Boxer injini: mhando, mudziyo uye musimboti wekushanda

Munhoroondo yese yekugadzirwa kwemotokari, mhando zhinji dzemota dzakagadzirwa idzo dzaifanirwa kutyaira mota. Nhasi, vazhinji vanofarira mota vanoziva nemhando mbiri chete dzemota - injini yemagetsi neyemukati yemoto.

Zvisinei, pakati okunatsiridza kushanda pahwaro kuvesa mafuta-mhepo musanganiswa, pane zvakawanda mhando. Imwe yekushandurwa kwakadai inonzi injini yebhokisi. Ngatitarisei kuti chii chakasarudzika, ndedzipi mhando dzekugadziriswa uku, uyezve ndezvipi zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira.

Chii chinonzi injini yetsiva

Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti iyi mhando yeV-yakaumbwa dhizaini, asi ine hombe kamuri. Muchokwadi, urwu rudzi rwakasiyana zvachose rweinjini yemukati yemoto. Nekuda kwekugadzirwa uku, mota ine hushoma hurefu.

Mukutarisa, akadaro masimba emagetsi anowanzo kunzi mutambi wetsiva. Izvi zvinoratidza kusarudzika kweboka repiston - vanoita kunge vanokanda bhegi kubva kumativi akasiyana (tungamira kune mumwe nemumwe).

Yekutanga inoshanda boxer injini yakaonekwa muna 1938. Yakagadzirwa nevanjiniya paVW. Yakanga iri 4-humburumbira 2-litre vhezheni. Iyo yakakwira iyo iyo unit yaigona kusvika yaive 150 hp.

Nekuda kwechimiro chayo chakakosha, mota inoshandiswa mumatangi, dzimwe mota dzemitambo, midhudhudhu nemabhazi.

Muchokwadi, mota yakaita se-V uye iye wetsiva havana zvakafanana. Vanosiyana nemabatiro avanoita.

Nheyo yekushanda kweiyo injini yetsiva uye chimiro chayo

Mune yakajairwa yemukati injini yekupisa, iyo pisitoni inokwira kumusoro uye pasi kuti isvike TDC neBDC. Kuti uwane kutenderera kwakatsetseka kwechimota, iwo mapistoni anofanirwa kupfurwa neimwe nzira nekukanganisa panguva yekurova.

Mune mota yebhokisi, kutsetseka kunowanikwa nekuti mapistoni anogara achishanda zvakaenzana munzira dzakasiyana, kana padhuze nepadhuze kune mumwe nemumwe.

Pakati izvi mhando injini, zvakajairika - mana- uye matanhatu-humburumbira, asi panewo nadzurudzo 8 uye 12 sepombi (mitambo shanduro).

Idzi mota dzinoshandisa nzira mbiri dzekuita nguva, asi dzinoenderana nechete bhandi rekutyaira (kana cheni, zvinoenderana nemodeli). Mabhokisi anokwanisa kushanda zvese pane mafuta edhiziri nepeturu (musimboti wekuwisira musanganiswa wacho unosiyana nenzira yakafanana neinjini dzinowanzoitika).

Mhando huru dzenjodzi injini

Nhasi, makambani akadai sePorsche, Subaru neBMW anowanzo shandisa rudzi urwu rweinjini mumotokari dzavo. Akawanda modification akagadzirwa mainjiniya:

• Boxer;
• RASHIYA;
• 5TDF.

Mhando yega yega mhedzisiro yekuvandudzwa kweshanduro dzakapfuura.

Wetsiva

Chimwe chinhu chekushandurwa iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yepakati yeiyo crank mashini. Izvi zvinoparadzira huremu hweinjini zvakaenzana, izvo zvinoderedza vibration kubva kuchikamu.

Kuti kuwedzere kushanda kwemotokari yakadaro, mugadziri anoishongedza nemagetsi ekuwedzera turbine. Chinhu ichi chinowedzera simba reinjini yekupisa yemukati ne30% zvichienzaniswa nehama dzedenga.

Mhando dzinoshanda zvakanyanya dzine masilinda matanhatu, asi kune zvekare mitambo yemitambo ine gumi neshinda. 12-humburumbira nadzurudzo ndiyo inowanzozivikanwa pakati zvakafanana sandara injini.

RASHIYA

Rudzi urwu rweinjini yemukati yemoto ndeyechikamu chemaviri-sitiroko injini. Chimwe chinhu chekushandurwa uku kuita kwakasiyana kwakasiyana kweboka repiston. Pane maviri mapistoni mune imwe humburumbira.

Ipo mumwe ari kuita sitiroko yekudyiwa, imwe inobvisa gasi rekudzimisa uye kufefetedza iyo cylinder kamuri. In injini dzakadaro hapana humburumbira musoro, uyewo gasi mugove hurongwa.

Nekuda kwekugadzirwa uku, mota dzekushandurwa idzi dzinenge hafu yakareruka kupfuura injini dzemukati dzemoto dzakafanana. Mavari, iwo mapiston ane sitiroko diki, iyo inoderedza kurasikirwa kwesimba nekuda kwekukwesana, uye zvakare inowedzera kutsungirira kwesimba remagetsi.

Sezvo chirimwa chemagetsi chine zvikamu zvinoda kusvika makumi mashanu kubva muzana, icho chakareruka zvakanyanya kupfuura iko mana-sitiroko kuchinjwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti mota ireruke zvishoma, izvo zvinokanganisa mashandiro ane simba.

5TDF

Mota dzakadai dzakaiswa mune chaiyo michina. Nzvimbo huru yekushandisa indasitiri yemauto. Ivo akaiswa mumatangi.

Idzi injini dzemukati dzemoto dzine mbiri crankshafts iri pamativi akatarisana echimiro. Piston mbiri dzakaiswa mune imwe humburumbira. Ivo vane imwechete yekushanda kamuri umo iyo yemhepo-peturu musanganiswa wakabatidzwa.

Mhepo inopinda musilinda yekutenda kune turbocharging, sezvazviri kune iyo OROC. Aya ma motors akaderera-kumhanya, asi ane simba kwazvo. Muna 2000 rpm. iyo unit inoburitsa yakawanda se 700 hp. Chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvekugadziriswa kwakadai iri vhoriyamu iri yakakura (mune mamwe mamodheru inosvika 13 litita).

Zvakanakira enjiniya injini

Zvakaitika munguva pfupi yapfuura mumabhokisi emota zvakavandudza kugadzikana kwavo uye nekuvimbika. Dhizaini dhizaini yeiyo powertrain ine zvakawanda zvakanaka maficha:

• Nzvimbo yegiravhiti yakaderera pane mumamota echinyakare, ayo anowedzera kudzikamisa mota pamabhendi;
• Kushanda kwakarurama uye kugadzirisa panguva yakakodzera kunowedzera nguva pakati pekugadzirisa kusvika kumamiriyoni 1 km. mileage (zvichienzaniswa neinowanzo injini). Asi varidzi vacho vakasiyana, saka zviwanikwa zvinogona kutokura;
• Sezvo mafambiro ekudzokedzana anoitika kune rumwe rutivi rweinjini yemoto yemukati inobhadharisa mitoro neyakafanana maitiro kubva kudivi rakatarisana, ruzha uye kudedera mavari zvinoderedzwa kusvika padiki;
• Mabhokisi mota anogara achivimbika zvakanyanya;
• Kana zvikaitika zvakanangana nenjodzi, dhizaini dhizaini inoenda pasi pemukati memotokari, izvo zvinoderedza njodzi yekukuvara zvakanyanya

Cons of injini yetsiva

Uku kukura kusingawanzoitika - mota dzese dzepakati-nhanho dzakashongedzerwa neyakajairika mota dzakamira. Nekuda kwemagadzirirwo maficha, iwo anodhura kuchengetedza.

Pamusoro pekugadzirisa kunodhura, vatambi vetsiva vane zvimwe zvinokanganisa, asi zvizhinji zvezvinhu izvi zvine hukama.

• Nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwayo, mota yakati sandara inogona kudya mamwe mafuta. Nekudaro, zvinoenderana nezvingaenzaniswe. Kune inline injini dzinotsvaga zvekuti zviri nani kufunga nezve compact, asi inodhura sarudzo;
• Matambudziko ekugadzirisa ari kukonzerwa nenhamba diki yevanyanzvi vanonzwisisa mota idzi. Vamwe vanhu vanopokana kuti mota dzetsiva hadzifarire kuchengetedza. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, ichi ichokwadi - mota inofanirwa kubviswa kutsiva plugs, nezvimwe. Asi izvo zvinoenderana nemuenzaniso;
• Sezvo mota dzakadai dzisina kujairika, saka zvikamu zvevari zvinogona kutengwa pahurongwa, uye mutengo wavo unenge wakakwira kupfuura zvakaenzana analogue;
• Kune vashoma nyanzvi uye nhepfenyuro dzebasa vakagadzirira kutora kugadzirisa kwechikwata ichi.

Zvakaoma mukugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa kweinjiniya yetsiva

Sezvambotaurwa, chimwe chekukanganisa kwema flat motors ndiko kunetseka mukugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kune zvese zvinopesana. Mamwe matambudziko neatanhatu-humburumbira nadzurudzo. Kana zviri zvevamwe na2-4-humburumbira, matambudziko anongoenderana nemagadzirirwo (makenduru anowanzo ari munzvimbo yakaoma kusvika, kazhinji mota yese inofanira kubviswa kutsiva).

Kana muridzi wemota ane injini yetsiva ari wekutanga, saka chero zvakadaro, unofanirwa kubata nzvimbo yebasa yebasa. Nezvakaipa zvisiri izvo, unogona kuputsa zvirinyore gadziriro yekuparadzira gasi.

Chimwe chiitiko chekuchengetedza mota dzakadai ndiyo yekumanikidza maitiro ekucheresa masilinda, mapistoni nemavharuvhu. Mukushaikwa kwemabhoni emabhoni pazvinhu izvi, hupenyu hwebasa reinjini yemoto yemukati inogona kuwedzerwa. Zviri nani kuita oparesheni iyi mukudonha, kuitira kuti mota inomhanya nyore munguva yechando.

Kana zviri zvekugadzirisa kwakakomba, chakanyanya kusakosha ndeye yakanyanya kudhura mutengo we "capital". Iyo yakakwira kwazvo zvekuti zviri nyore kutenga nyowani (kana kushandiswa, asi iine huwandu hwakakwana hwehupenyu hwekushanda) mota pane kugadzirisa yakatadza.

Tichifunga nezvezvakanyorwa zveiyo injini yetsiva, avo vakatarisana nesarudzo: zvakafanira here kutenga mota ine injini yakadai kana kwete, ikozvino pane rumwe ruzivo kuitira kuti vazive izvo zvavanofanira kukanganisa pane. Uye mune evanopikisa, iko chete kukanganisa inyaya yemari.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Nei injini yebhokisi yakanaka? Chiyero chakadaro chine nzvimbo yakaderera yegiravhiti (inowedzera kugadzikana kumuchina), kuderera kudiki (mapiston akaenzana), uye zvakare ine hombe yekushanda sosi (millionaire).

Ndiani Anoshandisa Boxer Injini? Mune mhando dzemazuva ano, bhokisi rinoiswa neSubaru nePorsche. Mumotokari dzekare, injini yakadaro inogona kuwanikwa muCitroen, Alfa Romeo, Chevrolet, Lancia, nezvimwewo.