Ndeipi yekupedzisira kutyaira uye musiyano wemota

Chii chekupedzisira kutyaira

Iyo huru giya ndiyo yekufambisa unit yemota, inoshandura, kugovera uye kutumira torque kumavhiri ekutyaira. Zvichienderana nedhizaini uye giya reshiyo yeiyi mbiri huru, iyo yekupedzisira traction uye yekumhanyisa maitiro inotemerwa. Nei tichida mutsauko, setiraiti, uye zvimwe zvikamu zvegiya bhokisi - isu tichafunga zvimwe.

Ainoita 

Nheyo yekushanda kweiyo mutsauko: mota painenge ichifamba, kushanda kweinjini kunoshandura torque inoungana pane flywheel, uye inofambiswa kuburikidza ne clutch kana torque inoshandura kugearbox, ipapo kuburikidza nekadhidhi shaft kana helical gear ( kumberi-vhiri dhiraivha), pakupedzisira nguva yacho inopfuudzwa kune huru mbiri uye mavhiri. Hunhu hukuru hweGP (main pair) chiyero chegiya. Iyi pfungwa inoreva chiyero chehuwandu hwemazino egiya guru kune shank kana helical giya. Mamwe mashoko: kana nhamba yemazino egiya rekutyaira ari mazino 9, giya rinotyairwa riri makumi mana nerimwe, zvino nekupatsanura 41:41 tinowana giya regiya re9, iro kumotokari inotakura vanhu rinopa mukana mukukwidziridza uye kudhonza, asi. zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kumhanya. Kune mamwe mamota ane simba, kukosha kunogamuchirwa kweiyo huru mbiri kunogona kusiyana kubva 4.55 kusvika 2.1. 

Kusiyanisa kushanda kurongeka:

• iyo torque inopihwa kune iyo giya yekutyaira, iyo, nekuda kwekuzorora kwemazino, inoiendesa kune iro rinotyaira giya;
• iyo inotyairwa giya uye mukombe, nekuda kwekutenderera, zvinoita kuti ma satellite ashande;
• satellites pakupedzisira inotumira iyo nguva pahafu-ekisero;
• kana iwo musiyano uri wemahara, saka nemutoro weyunifomu pane shaft shaft, torque ichagovewa 50:50, nepo ma satellite asingashande, asi tenderera pamwe chete neiyo giya, ichitsanangura kutenderera kwayo;
• painotendeuka, panotakurwa vhiri rimwe, nekuda kweyevel gear, imwe shaft shaft inotenderera nekukurumidza, imwe ichinonoka.

Yekupedzisira yekutyaira kifaa

Idzo huru zvikamu zveiyo GPU uye chishandiso chemusiyano:

• dhiraivha giya - inogamuchira torque zvakananga kubva kubhokisi regiya kana kuburikidza nekadhi;
• inotyairwa giya - inobatanidza iyo GPU uye satellite;
• mutakuri - dzimba dzema satellites;
• magiya ezuva;
• satellites.

Kupatsanura kwekupedzisira madhiraivha

Mukugadzirwa kweindasitiri yemotokari, misiyano iri kuramba ichigadziriswa, mhando yezvinhu iri kuvandudzika, pamwe nekuvimbika kwechikwata.

Nehuwandu hwevaviri vekuita

• imwe (yekirasi) - gungano rine giya rekutyaira uye rinotyairwa;
• kaviri - maviri maviri egiya anoshandiswa, apo yechipiri peya iri pahubs yevhiri mavhiri. Chirongwa chakafanana chinoshandiswa chete pamarori nemabhazi kuti ape kuwedzera kwegiya reshiyo.

Nemhando yegiya yekubatanidza

• cylindrical - inoshandiswa pamotokari dzemberi-gumbo dzine injini inotenderera, helical gears uye chevron rudzi rwekubatana;
• conical - kunyanya yekumashure-gumbo dhiraivha, pamwe neyekumberi axle yeall-wheel drive mota;
• hypoid - inowanzo shandiswa pamotokari dzinotakura vanhu dzine mavhiri ekumashure.

Negadziriro

• mune gearbox (pamberi-vhiri dhiraivha ine inopindirana mota), iwo makuru mapara uye musiyano uri mune giya redzimba, iyo gearing ndeye helical kana chevron;
• mune imwe imba yakaparadzana kana axle stocking - inoshandiswa kuseri-vhiri dhiraivha uye ese-mavhiri dhiraivha mota, uko kutapurirana torque kugiya bhokisi kunofambiswa kuburikidza nekadhini shaft.

Kukanganisa kukuru

• kukundikana kwekusiyanisa kubereka - mumabhokisi egiya, mabheji anoshandiswa kubvumira kusiyanisa kutenderera. Ichi ndicho chikamu chinotambura chinoshanda pasi pemitoro yakaoma (kumhanya, shanduko yekushisa). Kana ma rollers kana mabhora akapfekwa, kutakura kunoburitsa hum, huwandu hwayo hunowedzera maererano nekumhanya kwemotokari. Kuregeredza kwekutsiviwa nenguva kwebereki kunotyisidzira kujam magiya evaviri makuru, zvino - pakutsiviwa kwegungano rose, kusanganisira satellite uye axle shafts;
• kukonzeresa kweGP meno uye satellites. Nzvimbo dzekukwiza dzezvikamu dzinogona kupfeka, nemazana emazana zviuru zvemakiromita ekumhanya, mazino evaviri aya akadzimwa, musiyano uripo pakati pavo unowedzera, zvichitungamira mukuwedzera kwekuzungunusa uye hum. Kune izvi, kugadziridzwa kwechikwata chekubatana kunopihwa, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwespacer ma washer;
• kuveura mazino eGPU uye satellite - kunoitika kana iwe kazhinji uchitanga nekutsvedza;
• kunanzva kwechikamu chakatsemuka pane axle shafts uye satellite - kupfeka kwechisikigo uye kubvarura zvinoenderana nemileage yemota;
• kushandura axle shaft sleeve - inotungamirira kukuti motokari mune chero giya ichamira, uye gearbox ichatenderera;
• kudonha kwemafuta - pamwe mhedzisiro yekuwedzera kwekumanikidza mune yekusiyanisa crankcase nekuda kwekuvharika kwekufema kana nekuda kwekutyorwa kwekusimba kweiyo gearbox chivharo.

Mashandiro acho anoshanda

Iyo gearbox haiwanzo kushandiswa, kazhinji zvese zvinogumira pakushandura mafuta. Pakumhanya pamusoro pe150 km, zvinogona kuve zvakafanira kugadzirisa iko kutakura, pamwe nepatch chigamba pakati peinotyairwa uye yekutyaira giya. Kana uchichinja mafuta, zvinonyanya kukosha kuchenesa mhango kubva pakupfeka marara (madiki machipisi) uye tsvina. Izvo hazvidikanwe kushandisa kumhanya kweiyo axle yokuderedza, zvakakwana kushandisa 000 litita edhiziri mafuta, rega iyo unit imhanye yakaderera kumhanya.

Matipi ekuwedzera mashandiro eGPU uye mutsauko:

• chinja oiri nenzira yakakodzera, uye kana yako dhiraivha iri yakawanda mitambo, mota inotsungirira mitoro yakakwira (kutyaira nekumhanyisa, kutakura zvinhu);
• paunenge uchichinja unogadzira mafuta kana kushandura iyo viscosity, bvisa gearbox;
• ine mileage inopfuura 200 km, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa zvinowedzera. Sei uchida kuwedzera - molybdenum disulfide, sechikamu chekuwedzera, inokubvumira kuderedza kupesana kwezvikamu, semugumisiro wekuti kutonhora kunoderera, mafuta anochengetedza maitiro ayo kwenguva refu. Yeuka kuti nekupfeka kwakasimba kwechikwata chikuru, hazvina musoro kushandisa kuwedzera;
• dzivisa kutsvedza.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Ko giya guru nderei? Iyo huru giya chikamu chekufambisa kwemotokari (magiya maviri: dhiraivha uye inotyairwa), iyo inoshandura torque uye kuiendesa kubva kumota kuenda kune drive axle.

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peiyo yekupedzisira drive uye musiyano? Iyo huru giya chikamu chegiya bhokisi iro basa ndere kuendesa torque kumavhiri, uye musiyano unodiwa kuitira kuti mavhiri ave neawo ekutenderera kumhanya, semuenzaniso, painokona.

Chii chinangwa chegiya guru mukufambisa? Iyo gearbox inogamuchira torque kubva kune injini flywheel kuburikidza ne clutch basket. Iwo ekutanga magiya mugiya bhokisi chinhu chakakosha pakushandura traction kune drive axle.