TOP-10 Dzakanakisa mota dzemagetsi 2020
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Chii chinonzi mota yemagetsi
Motokari yemagetsi imotokari isinga fambiswe neinjini inopisa yemukati, asi neimwe kana yakawanda mota dzemagetsi dzinofambiswa nemabhatiri kana maseru emafuta. Vazhinji vatyairi vari kutsvaga iyo rondedzero yemagetsi emagetsi akanakisa pasirese. Sezvineiwo, mota yemagetsi yakaonekwa pamberi payo peturu. Yekutanga mota yemagetsi, yakagadzirwa muna 1841, yaive ngoro ine mota yemagetsi.
Kutenda kune isina kugadzirwa yemagetsi mota yekuchaja system, mota dzepeturu dzakakunda iyo tacit kurwisa kutonga pamusika wemotokari. Yakanga isiri kusvika kuma1960 iyo kufarira mota dzemagetsi kwakatanga kuonekazve. Chikonzero cheizvi yaive matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza emotokari nedambudziko remagetsi, izvo zvakakonzera kuwedzera kwakanyanya mumutengo wemafuta.
Kuvandudza indasitiri yemotokari dzemagetsi mota
Mu2019, huwandu hwemotokari dzemagetsi dzakagadzirwa dzakura zvakanyanya. Anenge ese anozviremekedza automaker akaedza kwete chete kugona kugadzirwa kwemagetsi mota, asi kuti vawedzere mutsara wavo zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. Aya maitiro, sekureva kwenyanzvi, anoenderera mberi mu2020.
Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti angangoita makambani ese ari kuyedza kubata Tesla (iyo, nenzira, iri kutangisa roadster gore rino) uye inopedzisira ichigadzira maEV anogadzirwa-akawanda pamutengo wega wega - mhando dzepakutanga dzakagadzirwa nemazvo uye. yakavakwa zvakanaka. Muchidimbu, 2020 richava gore iro mota dzemagetsi dzichava dzefashoni zvechokwadi.
Mazana emagetsi emagetsi anofanirwa kuenda kunotengeswa mumwedzi iri kuuya, asi isu takaedza kusarudza gumi rweanonakidza kwazvo: kubva kudiki-saizi yemadhorobha mamodheru kubva kune hofori yeindasitiri yemotokari kusvika kune inorema marefu-renji mota dzemagetsi kubva kune vese vatsva vemusika.
Zvakanakira mota dzakanakisa dzemagetsi
Motokari yemagetsi ine mikana yakati wandei isingarambike: kushayikwa kwemweya wekutsvaira unokuvadza nharaunda uye zvipenyu, yakaderera mashandiro emari (sezvo magetsi ari akadhura pane mafuta emota), kunyatsoshanda kwemagetsi emagetsi (90-95%, uye kugona kweinjini yepeturu ingori 22-42%), kuvimbika kwakasimba nekusimba, kuve nyore dhizaini, kugona kudzoreredza kubva kune yakajairwa socket, yakaderera kuputika njodzi mutsaona, kukwirira kutsetseka.
Asi usafunga kuti motokari dzemagetsi hadzina zvipingamupinyi. Pakati pezvikanganiso zverudzi urwu rwemotokari, munhu anogona kutaura kusakwana kwemabhatiri - anoshanda pakupisa kwakanyanya (kupfuura 300 ° C), kana kuti ane mari yakawandisa, nekuda kwekuvapo kwesimbi inodhura mavari.
Zvakare, mabhatiri akadaro ane yakakwira yekuzvibuditsa yega uye yavo recharging inotora nguva yakareba kwazvo ichienzaniswa nekuchaja peturu. Pamusoro pezvo, dambudziko ndere kuraswa kwemabhatiri ane zvinhu zvakasiyana zvine chepfu nemaacid, kushomeka kwenzvimbo yakakodzera yekuchaja mabhatiri, mukana wekuwandisa mumagetsi magetsi panguva yekuchaja patsva kubva kunetiweki yemumba, iyo inogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya mhando yemagetsi.
Chinyorwa Chemhando dzakanakisa dzemagetsi mota 2020
Volkswagen ID.3 – №1 yemhando yepamusoro mota dzemagetsi
Kune dzakawanda mota dzemagetsi mumhuri yeVolkswagen, asi ID.3 ndiyo inonyanya kukosha. Ichave ichiwanikwa kutanga pamadhora makumi matatu ezviuru uye ichapihwa mumatatu matatu uye yakafanana neGorofu. Sekutsanangura kunoita kambani, mukati memotokari ukuru hwePassat, uye maratidziro ehunyanzvi ndiyo Gorofu GTI.
Iyo yepasi modhi ine huwandu hwe330 km pane iyo WLTP kutenderera, nepo yepamusoro vhezheni yacho inogona kufamba 550 km. Iyo 10-inch infotainment skrini mukati inotsiva mazhinji mabhatani uye switch, uye inogona kushandiswa kudzora zvese zvese kunze kwekuvhura windows uye mwenje yekukurumidzira. Pakazara, Volkswagen inoronga kugadzira mamirioni gumi nemashanu mota dzemagetsi muna15.
Rivian R1T pikicha - №2 yeakanakisa mota dzemagetsi
Pamwe chete nekuburitswa kweR1S - SUV ine vanhu vanomwe ine nharaunda yakaziviswa yeanopfuura 600 km - Rivian inoronga kuburitsa yevashanu-vashanu R1T pickup papuratifomu imwe chete pakupera kwegore. Kune ese mamodheru, mabhatiri ane huwandu hwe105, 135 uye 180 kWh anopiwa, ane huwandu hwe370, 480 uye 600 km, zvichiteerana, uye yakakura kumhanya kwe200 km / h.
Iyo iri-mumotokari dashibhodhi ine 15.6-inch inobata skrini, inoratidzira 12.3-inch inoratidza zviratidzo zvese, uye 6.8-inch touchscreen yevanofamba kumashure. Hunde yeiyi pombi ndeye mita imwe yakadzika uye ine inokiya kufamba-kuburikidza nekamuri yekuchengetera yezvinhu zvakakura. Iyo mota yemagetsi yakagadzirirwa zvese-vhiri dhiraivha system iyo inogovera simba pakati pemagetsi mana emagetsi akaiswa pane yega vhiri.
Aston Martin Rapide E - No3
Hwerengedzo yemakumi mashanu nemashanu emota dzakadai dzakarongerwa kugadzirwa. Vanofara varidzi veiyi modhi vanogashira iyo Aston ine 155 kWh lithium-ion bhatiri uye maviri emagetsi emagetsi ane huwandu hwakazara hwe65 hp. uye 602 Nm. Iyo yekumhanyisa kumhanya kwemotokari ndeye 950 km / h, inomhanyisa kusvika mazana mumasekondi asingasviki mana.
Rwendo rwekufambisa kweiyo WLTP kutenderera inofungidzirwa pa320 km. Chaji yakazara kubva kune makumi mashanu-kilowatt terminal inotora ingangoita awa, uye kubva ku50-kilowatt terminal inotora maminetsi makumi mana.
BMW iX3
BMW yekutanga kugadzirwa kwemagetsi crossover inongova restyled X3 papuratifomu yemagetsi, mune iyo injini, kufambisa uye magetsi emagetsi izvozvi zvasanganiswa kuita chinhu chimwe chete. Iyo bhatiri inokwana 70 kWh, iyo inokutendera iwe kutyaira mazana mana emakiromita pane iyo WLTP kutenderera. Iyo mota yemagetsi inogadzira 400 hp, uye zvinotora chete hafu yeawa kuti uzadze huwandu kubva pakubhadharisa kusvika ku268 kW.
Kusiyana neBMW i3, iX3 yakanga isina kugadzirwa semotokari yemagetsi, asi yaishandisa chikuva chiripo. Maitiro aya anopa BMW kugona kukuru mukugadzira, ichibvumira mota dzakauchikwa uye dzemagetsi kuti dzivakwe panzvimbo imwechete. Mutengo weBMW iX3 unotarisirwa kunge uchikomberedza $ 71,500.
Iyo Audi e-tron GT
E-Tron GT kubva kuAudi ichave mota yechitatu yemagetsi-magetsi kuunzwa mukugadzirwa mukupera kwegore rino. Iyo mota ichagamuchira ina-mavhiri ekutyaira, iyo yakazara simba remaviri magetsi emagetsi ichave 590 litita. kubva. Iyo mota ichawedzera kusvika ku100 km / h mumasekonzi 3.5 chete, ichisvika kumhanya yepamusoro ingangoita 240 km / h. Iyo renji pane iyo WLTP kutenderera inofungidzirwa pamazana mazana mana emakiromita, uye kuchaja kusvika ku400 muzana kuburikidza ne80-volt system inotora maminetsi makumi maviri chete.
Kutenda kuhurongwa hwekudzoreredza, kudzikisira kusvika pa0.3g inogona kushandiswa pasina rubatsiro rwema disc mabhureki. Iyo yemukati inoshandisa zvakaomarara zvinhu, kusanganisira vegan dehwe. Audi e-tron GT ndeyehama yePorsche Taycan uye inotarisirwa kuita madhora zviuru zana nemazana matatu.
Mini Magetsi
Kana ichinge yabva pamutsetse wegungano munaKurume 2020, Mini Electric ichave yakachipa pamota-yemagetsi mune BMW kunetsekana, uye inodhura zvakaderera pane BMW i3. Iyo mota inogona kumhanyisa kubva ku0 kusvika 100 km / h mumasekonzi 7.3, uye simba reinjini i184 hp. uye 270 Nm.
Iyo yekumhanyisa kumhanyisa inogumira pakatenderedza 150 km / h, iyo yakatenderera paWLTP kutenderera ichasiyana kubva pa199 kusvika 231 km, uye bhatiri rinogona kudzoreredzwa kusvika makumi masere muzana pachiteshi chekuchaja nekukurumidza mumaminitsi makumi matatu chete. Iyo kabhini ine 80-inch inobata skrini uye Harmon Kardon odhiyo sisitimu.
Polish 2
Motokari yemagetsi ine 300 kW (408 hp) ichava yechipiri mumhuri yePolestar (Volvo brand). Panyaya yeunhu hunoshamisa hwehunyanzvi, huchafanana neyakatangira - kukurumidza kusvika zana mu4.7 masekonzi, simba rekuchengetedza 600 km muWLTP kutenderera. Mukati mePolestar 2, kutanga pa $ 65,000, ichange iine 11-inch Android infotainment system kekutanga, uye varidzi vachakwanisa kuvhura motokari vachishandisa "Phone-as-Key" teknolojia.
Volvo XC40 Recharge
Ichave yekutanga Volvo kugadzira ese-magetsi mota ine mutengo wekupinda we $ 65,000. (Kazhinji, kunetsekana kweSweden kunoedza kuona kuti hafu yemamodeli avo akatengeswa ne2025 achapihwa magetsi). Iyo ina-vhiri yekutyaira mota ichagamuchira maviri emagetsi emagetsi ane huwandu hwakazara hwe402 hp, inokwanisa kuimhanyisa kusvika zana muzana mumasekonzi 4.9 uye ichipa yakanyanya kumhanya ye180 km / h.
Simba rinozopihwa kubva pa78 kW * h yekuunganidza bhatiri, iyo inobvumidza kufamba anenge mazana mana emakiromita pane chaji imwechete. Volvo inoti bhatiri richapora kubva pa400kW nekukurumidza kuchaja kusvika makumi masere muzana muzana mumaminitsi makumi mana. Iyo mota yemagetsi ichavakirwa pane nyowani Compact Modular Architecture chikuva, iyo inoshandiswa zvakare paLynk & Co mhando 150, 80 na 40 (ichi chiratidzo ndecheGeely, kambani yemubereki yaVolvo).
Porsche Thai
Icho chokwadi chekuti Porsche iri kuvhura mota dzemagetsi chinotaura zvakawanda. Iyo Taycan inotarisirwa kwazvo, nemutengo wekutanga we $ 108,000, musuwo-mana, zvigaro zvishanu sedan ine mota yemagetsi pane imwe ekisero uye nhanho yemakiromita mazana mana pamakiromita eWLTP.
Ichave ichiwanikwa muTurbo neTurbo S shanduro. Iyo yekupedzisira ichagamuchira chirimwa chemagetsi chinounza 460 kW (616 hp) nesarudzo yekuwedzeredza kuwedzera simba mumasekondi 2.5 kusvika 560 kW (750 hp). Nekudaro, kumhanyisa kusvika ku100 km / h kunotora 2.8 masekondi, uye iyo yekumhanyisa kumhanyisa ichave 260 km / h.
Lotus Evie
Lotus, nekuda kwekudyara kukuru kubva kuGeely, iyo zvakare ine Volvo nePolestar, yakazowana zviwanikwa zvekuvaka yemagetsi hypercar. Ichaita mari inosvika zviuru zviviri nemazana matanhatu emadhora uye michina iyi inosvika zana nemakumi mashanu chete ndiyo ichagadzirwa. Hunhu hwehunyanzvi hwakanyanya - mana emagetsi mota anoburitsa 2,600,000 hp. uye 150 Nm torque; kubva 2,000 kusvika 1700 km / h motokari inokurumidza mumasekondi 0 (300 seconds inokurumidza kupfuura Bugatti Chiron), uye kubva 9 kusvika 5 km / h mumasekonzi asingasviki 0.
Kumhanya kwayo kwepamusoro ndiko 320 km / h. Iyo 680-kilogram bhatiri inokwana 70 kWh haizi pasi pezasi, senge muTesla, asi kuseri kwezvigaro zvekumashure, izvo zvakaderedza kukwirira kwekukwira kusvika pa105 mm uye panguva imwechete yakachengetedza huwandu hwe400 km maererano WLTP kutenderera.
mhedziso
Makambani mazhinji ari kugadzira mabhatiri ane nguva pfupi yekuchaja, achishandisa nanomaterials uye tekinoroji yazvino. Yese-inozviremekedza mota inofunga kuti ibasa kugadzira uye kuvhura pamusika mota inofambiswa nemagetsi. Kugadzirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi panguva ino nenguva inzvimbo yakakosha yekusimudzira indasitiri yemotokari yepasirese.
