Chii chiri kukukurwa mumadzinza, chinotaridzika sei
Zviri mukati
Munyika yemota, hapana makwikwi akakwana pasina kutyaira kwakanyanya. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kumhanya kwakanyanya kunokosheswa, mune vamwe - iko kukona kwekona. Nekudaro, kune chikamu chimwe chete chekutyaira kwakanyanya - kukukurwa.
Ngationei kuti chii, mashandiro anoitwa, uye mashandisiro emota kuti isadonhe pakakombama.
Chii chiri kukukurwa
Kukukurwa haungori kukwikwidza, asi hutsika hwese. Iye anodzinga anoshandisa ake asinganzwisisike mazwi, anomutsanangudza semunhu akarara kana chaiye virtuoso.
Iyi motorsport inosanganisira yekumhanyisa-kumhanya kufamba kwemotokari kwete chete munzira yakatwasuka, asiwo pamabhendi. Mukukukurwa, iro danho rehunyanzvi rinotariswa nemabatiro anoita mutyairi mukana, uye kana achizadzisa zvese zvinodiwa nevatambi vemakwikwi.
Kune yepamhando yepamusoro penzira, pese pakatendeuka, panofanirwa kunge paine skid yemota uye kuwedzera kwayo kutsvedza. Kuti uite hunyanzvi nekumhanyisa, mutyairi anokonzeresa mavhiri ekumashure emota kurasikirwa ne traction otanga kutsvedza.
Kudzivirira mota kutendeuka, mutyairi anoshandisa akakosha matekinoroji ayo anotendera mota kufamba nedivi ichichengetedza imwe skid kona.
Kazhinji pane mamaki akasarudzika panzira, kupfuura iyo mutyairi asingafanire kusiya. Zvikasadaro, iye anogona kurasikirwa nemapoinzi, kana iye kupihwa chirango mapoinzi.
Drift nhoroondo
Kudzora kwakazvarwa pakutanga uye kwakazozivikanwa muJapan. Yaiva mitambo yemotokari yemugwagwa. Kuti kudzikise huwandu hwetsaona nekukuvara, kugadzirira kwemakwikwi uye nhangemutange yacho pachayo yakaitirwa pazvikamu zvemakomo enyoka.
Kubva kuma1970s kusvika kunopera ma1990, yaifungidzirwa semutambo wakarambidzwa. Zvisinei, gare gare yakagamuchirwa zviri pamutemo uye yakarongedzwa pakati pemamwe marudzi emota. Nguva pfupi yapfuura yatakataura nezvayo iyo inonyanya kufarirwa auto mujaho munyika.
Nekudaro, pakati pevateveri vemhando dzakanyanya dzekutyaira, kukukurwa kwaiwana mukurumbira, kunyangwe paine kurambidzwa kwevakuru. Kufarira mutsika iyi kwakasimudzirwa neiyo bhaisikopo. Mumwe wevavambi vechimiro chemotokari dzinotsvedza mukona ndiKeiichi Tsuchiya. Akaita nyeredzi mumuvhi Pluspu muna 1987 ndokuratidza runako rweiyi dhiraivha. Akaita zvakare kuoneka kuTokyo Drift (chiitiko apo vabati vehove vakatarisa Sean chitima pane pier).
Muna 2018, vatambi veGerman vakaisa rekodhi yepasirese, iyo yakanyorwa muGuinness Book of Records. Iyo BMW M5 yakatsvedza kwemaawa masere uye yakafukidza makiromita mazana matatu nemakumi mana nemana. Hechino chimwe chezvikamu, nekuda kwekuti mota haina kumira kuti iwedzere:
Drift mhando
Nhasi, kukukurwa hakusi kwekungotsvedza pamakona uye kutyaira uchimhanya. Kune akapatsanurwa akati wandei erudzi rwe motorsport:
- Mujaho wedunhu wakapusa. Izvi zvinowanzoita oval kana denderedzwa track;
- Mujaho munzira inoyerera nekutenderera inoshanduka nemaakona akareba uye urefu;
- Iyo track ine yakasanganiswa mhando yekuvhara uye ese marudzi ekutendeuka. Inotorwa sedanho rakaomesesa kunyangwe kune nyanzvi.
Munyika yega yega, yekuJapan yakanyanyisa yakabatana netsika yemuno, zvichikonzera mataera akasiyana ekukukurwa:
- Simba Rinotsvedza (America) - kazhinji mujaho wedunhu nemakona madiki asi marefu. Iyo mota inotanga kutsvedza nekumhanyisa uye zvisingaite hairegedze kutsvedza mukati meiyo nhangemutange. Zvekukwira kwakadaro, dzinokosha pumped mota dzekudonha dzinoshandiswa;
- Tramp Drift (England) - inotsvedza pamotokari yeEurope yakatarwa;
- Hagwala Arab Drift Mujaho. Inoonekwa semutambo usiri pamutemo nekuti vanodzika vanokuvara kana kutourayiwa vachiita kupenga.
Maitiro ekutanga ekukukurwa
Usati waenderera mberi nekufungisisa kweakasiyana matekiniki mukukukurwa, zvakakodzera kujekesa imwe nuance. Kana mota ichimhanyisa kumhanya uye mutyairi akatadza kuibata, asi panguva imwe chete, iye, kana mota yake, kana vamwe vashandisi vemugwagwa vasina kukuvara, izvi hazvisi kukukurwa.
Iyi hunyanzvi inoreva kudzora kwakazara. Uyezve, zvinowanzoitika kuti mavhiri arasika zvachose kubatisisa kwavo asphalt, asi mutyairi, achishandisa hunyanzvi, anogona kudzivirira kubonderana kana kusimuka munzira. Izvi zviri kukukurwa.
Saka, kutsausa hunyengeri:
- Uchishandisa bhureki remaoko. Asati atendeuka, mutyairi anoita kuti bhureki riye riite uye oriburitsa ipapo ipapo. Panguva imwecheteyo, anotenderedza vhiri rekutungamira kuenda kune yakatarisana neiyo skid skid. Iyo mota inotanga kutsvedza, uye kutonga pamusoro pekutakura kunoitwa nekushandura mudhiraivho nenzira yekukwasva nekushandisa gasi;
- Uchishandisa batira. Kugamuchirwa kunoitwa nekutsikirira uye nekuregedza kubatirira chitiviri. Mhedzisiro yacho yakafanana neiyo yapfuura;
- Kudzungaira nemavhiri ese. Kuti uite izvi, mutyairi anongoisa zvishoma mabhureki. Gumbo rega rega rinorasikirwa ne traction uye rinobva radzorwa neiyo peturu peturu;
- Kuzununguka. Imwe nzira iyo inobvumidza iwe kusimudzira kumashure kwemota munzira dzakasiyana. Zvinoda kumhanya kwakanyanya uye S-kutendeuka kuita;
- Braking. Maitiro aya anosanganisira kudzvanya zvakasimba bhureki rekusvira usati wapinda mukona. Aya ndiwo mabatiro anoita mutyairi mavhiri ekumashure kubva mumugwagwa achivarega vachitsvedza;
- Kugamuchirwa kwakasimba. Drifter, usati wapinda mukukombama, inokanda gasi nekukasira, uye iko kutendeuka kunodzorwa nekugara uchimanikidza pabhureki nekushandura mudhiraivho;
- Kushandiswa kwesimba. Iyi nzira inokodzera mota dzine simba dzinodzika. Asati atendeuka, mutyairi anongoerekana atsikirira chinosimudzira chinotsika pasi, nekudaro achibvarura mavhiri ekumashure (nenzira, zviri nyore kutumira yekumberi-vhiri mota muchikwiriso, kunyangwe pro chaiyo ichakwira chaizvo chero mota). Nekutenderedza vhiringi, anotungamira kumashure muchikamu chakarurama, asati aedza kudzokera kumashure, sekutendeuka. Kudzivirira mota kutendeuka, vhiringi rinotenderedzwa rakananga kuscid. Kuti abude mukukukutu, mutyairi nguva nenguva anodzvanya uye anodonhedza peturu;
- Kurutivi rweshure. Mushure mekunge chikamu chekumashure chapera kubata, mutyairi anonongedza mota kudivi, asi nekutsikirira gasi rinokanganisa uye kutenderedza vhiri, haatenderi mota kutendeuka zvachose;
- Kuzununguka. Iyo mota inotenderedzwa zvine mutsindo mune imwe nzira kana imwe nzira kuti kubvarura mavhiri ese panzira;
- "Bagel" kana "donut". Iri kukukurwa munzvimbo imwechete. Iko kumberi kwemotokari kune imwe nguva, uye kumashure kunotenderera kutenderera.
Heino ipfupi vhidhiyo dzidziso pamusoro pekushandisa kweaya matekiniki kubva kuna "King weDrift":
Drift mota
Kana zvasvika pamotokari inokukurwa, iyi haisi mota ine simba chete yakavakirwa kumhanya. Ichokwadi ndechekuti mota dzemitambo dzakawanda dzakanyanya kuoma kutumira kune skid. Semuenzaniso, vanoshandisa mhando yepamusoro musiyano kudzivirira kutenderera kweiri rakaburitswa vhiri. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve mashandiro. pano.
Yekumhanyisa mota yekumhanyisa mota yakagadzirwazve kuitira kuti mavhiri ayo ekumashure abude mumugwagwa zviri nyore kwazvo. Kuti uite hunyanzvi mushe, mota inofanirwa kuve:
- Kureruka zvakanyanya sezvinobvira kuti usamanikidze zvakanyanya kupokana nemugwagwa;
- Simba, kuita kuti mota ikurumidze. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kumhanyisa zvakakwana pakutanga, uye pane yakakombama kwete kungotsvedza, asi shandisa mavhiri ekumashure;
- Rear wheel drive;
- With zvemaziso hutachiwana;
- Matairi epamberi uye ekumashure anofanirwa kunge akakodzera sitiroko yekukwira
Kuti mota ikwanise kufamba, inoiswa, uye kazhinji zvinoonekwa.
Ndeapi matai anodiwa pakukukurwa
Dhirairi rinokukurwa rinofanirwa kuve nekusimba kwakanyanya, nekuti rinogara richitsvedza paasphalt (kubva pairi hunyanzvi hunoperekedzwa noutsi hwakawanda). Pamusoro peiyi paramende, inofanirwa kusanganisa yakanakisa coefficient ye grip, pamwe nekutsvedza zviri nyore kana uchirasa mugwagwa.
Zvaunoda zvinofanirwa kupihwa kune rakapusa kana semi-rakatsetseka rabha. Iyo tai ine yakakwenenzverwa yakakwira uye inotsvedzerera inotsika. Imwe yesarudzo huru dzekudonha yerabha ndiyo yakaderera mhando vhezheni. Anobvisa mugwagwa zvakakwana pasina kurasikirwa nespeed.
Kudzidzisa, zvakanakisa kushandisa matai akatsetseka. Zvichava nyore kune anotanga kutumira kunyange yakajairwa mota nespidhi kumhanya.
Chinhu chakakosha mukukweva kunoshamisa kuwanda kwekuputa kwoutsi. Vateereri zvakare vanokwezva kutarisisa kwaari, asi kazhinji vatongi, vachisarudza runako rwekukunda kwekuita.
Vakakurumbira Drift Racers
Pakati penyeredzi dzinodzungaira pane vanotevera nyanzvi:
- Keiichi Tsuchiya - kunyangwe ane hunyanzvi sei, anogara achiuya wechipiri mushure meiyi tenzi. Anonyatsotakura zita rekuti "DK" (drift king). Pamwe paive mukukudzwa kwake kuti zita ramambo mune rakakurumbira "Tokyo Drift" rakatumidzwa;
- Masato Kawabata mutyairi wechiJapan akatora mukombe wekutanga wepasirose yepasi rose. Iye zvakare ane ake akati wandei marekodhi, kusanganisira iyo inokurumidza kukurumidza;
- Georgy Chivchyan inyanzvi yeRussia yakatora zita remhare yeRussia katatu, uye muna 2018 akazova mukundi weFIA;
- Sergey Kabargin ndomumwe mujaho weRussia anoitisa nemhando iyi, ane matambiro anogara achiperekedzwa nehunyanzvi uye varaidzo.
Heino vhidhiyo ipfupi yeimwe yedzinza reKabargin (zita remadunhurirwa rekuti Kaba):
Mibvunzo nemhinduro:
Ndinogona kukukurwa nemota yemazuva ese? Hongu, asi hazvizove zvinobudirira sepamotokari yakagadzirwa. Izvi zvinoda matai anokosha, kushandura chidhiraivho uye zvimwe zvekumisa zvinhu (kuita kuti mavhiri awedzere kutenderera).
Kukukurwa kunokuvadza motokari sei? 1) Rubber inopera ipapo ipapo. 2) Iyo mota iri pasi pekunetseka kwakanyanya. 3) Iyo clutch inopera zvakashata. 4) Mabhuroko akanyarara akasakara. 5) Mabhureki anokurumidza kupedzwa uye tambo yebhureki yekupaka inopera.
Nzira yekufambisa sei mumotokari nenzira yakarurama? Kukwidziridza - 2nd giya - clutch - chidhiraivho mukati mekutendeuka uye pakarepo handbrake - gasi - iyo clutch inoburitswa - vhiri rinotungamira riri munzira yeskid. Iyo skid angle inodzorwa negasi pedal: yakawanda gasi inoreva kuwanda skid.
Zita rekuti Drift nemota chii? Iyi inzira yekudzora kutsvedza kwemota ine kutsvedza uye kutsvedza kwemavhiri ekutyaira kana ichipinda mukutendeuka. Muhafu yekutanga yema1990, makwikwi ekukukurwa akapinda mumutambo weRC Drift.
