Solar powered mota. Maonero uye maonero

Mukutsvaga dzimwe nzira dzemagetsi, makambani emota ari kudyara mari zvakanyanya mukuvandudza. Nekuda kweizvi, nyika yepasirose yakagashira mota dzemagetsi dzinoshanda, pamwe nemasimba emagetsi pahydrogen mafuta.

Nezve hydrogen motors, isu tatova achangobva kutaura... Ngatitarisei zvishoma pane mota dzemagetsi. Mune yakasarudzika vhezheni, iyi mota ine bhatiri hombe (kunyangwe paine zviripo supercapacitor mamodheru), Iyo inobhadhariswa kubva kumagetsi emagetsi, pamwe nekumagaraji chiteshi.

Tichifunga kuti kubhadharisa kumwe chete, kunyanya munguva inotonhora, hakugare kwenguva refu, mainjiniya vari kuyedza kushongedza mota nehurongwa hwekuwedzera simba rinoburitswa panguva yekufamba kwemotokari. Nekudaro, iyo yekudzoreredza sisitimu inounganidza kinetic simba kubva kune braking system, uye kana mota ichimhara, chassis inoshanda sejenareta.

Mimwe mienzaniso yakashongedzerwa neinjini yemukati yemoto, inoshanda chete sejenareta, zvisinei nekuti mota iri kutyaira here kana kuti kwete. Muenzaniso wemotokari dzakadai ndeye Chevrolet Volt.

Pane imwe system iyo inokutendera iwe kuti uwane iyo inodiwa simba pasina inokuvadza utsi. Aya ndiwo mapaneru ezuva. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti iyi tekinoroji yakagara ichishandiswa, semuenzaniso, muchadenga, pamwe nekupa magetsi masimba nesimba rawo.

Chii chaunogona kutaura nezve mukana wekushandisa tekinoroji iyi mumagetsi emagetsi?

Zvose zvinowanikwa

Iyo solar panel inoshanda pane chirevo chekushandura simba remwenje wedu kuva magetsi. Kuti mota ikwanise kufamba chero nguva yezuva, simba rinofanirwa kuunganidzwa mubhatiri. Simba remagetsi iri rinofanira zvakare kupa magetsi anodiwa kune vamwe vatengi anodiwa pakutyaira kwakachengeteka (semuenzaniso, maWiper nemagetsi emagetsi) uye nekunyaradza (semuenzaniso, kudziisa mukamuri revapfuuri).

Makambani akati wandei muUnited States akapayona kushandiswa kweiyi tekinoroji muma1950. Zvisinei, iyi nhanho inoshanda haina kubudirira. Icho chikonzero kwaive kushomeka kwepamusoro-chinzvimbo mabhatiri. Nekuda kweizvi, mota yemagetsi yaive nesimba shoma shoma, kunyanya murima. Iyo purojekiti yakamiswa kusvikira nguva dziri nani.

Mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe, vakave vanofarira tekinoroji zvakare, sezvo zvave kugoneka kugadzira mabhatiri ane hunyanzvi hwakawedzera. Nekuda kweizvi, iyo modhi inogona kuunganidza yakawanda simba, iyo inogona kuzoshandiswa pakufamba.

Kukudziridzwa kwekufambisa kwemagetsi kunoita kuti zvikwanise kushandisa chiraji zvakanyanya. Uye zvakare, yega mota kambani inechido mukuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba nekudzora kudhonza kubva kudrivetrain, kuuya kwemhepo, nezvimwe zvinhu. Izvi zvinokutendera iwe kuti uwedzere simba rekuchengetedza pane imwechete kubhadharisa neanopfuura kiromita imwe. Zvino chinguva chinoyerwa nemazana mazana emakiromita.

Zvakare, kukura kwehuremu hwekunatsurudzwa kwemitumbi uye zvikamu zvakasiyana zvakaridza rubatsiro rwakanaka mune izvi. Izvi zvinoderedza huremu hwemotokari, zvinokanganisa kumhanya kwemotokari. Zvese izvi zvigadzirwa zvekuvandudza zvinoshandiswa mumotokari dzezuva.

Injini dzinoiswa pamota dzakadai dzinofanirwa kutariswa zvakanyanya. Aya ndiwo mamodheru asina mabhurasho. Shanduko dzakadai dzinoshandisa yakasarudzika magineti zvinhu izvo zvinoderedza kutenderera kurwisa uye zvakare zvinowedzera simba remagetsi gwenya.

Imwe sarudzo ine huwandu hwepamusoro ndeye kushandisa mavhiri enjini. Saka chirimwa chemagetsi hachizopedza simba kukurira kuramba kubva kuzvinhu zvakasiyana zvekutapurirana. Mhinduro iyi inonyanya kushanda kumota ine mhando yemagetsi yemagetsi.

Iyo yazvino budiriro inobvumidza kushandiswa kwesimba remagetsi magetsi mune chero chero mota ina-mavhiri. Iko kushandurwa ibhatiri rinochinja. Iyo inokwanisa kuburitsa nemazvo magetsi uye kutora mafomu mazhinji. Kutenda neizvi, magetsi anogona kuiswa mumadhipatimendi akasiyana emota.

Kubhadharisa bhatiri kunoitwa kubva pane iyo pani, iyo inonyanya kuve pamusoro pemotokari, nekuti denga rine chimiro chakati sandara uye rinokutendera iwe kuti uise zvinhu pamakona akakodzera kune mwaranzi yezuva.

Ndeapi mota dzezuva

Anenge ese makambani ari kuvandudza dzinoshanda zuva magetsi. Heano mamwe emafungiro emota mapurojekiti atakatopedza:

• Imotokari yemagetsi yeFrance ine mhando iyi yesimba magetsi ndiyo Venturi Eclectic. Pfungwa iyi yakagadzirwa muna 2006. Imotokari yakagadzirirwa chigamba chemagetsi chinokwana makumi maviri nemaviri emabhiza. Iyo yekumhanyisa yekufambisa yekumhanyisa ndeye 22 km / h, panguva iyo iyo yekufambisa nzvimbo iri makumi mashanu emakiromita. Mugadziri anoshandisa jenareta yemhepo seimwe yekuwedzera simba.
• Astrolab Eclectic kumwe kukura kweiyo imwe kambani yeFrance, inofambiswa nesimba rezuva. Iyo peculiarity yemota ndeyekuti ine yakavhurika muviri, uye pani yacho iri kutenderedza mukomberedzo kutenderedza mutyairi nemutakurwi wake. Izvi zvinoita kuti nzvimbo yegiravhiti ive padhuze nepasi sezvinobvira. Uyu muenzaniso unowedzera kusvika ku120 km / h. Bhatiri pachayo ine hukuru hukuru uye iri yakanangana pasi penzvimbo yezuva. Simba rekumisikidza i16 kW.
• YeDutch mota yezuva yemhuri yese - Stella. Iyo modhi yakagadzirwa neboka revadzidzi muna 2013. Iyo mota yagamuchira ramangwana chimiro, uye muviri wakagadzirwa nealuminium. Iyo yakareba nzvimbo iyo mota inogona kuvhara ingangoita mazana matanhatu emakiromita.
• 2015 yakaona kubuda kweimwe inoshanda modhi, Immortus, yakagadzirwa neEVX Ventures kubva kuMelbourne, Australia. Iyi yemaviri-zvigaro yemagetsi mota ine ine yakanaka solar solar, iyo nzvimbo iri 2286 mativi masendimita. Mumamiriro ekunze ane zuva, mota dzinogona kufamba zuva rese dzisingadzoreki chero chinhambwe. Kupa simba kune-pa-bhodhi network, bhatiri rine chinokwana gumi chete kW / h rinoshandiswa. Nezuva rine makore, mota inokwanisa kuvhara chinhambwe chemakiromita 10, uye kunyangwe ipapo kumhanya kwazvo kwe399 km / h. Iyo kambani inoronga kuvhura iyo modhi mune akateedzana, asi yakaganhurirwa - ingangoita zana makopi. Mutengo wemota yakadaro unenge ungangoita mazana matatu nemakumi matatu ezviuru zvemadhora.
• Imwe mota inoshandisa iyi mhando yesimba inoratidza mibairo yakanaka, kunyangwe semota yemitambo. Iyo Solar World GT yeGreen GT modhi ine mazana mana emabhiza uye nekumhanyisa muganho wemakiromita 400 paawa.
• Muna 2011, kukwikwidzana pakati pemotokari dzezuva kwakaitika. Yakahwinhwa naTokai Challenger 2, mota yemagetsi yeJapan inoshandisa simba rezuva. Imotokari inorema makirogiramu zana nemakumi mana chete uye inomhanyisa kusvika 140 km / h.

Mamiriro ezvinhu nhasi

Muna 2017, kambani yeGerman Sono Motors yakaunza iyo Sion modhi, iyo yatopinda nhevedzano. Mutengo waro unobva ku29 USD. mota yemagetsi iyi yaigashira mapaneru ezuva kanenge kese pamusoro pemuviri.

Iyo mota inomhanyisa kusvika ku100 km / h. mumasekondi mapfumbamwe, uye muganho wekumhanya makiromita 9 / awa. Iyo bhatiri ine inokwana makumi matatu nemashanu kW / h uye simba rekuchengetedza remakiromita mazana maviri nemashanu. Girazi rezuva rinopa recharge diki (kwezuva riri muzuva, bhatiri rinongo zadzwazve kufukidza makiromita makumi mana), asi mota haigone kutyairwa chete nesimba iri.

Mu2019, mainjiniya echiDutch kubva kuYunivhesiti yeEindhoven vakazivisa kutanga kwekutora pre-maodha ekugadzirwa kweyakaganhurirwa edition Lightyear. Zvinoenderana neinjiniya, iyi modhi inoratidzira ma parameter emota yemagetsi yakanaka: kureba pamutero mumwe uye kugona kuunganidza simba rakaringana rerwendo rurefu.

Dzimwe dzenhengo dzechikwata dzakashandira Tesla uye mamwe makambani anozivikanwa emota ari kuita zvakanyanya mukugadzira mota dzemagetsi dzinoshanda. Nekuda kwechiitiko ichi, timu yakakwanisa kugadzira mota ine rakakura simba chengetedzo (zvichienderana nekumhanya kwekufambisa, iyi paramende inosiyana kubva pamakiromita mazana mana kusvika mazana masere).

Seizvo mugadziri anovimbisa, mota ichakwanisa kufamba dzinosvika zviuru makumi maviri zvemakiromita pagore chete pane simba rezuva. Iyi dhata yaifarira vazhinji vanofarira mota, nekuda kwekuti kambani iyi yakakwanisa kukwezva vangangoita mamirioni gumi nemashanu euros mukudyara uye vakaunganidza angangoita zana pre-maodha munguva pfupi. Ichokwadi, mutengo wemota yakadaro ndeye 20 zviuru zvemayuro.

Mugore rimwe chete, mutyairi wechiJapan akazivisa kuyedzwa kwemotokari yenyika yakasanganiswa, iyo Prius, ine maseru ezuva. Sezvakavimbiswa nevamiririri vekambani, muchina unenge uine mapaneru e-Ultra-matete, ayo anoshandiswa muastronutics. Izvi zvinobvumidza muchina kuti uve wakasununguka wepulagi nesoketi sezvinobvira.

To musi, zvinozivikanwa kuti womuenzaniso anogona recharged mune zuva okunze okunze chete 56 makiromita. Zvakare, mota inogona kumira munzvimbo yekupaka kana kutyaira munzira. Sekureva kweinjiniya anotungamira wedhipatimendi, Satoshi Shizuki, iyo modhi haizoburitswa mune akateedzana munguva pfupi, nekuti chipingamupinyi chikuru pane izvi kutadza kugadzira cell-inoshanda yezuva rezuva kuti iwanikwe kune mutyairi wemagetsi.

Zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira zvezuva mota

Nekudaro, mota yezuva ndiyo imwechete mota yemagetsi, chete iyo inoshandisa imwe simba sosi - rezuva panhare. Kunge chero mota yemagetsi, mhando yemotokari iyi ine zvinotevera:

• Hapana chisi, asi chete mune nyaya yekushandisa chete magetsi;
• Kana iyo injini yemoto yemukati ichingoshandiswa sejenareta, izvi zvakare zvine zvazvinoita pane hushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza hwekutakura. Chikwata chemagetsi hachina kuwandisa kuwanda, nekuda kwekuti iyo MTC inopisa zvinobudirira;
• Chero bhatiri kugona kunogona kushandiswa. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti mota inogona kumutora;
• Kushaikwa kwezvikamu zvemakanika zvakaomarara kunovimbisa hupenyu hwakareba hwebasa remota;
• Kunyaradzwa kwepamusoro uchityaira. Panguva yekushanda, chirimwa chemagetsi hachitauri, uye zvakare hachizunguze;
• Iko hakuna kudikanwa kwekutsvaga kwakakodzera mafuta einjini;
• Zviitiko zvemazuva ano zvinovimbisa mashandisiro anoshanda esimba rinoburitswa mune chero chekufambisa, asi harishandiswe mune zvakajairika mota.

Kune zvese zvinokanganisa mota dzemagetsi, mota dzezuva dzine zvadzinotevera zvinotevera:

• Solar mapaneru anodhura zvakanyanya. Iyo bhajeti sarudzo inoda nzvimbo hombe yekuratidzwa nechiedza chezuva, uye macompact moditions anoshandiswa muchadenga, uye anodhura zvakanyanya kune vanofarira motawo zvavo;
• Solar mota haana kusimba uye anokurumidza seyakajairika peturu kana dhiziri mota. Kunyangwe ichi chiri chekuwedzera kuchengetedzeka kwekufambisa kwakadai - paizove nevashambadziri vashoma mumigwagwa vasingatore hupenyu hwevamwe zvakanyanya;
• Kuchengetedza mota dzakadai hazvigoneke, nekuti kunyangwe hofisi dzebasa hadzina nyanzvi dzinonzwisisa kuiswa uku.

Izvi ndizvo zvikonzero zvikuru nei kunyangwe anoshanda makopi achiramba ari muchikamu chepfungwa. Sezviri pachena, munhu wese akamirira mumwe munhu anozoshandisa nemaune mari hombe kuti zvinhu zvifambe. Chimwe chinhu chakafanana chakaitika apo makambani mazhinji aive nemhando dzekushanda dzemotokari dzemagetsi. Nekudaro, kudzamara kambani yaElon Musk yatora mutoro wese, hapana munhu aida kushandisa mari yavo, asi akafunga kuenda nenzira yatove kurohwa.

Heano kukurumidza kuongorora kweimwe mota yakadaro, iyo Toyota Prius:

Wow! Toyota Prius pane maseru ezuva!