Kodi mungasinthe bwanji mafuta a injini?

Mukazindikira nthawi yosintha mafuta mugalimoto, oyendetsa ambiri amatsogoleredwa ndi kuwerenga kwa odometer. Malinga ndi malingaliro a wopanga, kuchuluka kwa njirayi kuyenera kukhala (kutengera mtundu wamagalimoto) makilomita 10-15 zikwi zilizonse.

Komabe, palibe amene angakhale mgulu pankhaniyi. Kusintha kwamafuta kwamafuta sikudalira mwachindunji mtunda wamagalimoto, koma pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi. Zomwe zimakhudza mtundu wamafuta?

Zomwe zimakhudza pafupipafupi m'malo

Mafuta a injini ayenera kusinthidwa kuti injini itsukidwe pazinyalala zomwe zidabwera. Komanso, mafuta owotchera amakhala okhwima ndipo amasiya kuthana ndi cholinga chake (kupangira mafutawo mbali). Chifukwa chake, choyambirira, kuchuluka kwa kulowetsa m'malo kumadalira kufulumira kwa kupsa mtima.

Izi zimakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zambiri. Nazi izi zazikulu.

• Kutentha kwa injini. Mafuta, propane ndi dizilo zimatenthetsa mphamvu yamagetsi ikatenthedwa. Injini zamakono zimatha kutentha mpaka madigiri 115. Ngati injini yoyaka mkati imatentha kwambiri, "imakalamba" mwachangu.
• Mtundu wamafuta. Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu yamafuta. Ndizopanga, zopanga pang'ono komanso mchere. Onse ali ndi makulidwe awo komanso malo otentha. Kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wolakwika kudzafupikitsa nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mafuta.
• Kulowa kozizira ndi mafuta mumafuta kumasintha mawonekedwe a mafuta. Komabe, pamenepa, musanasinthe, muyenera kupeza ndikuchotsa chifukwa chomwe mafuta akunja alowa mu mafuta. Nthawi zambiri vutoli limawonetsa kuphwanya kulimba kwa kulumikizana pakati pamiyala yamphamvu ndi mutu wamphamvu (kusinthira gasket kudzafunika).

Zowonjezera

Izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimadalira driver yekha komanso momwe makinawo amagwirira ntchito.

• Njinga ntchito akafuna. Galimoto ikagunda nthawi yayitali kwambiri kapena kuyenda pang'ono pamsewu, mafutawo samazizira bwino, zomwe zimachepetsanso nthawi yosinthira mafuta chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri.
• Njira zoyendetsa. Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe mtundu wamafuta umadalira. M'mizinda, dalaivala amathamanga ndipo amachepetsa kwambiri nthawi zambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuyendetsa pama revs apakatikati ndikosatheka. Kuyendetsa pamsewu wopyapyala kumapangitsa kuti mafuta azitentha mofanana. Izi zimachitika ngakhale mutathamanga kwambiri (koma munjira yovomerezeka yama injini).
• Katundu pa yamphamvu-pisitoni gulu. Kuyendetsa pamakwera ataliatali ndi pansi, komanso kuyendetsa ndi kalavani yolemera, kumakulitsa katundu pa injini. Chifukwa cha izi, kutentha kwamafuta pamiyeso yamafuta a piston kumawonjezeka, komwe kumachepetsa moyo wake wantchito.

Nthawi yolondola yosinthira mafuta

Monga mukuwonera, kukonza sikuyenera kuchitidwa kutengera kutalika kwa galimoto. Pachifukwachi, akatswiri apanga chilinganizo chapadera, chomwe chimatsimikizira kuti ndiyofunika liti m'malo mwake. Zotsatira za chilinganizo ichi ndi maola a injini. Ndiye kuti, imawerengera nthawi yothamanga ya injini.

Mwachitsanzo, wopanga magalimoto adakhazikitsa nthawi yomasulira mafuta mu 10 kilomita zikwi. Ngati dalaivala amayendetsa mumsewu waukulu, ndiye kuti amayenda mtundawu m'maola 100 pa liwiro la 100 km / h. Komabe, mafutawo azigwirabe ntchito. Koma ngati mungasunthire mumzinda wa "mzinda" ndi liwiro loyenda la makilomita 25 / ola, ndiye kuti galimotoyo imagwira ntchito pafupifupi maola 500. Poterepa, mafutawo amakhala akuda pakusintha. Monga mukuwonera, mtunda womwewo umakhudzanso mafuta.

Chiwerengero cha akatswiri

Monga tanena kale, kuchuluka kwakanthawi kochezera kumalo operekera chithandizo kumadalira mtundu wa mafuta. Pansipa pali tebulo lomwe limakupatsani mwayi wodziwa nthawi izi, kutengera nthawi yogwirira ntchito. Zambiri zoperekedwa ndi American Petroleum Institute.

Njinga mafuta mtundu	Chiwerengero cha maola ogwira ntchito
Mchere (15W40)	150
Zotsogola (10W40)	250
Kupanga (5W40):
Kupanga ma Hydrocracking (0W40)	300 - 350
Polyalphaolefin yochokera (5W40)	350 - 400
Kutengera ma polyesters ndi ma diesters (ester) (7.5W40)	400 - 450

Kuti muwerenge kuchuluka kwa maola ogwira ntchito, galimotoyo iyenera kukhala ndi zida zowongolera zamagetsi. Mwa zina, chipangizocho chimawerengera liwiro lagalimoto pamtunda wotalika. Kuwerengera kumachitika molingana ndi njira zotsatirazi. Chiwerengero cha maola ogwiritsira ntchito (akuwonetsedwa patebulo) chimachulukitsidwa ndi liwiro lapakati (chizindikiro cha ECU). Zotsatira zake zidzakhala lamulo lofunikira: kutalika kwa mileage, pambuyo pake kukonzanso mphamvu yamagetsi kudzafunika.

Chifukwa chiyani mumafunikira kusintha kwamafuta pafupipafupi

Mafuta aliwonse, akhale opangira, semisynthetics, kapena madzi amchere, amakhala ndi zowonjezera zina. Kutengera ndi wopanga, ali ndi "alumali moyo" wawo, kapena gwero lomwe zowonjezera zimakhalabe momwe ziliri koyambirira. Nthawi zina, pangafunike kusintha mafuta pakapita nthawi.

Galimoto ikachita ulesi kwa nthawi yayitali, zowonjezera mumafuta zimayamba kuchepa. Zotsatira zake, magalimoto satetezedwa, ngakhale pamtengo woyenera. Chifukwa chake, opanga ena amalimbikitsa kuti m'malo mwake muzisintha pakadutsa miyezi ingapo, kapena kamodzi pachaka.

Zachidziwikire, zili kwa dalaivala aliyense kusankha pomwe angasinthe mafuta a injini. Iyenera kutengera magawo amtundu wanyamula, katundu pa injini ndi magwiridwe antchito amkati oyaka.

Kuphatikiza apo, penyani kanema wamfupi pamasinthidwe amafuta:

Kusintha kwamafuta a injini

Mafunso wamba:

Kodi mafuta? Pachifukwa ichi pali khosi lapadera lodzaza mafuta. Chithunzi cha mafuta chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pachikuto chake. Khosi ili lili pamoto palokha.

Ndikufunika kuti ndisinthe mafuta ndimakilomita angati? Chiwerengerochi chimadalira mtundu wamagalimoto. Kwenikweni, nthawiyo ndi 10-15 ma kilomita zikwi kapena kamodzi pachaka ngati galimoto ikuyenda mwadzidzidzi.

Kodi ndi zosefera ziti zomwe zimasintha ndikusintha mafuta? Popeza kusintha kwamafuta kumachitika ngati gawo lokonzanso zinthu, mafuta, mafuta, mpweya ndi ma kabati amayenera kusinthidwa ndi madzi awa.

Kodi nthawi zambiri muyenera kusintha mafuta pa mtunda otsika? Lamulo la kusintha mafuta mu injini ndi makilomita 10 mpaka 15 zikwi, kapena ndi mtunda otsika kamodzi pachaka. M'makina ena, makinawo amasankha nthawi yosinthira.

Chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati simusintha mafuta kwa zaka ziwiri? Utali wautali wa alumali wamafuta umaloledwa pokhapokha muzosindikiza zosindikizidwa zoyambirira. Ikalowa mu injini, mpweya umayamba kuchitapo kanthu, ndipo mafutawo amakhala oxidized.

Chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati musintha mafuta pafupipafupi? Pakusintha kwamafuta, pomwe mafuta atsopano amapopedwa kudzera munjira za injini, amakumana ndi njala yamafuta kwakanthawi, makamaka ngati kusinthaku kumachitika m'nyengo yozizira. Kulowa m'malo pafupipafupi kumapangitsa injiniyo kukhala ndi nkhawa zosafunikira.