Two-sitiroko injini mumotokari

Nyika yemotokari yakaona yakawanda ye powertrain zviitiko. Dzimwe dzadzo dzakaramba dzakagwamba nechando nenguva nekuda kwekuti iyo dhizaini yakanga isina nzira yekuenderera mberi nekukudziridza brainchild yake. Zvimwe zvakaratidza kuti hazvina basa, saka zviitiko zvakadaro hazvina ramangwana rakanaka.

Kuwedzera kune yakasarudzika mu-mutsara kana V-injini injini, vagadziri vakagadzirawo mota nemamwe magadzirirwo emagetsi mayuniti. Pasi pehodhi yemamwe mamodheru iwe waigona kuwona Injini yeWankel, wetsiva (kana wetsiva), hydrogen mota. Vamwe vagadziri vezvigadzirwa vanogona vachiri kushandisa akadai exotic powertrains mune avo mamodheru. Pamusoro pekushandurwa uku, nhoroondo inoziva akati wandei akabudirira asiri eyakajairwa mota (mamwe acho ari Chitsauko chakaparadzana).

Iye zvino ngatitaurei nezveinjini yakadaro, iyo inenge isina kana mumwe wevatyairi anosangana nayo, kana zvisiri kutaura nezve kudiwa kwekucheka huswa nemushini wecheka kana kutema muti une cheni. Ichi chidimbu chemaviri-sitiroko emagetsi. Chaizvoizvo, irwo rudzi rweinjini yemukati yemoto inoshandiswa mumotokari mota, mumatangi, ndege dzepiston, nezvimwe, asi zvisingawanzoitika mumotokari.

Zvakare, maviri-sitiroko injini dzakakurumbira kwazvo mu motorsport, sezvo aya mauniti ane zvakakosha zvakakosha. Chekutanga, vane simba rakakura kwazvo rekuenda diki. Kechipiri, mota idzi dzakareruka nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwavo kwakareruka. Izvi zvinhu zvakakosha kwazvo kumitambo mairi-mavhiri.

Funga nezve maficha emidziyo shanduko dzakadai, pamwe nekuti zvinokwanisika kuzvishandisa mumotokari.

Chii chinonzi maviri-sitiroko injini?

Kwenguva yekutanga, patent yekugadzirwa kweiri-sitiroko yemukati injini yemoto yakaonekwa mukutanga kwema1880. Iyo budiriro yakapihwa nainjiniya Douglad Clerk. Mudziyo wake brainchild kwaisanganisira sepombi mbiri. Mumwe aive mushandi, uye mumwe wacho aipomba bato nyowani rekushandira pamwe kwemauto.

Mushure memakore gumi, kuchinjika nekamuri blowdown kwakaonekwa, uko pakanga pasisina kubuda kwepisitoni. Iyi mota yakagadzirirwa naJoseph Day.

Mukufananidza neizvi zviitiko, Karl Benz akagadzira yake yega gasi unit, iyo patent yekugadzira iyo yakaonekwa muna 1880.

Iyo mbiri-sitiroko dvigun, sekureva kwazvinoita zita, mune kumwe kuchinjika kweye crankshaft inoita kurova kwese kunodiwa mukupa uye kupisa kwemhepo-musanganiswa wemafuta, pamwe nekubvisa zvigadzirwa zvekupisa mumoto system yemota . Iko kugona kunopihwa neyakagadzirwa ficha yeyuniti.

Mukurohwa kumwe chete kwepiston, kurohwa kaviri kunoitwa mu humburumbira:

1. Kana iyo piston iri pazasi yakafa nzvimbo, iyo humburumbira inonatswa, kureva kuti, zvigadzirwa zvemoto zvinobviswa. Kurohwa uku kunopihwa nekutora kwechikamu chitsva cheBITC, icho chinodzosera chiutsi muchikamu chekubuda. Panguva imwecheteyo, pane kutenderera kwekuzadza iyo kamuri nechikamu chitsva cheVTS.
2. Kukwira kunzvimbo yepamusoro yakafa, iyo pisitoni inovhara iyo inopinda uye yekubuda, iyo inovimbisa kumanikidza kweBTC munzvimbo iri pamusoro-pisitoni (pasina maitiro aya, kupisa kwakaringana kwemusanganiswa uye chinodikanwa chinobuda cheyuniti yemagetsi hazvigoneke). Panguva imwecheteyo, chimwe chikamu chemusanganiswa wemhepo uye mafuta chinosvitswa mukati mevhu pasi pepiston. PaTDC yepiston, gadziriro inogadzirwa iyo inobatidza iyo yemhepo-musanganiswa wemafuta. Kushanda sitiroko kunotanga.

Izvi zvinodzokorora mota kutenderera. Zvinoitika kuti mukurohwa kaviri, kurohwa kwese kunoitwa kurova kwepiston kuviri: painenge ichikwira nekudzika.

Chishandiso cheiri-sitiroko injini?

Iyo yakasarudzika maviri-sitiroko yemukati kupisa injini ine:

• Carter. Ichi chikamu chikuru chechimiro, umo crankshaft yakagadzika nemabhora mabara. Zvichienderana nehukuru hwesirinda-pisitoni boka, pachave nenhamba dzinoenderana dze cranks pane crankshaft.
• Pisitoni. Ichi chidimbu muchimiro chegirazi, chakasungirirwa padanda rekubatanidza, rakafanana neiro rinoshandiswa mune ina-sitiroko injini. Iine maburi ekumanikidza zvindori. Kubudirira kwechikwata panguva yekupisa kweMTC kunoenderana nehukuru hwepiston, semamwe marudzi emota.
• Inlet uye nzira yokubudisa. Izvo zvinogadzirwa mukati meinjini yekupisa mota inogara pachayo, uko kwakawanda uye kwekubvisa manifolds kwakabatana. Iko hakuna gasi rekuparadzira mashini muinjini yakadai, nekuda kwekuti iwo maviri-sitiroko ari mashoma.
• Valve. Ichi chikamu chinodzivirira mweya / musanganiswa wemafuta kubva mukukandwa kumashure mune yekudyira yeiyo unit. Kana pisitoni ikakwira, pasi payo panogadzirwa chinhu chinofambisa chikwambo, icho chinopinda muchikamu cheBTC chitsva. Pangosvika sitiroko yekushanda sitiroko (spark yakamutswa uye musanganiswa wakabatidzwa, ichifambisa pisitoni kuenda kunzvimbo yepasi yakafa), vharafu iyi inovhara.
• Compression zvindori. Idzi ndidzo zvikamu zvakafanana nechero imwe injini yemukati yemoto. Izvo zviyero zvavo zvinosarudzwa zvakanyanya zvichienderana nehukuru hwepisitoni yakati.

Hofbauer maviri-sitiroko dhizaini

Nekuda kwezvipingamupinyi zvakawanda zveinjiniya, iyo pfungwa yekushandisa maviri-sitiroko kugadziridzwa mumotokari dzevapfuuri zvave zvisingaite kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika. Muna 2010, budiriro yakaitwa mune izvi. EcoMotors vakawana mari yakanaka kubva kuna Bill Gates neKhosla Ventures. Chikonzero chekurasa kwakadai kwaive kuratidzwa kweiyo yekutanga boxer injini.

Kunyangwe shanduko yakadaro yagara iripo kwenguva refu, Peter Hofbauer akagadzira pfungwa yekurohwa kaviri kwakashanda pamisimboti yemubati wetsiva. Iyo kambani yakadaidza basa rayo OROS (rakashandurwa seyakapesana masirinda uye akapikisa mapistoni). Chikwata chakadai hachigone kushanda kwete pane peturu chete, asiwo pane dhiziri, asi musimudziri akagadzika mafuta akasimba.

Kana isu tichifunga iyo yechinyakare dhizaini yekurova-mbiri mune ino chinzvimbo, saka mune dzidziso inogona kushandiswa mukushandurwa kwakafanana uye kuiswa kune mutakurwi 4-vhiri mota. Zvingave zvichikwanisika dai zvisiri zvemamiriro ekunze uye nemutengo wakakwira wemafuta. Panguva yekushanda kweyakajairika maviri-sitiroko yemukati kupisa injini, chikamu chemhepo-mafuta musanganiswa inobviswa kuburikidza neyekuzadza chiteshi panguva yekuchenesa maitiro. Zvakare, mukuita kwekupisa kweBTC, mafuta anopiswawo.

Kunyangwe kusahadzika kukuru kweinjiniya kubva kune vanogadzira ma automaker, iyo Hofbauer injini yakavhura mukana wekuti maviri-maronda apinde pasi pehood yemhando yepamusoro mota. Kana isu tichienzanisa kukura kwayo neyakajairwa boxer, chigadzirwa chitsva chiri 30 muzana yakareruka, nekuti dhizaini yayo ine mashoma zvikamu. Chikwata ichi chinoratidza zvakare kugadzirwa kwesimba kwakanyanya panguva yekushanda zvichienzaniswa neana-sitiroko tsiva (kuwedzera kwakanaka mukati me15-50 muzana).

Yekutanga inoshanda modhi yakagamuchira iyo EM100 yekumaka. Sekureva kwemugadziri, huremu hwemota i134 kg. Simba rayo 325 hp uye torque iri 900 Nm.

Iyo dhizaini yeiyo nyowani boxer ndeyekuti maviri mapistoni ari mune imwe humburumbira. Ivo akaiswa pane imwechete crankshaft. Kupisa kweVTS kunoitika pakati pavo, nekuda kwekuti simba rakaburitswa panguva imwe chete rinokanganisa mapistoni ese. Izvi zvinotsanangura yakadaro hombe torque.

Iyo yakatarisana humburumbira yakagadzirirwa kuti ikwidziridzwa asynchronously neyepedyo. Izvi zvinogonesa kutenderera kwecrankshaft isina kubhururuka neyakagadzikana torque.

Muvhidhiyo inotevera, Peter Hofbauer pachake anoratidza mashandiro anoita mota yake:

opoc engine mashandiro ayo.mp4

Ngatinyatsoongororai chimiro chemukati uye chirongwa chebasa rose.

Turbocharging

Turbocharging inopihwa nemhepo inosimudza pane shaft iyo mota yemagetsi yakaiswa. Kunyangwe ichizomhanya zvishoma kubva pakufema gasi rwizi, nemagetsi kubhadharisa iyo impeller inobvumira iyo impeller kuti ikurumidze kukurumidza uye kuburitsa mweya mweya Kubhadhara simba rekushandisa kwekutenderera mhepo, chishandiso chinogadzira magetsi kana iwo mazasi ari pasi pekumanikidza gasi kumanikidza. Iyo yemagetsi zvakare inodzora kuneta kuyerera kudzikisira kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.

Ichi chinhu mune yekuvandudza maviri-sitiroko pane kupokana. Kuti ikurumidze kugadzira inodiwa mweya kumanikidza, mota yemagetsi inoshandisa yakaringana huwandu hwesimba. Kuti uite izvi, mota yemberi, inozoshandisa tekinoroji iyi, ichafanirwa kuve yakagadzirirwa neinoshanda jenareta uye mabhatiri ane huwandu hwakawedzera.

Kubva nhasi, kugona kwemagetsi kuwedzeredza kuchiri pabepa. Iyo inogadzira inoti ino sisitimu inovandudza humbowo kuchenesa uku ichiwedzera mabhenefiti eiri-sitiroko kutenderera. Mukufungidzira, kumisikidzwa uku kunokubvumidza kupeta huremo hweyuniti kana uchienzaniswa nevamwe vana-sitiroko.

Kuunzwa kwemidziyo yakadaro kunozonyatsogadzira gwenya remagetsi kudhura, ndosaka zvichiri zvakachipa kushandisa injini ine simba uye inokara yeinjini yemoto wepasi kupfuura mutsva wetsiva.

Simbi yekubatanidza matanda

Nekugadzirwa kwayo, iyo unit yakafanana neTDF injini. Chete mukushandurwa uku, iwo mabhatani epistons akaiswa kwete maviri crankshafts, asi imwe nekuda kwekureba kwekubatanidza matanda emapistoni ekunze.

Iwo ma piston ekunze muinjini akaiswa pane refu simbi yekubatanidza matanda akasunganidzwa kune crankshaft. Iyo haina kuwanikwa kumucheto, senge mune yakasarudzika boxer nadzurudzo, iyo inoshandiswa mune zvekushandisa zvemauto, asi pakati pemasirinda.

Izvo zvemukati zvinhu zvakare zvakabatana kune iyo crank mashini. Chigadzirwa chakadai chinokutendera kuti utore simba rakawanda kubva pakuita kwesvutugadzike yemhepo-musanganiswa wemafuta. Iyo mota inozvibata sekunge iine ma cranks anopa kuwedzerwa kwepiston sitiroko, asi shaft iri compact uye yakapepuka.

Crankshaft

Iyo Hofbauer mota ine modular dhizaini. Izvo zvemagetsi zvinokwanisa kudzima mamwe masirinda, kuitira kuti mota igone kuwedzera mari kana ICE iri padiki mutoro (semuenzaniso, kana uchifamba munzira yakatetepa).

Mune mana-sitiroko injini ine yakananga jekiseni (kune rumwe ruzivo pamusoro pemhando dzejekiseni masisitimu, verenga mune imwe ongororo) kudzima kwemasilindiri kunoitwa nekumisa mafuta. Panyaya iyi, pistoni vachiri kufamba sepombi nokuda kutenderera crankshaft. Ivo havangotsve mafuta.

Kana zviri zvekuvandudza kweHofbauer, kudzimwa kwemaviri epurinda kunosimbiswa nekikiki yakasungirirwa pane crankshaft pakati peyaienderana nesirinda-pisitoni maviri. Kana module ikadamburwa, batira inongobvisa icho chikamu checrankshaft iyo inoitisa chikamu ichi.

Sezvo kufambisa pistoni mune yakasarudzika 2-sitiroko yemukati injini yekumhanyisa pamhepo isina basa icharamba ichiyamwa muchikamu chitsva cheVTS, mukugadzirisa uku module iyi inomira kushanda zvachose (iwo mapistoni anoramba asina simba). Pangosvika mutoro pachikwata chemagetsi unowedzera, pane imwe nguva, batira inobatanidza chikamu chisinga shande che crankshaft, uye mota inowedzera simba.

Silinda

Mukuita kwesilinda kufefetedza, kwechipiri-sitiroko mavharuvhu anoburitsa chikamu chemusanganiswa usina kupiswa mumhepo. Nekuda kweizvi, mota dzakashongedzerwa neyakadai magetsi simba hadzigone kusangana nemamiriro ezvakatipoteredza.

Kugadzirisa kuperevedza uku, mugadziri weiri-sitiroko inopesana injini akagadzira dhizaini yakasarudzika yemasirinda. Ivo zvakare vane inlets nezvitoro, asi kumisikidza kwavo kunoderedza mweya unokuvadza.

Maitiro anoita maviri-sitiroko yemukati kupisa injini inoshanda

Iyo peculiarity yeiyo yakasarudzika maviri-sitiroko nadzurudzo ndeyekuti crankshaft uye pisitoni vari mune mhango izere nemhepo-peturu musanganiswa. Vheji yekupinza yakaiswa pane inopinda. Kuvapo kwayo kunokutendera kuti ugadzire kumanikidza mune iyo mhango pasi pepiston painotanga kufamba ichidzika. Musoro uyu unowedzera cylinder kuchenesa uye kupedza gasi kubuda.

Sezvo pisitoni painofamba mukati mekirinda, inovhura / kuvhara iyo inopinda uye yekubuda. Nechikonzero ichi, dhizaini yezvinhu yeyuniti inoita kuti zvikwanise kusashandisa nzira yekuparadzira gasi.

Zvekuti zvinhu zvekuzora hazvipere zvakanyanya, zvinoda lubrication yemhando yepamusoro. Sezvo mota idzi dziine chimiro chakareruka, vanonyimwa girisi yakaoma kunzwisisa iyo yaizounza mafuta kuchikamu chese cheinjini yemoto yemukati. Neichi chikonzero, imwe injini yemafuta inowedzerwa kumafuta. Kune izvi, yakakosha brand inoshandiswa kune maviri-sitiroko zvikamu. Chinyorwa ichi chinofanirwa kuchengetedza lubricity pakakwirira tembiricha, uye kana chapiswa pamwe chete nemafuta, hachifanirwe kusiya kabhoni dhipoziti.

Kunyangwe maviri-sitiroko injini dzisina kuwana yakafara mashandiro mumotokari, nhoroondo inoziva nguva apo injini dzakadai dzaive pasi pehodhi yemamwe marori (!). Muenzaniso weiyu ndiyo yeyamu yeYaZZ simba remagetsi.

Muna 1947, mune-mutsetse 7-humburumbira dhiziri injini yeiyi dhizaini yakaiswa pamatoni manomwe-marori YaAZ-200 uye YaAZ-205. Kunyangwe hombe huremu (ingangoita 4 kg.), Iyo unit yaive neakadzikira kwakadzika kupfuura enjini zhinji dzemukati dzemoto dzemota dzevapfuuri. Icho chikonzero ndechekuti chishandiso cheiyi shanduko inosanganisira maviri miseve inotenderera zvakaenzana. Iyi yekuenzanisa michina yakadzikisira kuzununguka kwakawanda muinjini, iyo yaigona kukurumidza kupwanya mutumbi wematanda.

Mamwe mashoko nezve kushanda kwe2-sitiroko mota inotsanangurwa mu inotevera vhidhiyo:

2 KUSHANDISA. Ngatiedzei kunzwisisa ...

Ndeipi iri maviri-sitiroko mota inodiwa?

Iyo yekushandisa ye2-sitiroko injini iri nyore kupfuura iyo 4-sitiroko analogue, nekuda kwekuti ivo vanoshandiswa mune iwo maindasitiri uko huremu uye vhoriyamu zvakakosha kupfuura kudyiwa kwemafuta uye mamwe ma parameter.

Nekudaro, aya motors akaisirwa pane akareruka mavhiri lawn mowers uye maoko ekuchekesa kune varimi. Kubata mota inorema mumaoko ako zvinoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kwazvo kushanda mubindu. Pfungwa imwechete inogona kuteverwa mukugadzirwa kwecheni.

Kushanda kwaro kunoenderana nehuremu hwemvura uye nemhepo yekufambisa, saka vagadziri vanonamira pakudyiwa kwemafuta zvakanyanya kuti vagadzire zvimiro zvakapfava

Zvisinei, 2-tatniks inoshandiswa kwete chete mune zvekurima uye dzimwe mhando dzendege. Mumitambo ye auto / moto, huremu hwakakosha sezvakangoita mumaglider kana kumashini ekucheka lawn. Kuti mota kana mudhudhudhu ikurumidze kumhanya, vagadziri, vachigadzira mota dzakadai, vanoshandisa zvinhu zvisina kuremerwa. Rondedzero yezvinhu zvinhu izvo zvitunha zvemotokari zvakagadzirwa zvinotsanangurwa pano... Nechikonzero ichi, idzi injini dzine mukana kupfuura inorema uye nehunyanzvi yakaoma 4-sitiroko vamwe.

Heino muenzaniso mudiki wekubudirira kweaviri-sitiroko kuchinjisa yemukati injini yemagetsi mumitambo. Kubva 1992, dzimwe midhudhudhu dzakashandisa injini yeJapan Honda NSR4 500-cylinder V-twin muMottoGP mijaho yemidhudhudhu. Vhoriyamu 0.5 litres, chikwata ichi akavandudza 200 horsepower, uye crankshaft vakaruka kusvika zviuru 14 kumukira paminiti.

Iyo torque ndeye 106 Nm. yakasvika kare ku11.5 zviuru. Iyo yekumhanyisa kumhanyisa iyo mwana akadaro aikwanisa kugadzira yaive anopfuura makiromita mazana matatu nemakumi matatu paawa (zvinoenderana nehuremu hwemutasvi). Kurema kweinjini pachayo kwaingova 320kg chete. Kirogiramu imwe yehuremu hwemotokari inokwana rinenge rimwe nehafu bhiza. Mazhinji mota dzemitambo dzinoitira shanje ichi chiyero chesimba-kusvika-kurema.

Kufananidza kweiri-sitiroko uye ina-sitiroko injini

Mubvunzo ndewekuti, saka, muchina wacho haugone kuve neyakagadzirwa yakadaro? Chekutanga, iyo yechinyakare-sitiroko ndiyo inopambadza chikamu chese chinoshandiswa mumotokari. Chikonzero cheichi ndicho chinoshamisa chekuchenesa uye kuzadza humburumbira. Kechipiri, sekumhanyisa kugadziridza senge Honda NSR500, nekuda kwekumusoro revs, iro rinoshanda hupenyu hweyuniti idiki kwazvo.

Izvo zvakanakira 2-stroke unit pamusoro peiyo 4-stroke analogue inosanganisira:

• Iko kugona kubvisa simba kubva kune imwe shanduko ye crankshaft iri 1.7-XNUMX zvakapetwa kupfuura izvo zvinogadzirwa neyakajeka injini ine gasi yekuparadzira mashandiro. Iyi paramende yakakosha zvakanyanya kune yakaderera-kumhanya tekinoroji yegungwa uye piston ndege mamodheru.
• Nekuda kwemagadzirirwo maficha einjini yemukati yemoto, ine zvidiki diki uye huremu. Iyi paramende yakakosha kwazvo kune dzakareruka mota senge scooter. Pakutanga, akadaro masimba emagetsi (kazhinji vhoriyamu yavo yaisapfuura 1.7 litita) akaiswa mumota diki. Mukushandurwa kwakadai, crank-kamuri kuvhuvhuta kwakapihwa. Dzimwe mhando dzemarori dzaive dzakashongedzerwa nema injini-sitiroko maviri. Kazhinji huwandu hweakadai enjini dzinotsva dzemukati dzaive dzinosvika 4.0 litita. Kuvhuvhuta mukugadzirisa kwakadai kwakaitwa neiyo yakananga-kuyerera mhando.
• Zvikamu zvavo zvinopera zvishoma, sezvo zvinofamba zvinhu, kuti zviite zvakafanana kuita mune 4-sitiroko analogs, ita zvakapetwa kanokwana kuita mashoma (kurohwa kaviri kwakabatanidzwa mune imwe pisitoni sitiroko).

4-sitiroko mota

Pasinei nezvakanaka izvi, maviri-sitiroko injini nadzurudzo ine zvipingaidzo zvakakura, nekuda kwekuti izvo hazvisati zvichishandiswa kuishandisa mumotokari. Heano mamwe eaya maratidziro:

• Carburetor mhando dzinoshanda pamwe nekurasikirwa kwechaji nyowani yeVTS panguva yekuchenesa iyo cylinder kamuri.
• Muchikamu chechina-sitiroko, gasi rekudzimisa rinobviswa kusvika pamwero wakanyanya kupfuura pane yakafanana analogue. Icho chikonzero ndechekuti mune yechipiri-sitiroko, iyo pisitoni haisvike kumusoro kwepakati pakafa panguva yekuchenesa, uye maitiro aya anochengetedzwa chete panguva yekurohwa kwayo kudiki. Nekuda kweizvi, imwe yemhepo-yemafuta musanganiswa inopinda mune yekudzima turakiti, uye mamwe magasi ekupedza anoramba ari musilinda pachawo. Kuti kuderedze huwandu hwemafuta asina kutsva mumoto, vagadziri vemazuva ano vakagadzirisa nenjodzi, asi kunyangwe muchiitiko ichi hazvibviri kubvisa zvachose masara emoto kubva mu humburumbira.
• Aya ma mota anowedzera simba ane nzara achienzaniswa ne4-sitiroko vhezheni dzakafanana nemisha.
• Yakakwira-performance turbocharger anoshandiswa kuchenesa masilinda mune jekiseni injini. Mumota dzakadai, mweya unopedzwa imwe nehafu kusvika kaviri zvakapetwa. Neichi chikonzero, kuiswa kweakasarudzika mhepo mafirita anodikanwa.
• Paunenge uchisvika pakukwirira rpm, iyo 2-sitiroko unit inogadzira ruzha rwakawanda.
• Vanoputa zvakanyanya.
• Pakaderera revs, ivo vanogadzira yakasimba kudengenyeka. Iko hakuna mutsauko mune imwechete-humburumbira injini ine ina uye maviri kurohwa mune izvi.

Kana iri yekusimba kwemaviri-sitiroko injini, zvinofungidzirwa kuti nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwekukanganisa, vanokundikana nekukurumidza. Asi kana iwe ukasarangarira zvikwata zvemidhudhudhu yemitambo (kumukira kwakakurumidza kudzima zvikamu), ipapo kiyi mutemo unoshanda mumakanika: iyo yakapusa dhizaini yemushini, inogara kwenguva refu.

4-sitiroko injini ine huwandu hukuru hwezvikamu zvidiki, kunyanya mune yekuparadzira gasi mashandiro (nezve mashandiro anoita vharuvhu nguva, verenga pano), iyo inogona kutyora chero nguva.

Sezvauri kuona, kuvandudzwa kwemukati injini dzemoto hakumire kusvika parizvino, saka ndiani anoziva kuti budiriro munzvimbo ino ichaitwa nevanjiniya. Kubuda kwekuvandudzwa nyowani kweiri-sitiroko injini kunopa tariro kuti munguva pfupi iri kutevera, mota dzichashongedzerwa neyakareruka uye inoshanda powertrains.

Mukupedzisa, tinokurudzira kutarisa kumwe kuchinjiswa kweiri-sitiroko injini nemapiston achienda kune mumwe nemumwe. Chokwadi, tekinoroji iyi haigone kunzi inyowani, senge muHofbauer vhezheni, nekuti injini dzemukati dzakadaro dzakatanga kushandiswa kumashure kuma1930 mune zvekushandisa zvechiuto. Nekudaro, pamotokari dzakareruka, dzakadai 2-sitiroko injini hadzisati dzashandiswa:

Inoshamisa Counter Traffic Injini 2018

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Ko 2-stroke injini inorevei? Kusiyana ne 4-stroke injini, kurohwa kwese kunoitwa mune imwe shanduko ye crankshaft (maviri maviri anoitwa mune imwe piston sitiroko). Mariri, nzira yekuzadza cylinder uye ventilating iyo inosanganiswa.

Injini ye-two-stroke inogadzirwa sei? Yese yekukwesha mukati meinjini inozorwa nemafuta mumafuta. Naizvozvo, mafuta ari muinjini yakadaro anofanirwa kugara achikwira kumusoro.

Injini ye-2-stroke inoshanda sei? Muinjini iyi inopisa mukati, shamhu mbiri dzinoratidzwa zvakajeka: kudzvanya (piston inofamba ichienda kuTDC uye zvishoma nezvishoma inovhara kutanga kucheneswa uyezve chiteshi chekuburitsa) uye sitiroko yekushanda (mushure mekudzima kweBTC, piston inofamba ichienda kuBDC, kuvhura zviteshi zvakafanana zvekuchenesa).