedzwa kwekupuruzira kwavo.

Muffler yemota iripi? Iri ndiro mudziyo une maburi maviri (inlet uye exhaust). Kune akati wandei perforated baffles uye insulation mukati memuffler.

Mufuri wemotokari unoshanda sei? Exhaust magasi anopinda mugomba, anoratidzwa kubva mubhati, achipinda pombi pakati pemakomba (nhamba yemakamuri inotsamira pane muffler modhi), uye ipapo mupombi yekuburitsa.