Kodi ma JTD motors amalephera kukhala otetezeka? Chidule cha msika ndi ntchito

JTD ndi chidule cha uniJet Turbo Diesel, i.e. mayina a injini dizilo anaika pa magalimoto a gulu Fiat.

Anthu aku Italiya amaonedwa kuti ndi omwe amatsogolera jekeseni mwachindunji, ngakhale kuti zigawo zina zidaperekedwa ndi opanga ku Germany. Pazaka zopitilira 25, sizowopsa kunena kuti gawo la Fiat pakukula kwa injini za dizilo padziko lonse lapansi lakhala lalikulu. Zinali wopanga Italy mu 80s, amene anayambitsa injini dizilo woyamba ndi jekeseni mwachindunji mafuta, amene anaikidwa pa chitsanzo Croma.

Ochita nawo msika sanali osayanjanitsika ndipo amapititsa patsogolo teknoloji yawo chaka ndi chaka, ndipo panthawiyi, Fiat anatenga sitepe ina ndikuyambitsa galimoto yoyamba yapadziko lonse yokhala ndi injini ya dizilo wamba pansi pa hood. Inali nthawi yopambana kwenikweni. Chokhacho chomwe chidadzutsa kukayikira chinali kulimba kwa kapangidwe katsopano ndi mayunitsi a injini.

JTD injini. Matembenuzidwe oyendetsa

Yaing'ono injini JTD anali buku la malita 1.3, anali Baibulo ake oyambirira (anapangidwa ku Poland), amene mu 2005 analandira mphoto yapadera, ndendende udindo wapamwamba "International Engine of the Year" mu gulu la mayunitsi mpaka 1.4 lita. Injini yomwe idapatsidwa idapezeka mumitundu iwiri yamphamvu: 70 hp. ndi 90hp mu: Fiat 500, Grande Punto, Opel Astra, Meriva, Corsa kapena Suzuki Swift.

Kuyambira 2008, wopanga adaperekanso mtundu wa 1.6-lita wokhala ndi 90 hp, 105 hp. ndi 120hp motsatira. Yamphamvu kwambiri, inali ndi fakitale ya DPF fyuluta, yomwe inalola kuti igwirizane ndi mlingo wa Euro 5. Ikhoza kulamulidwa, pakati pa ena, kwa Fiat Bravo, Grande Punto, Lancia Delta kapena Alfa Romeo MiTo. 1.9 JTD yodziwika bwino inayamba mu Alfa Romeo 156. Ma valve asanu ndi atatu a 1.9 JTD UniJet adachokera ku 80 mpaka 115 hp, MultiJet kuchokera ku 100 mpaka 130 hp, ndi MultiJet yachisanu ndi chimodzi kuchokera ku 136 mpaka 190 hp. Zawonekera m'mitundu yambiri ya Alfa Romeo, Fiat, Lancia, Opel, Saab ndi Suzuki.

Injini ya 2.0 MultiJet inaliponso pamsika, ndipo ichi sichina koma chitukuko cha 1.9 MultiJet chokhala ndi 150 hp. Voliyumu yogwira ntchito idakwera ndi 46 cubic metres. masentimita powonjezera kukula kwa masilindala kuchokera 82 mpaka 83 mm. Mu injini yamakono, chiŵerengero cha kuponderezana chinachepetsedwa, chomwe chinali ndi zotsatira zabwino pa kuchepetsa mpweya wa nitrogen oxide. Kuphatikiza apo, gawoli lidalandira fyuluta ya tinthu tating'onoting'ono komanso makina otulutsa mpweya wa EGR. MultiJet 2.0 inalipo mu Fiat ndi Lancia mumitundu ya 140 hp, komanso ku Alfa Romeo komwe idavotera 170 hp.

Onaninso: Skoda Octavia vs. Toyota Corolla. Duel mu gawo C

M'kupita kwa nthawi, nkhawa anakonza dongosolo latsopano kwathunthu JTD ndi buku la malita 2.2 mu njira ziwiri mphamvu - 170 HP. ndi 210 hp, zopangidwira magalimoto amasewera a Maserati ndi Alfa Romeo, komanso makamaka mitundu ya Ghibli, Levane, Stelvio ndi Giulia. . Mitundu ya ku Italy imaphatikizaponso mtundu wa 5-cylinder ndi voliyumu ya malita 2.4, komanso injini za 2.8 ndi 3.0. Waukulu wa iwo unaperekedwa kwa magalimoto monga Maserati Ghibli ndi Levante, komanso Jeep Grand Cherokee ndi Wrangler.  

JTD injini. Operation ndi zolephera

Injini zaku Italy za JTD ndi JTDM mosakayikira ndizochita bwino, zomwe zitha kudabwitsa ena. Zowonongeka kwambiri ndizosowa, zowonongeka zazing'ono zimachitika, koma izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mtunda wautali, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kapena molemera kwambiri, kapena kusamalidwa bwino, komwe kumakhala kosavuta kupeza.

• 1.3 MultiJet

Mtundu woyamba (m'badwo woyamba) womwe umayikidwa pa Fiats uli ndi turbocharger yokhala ndi geometry yokhazikika, yamphamvu kwambiri imakhala ndi turbine yosinthika ya geometry. Ubwino wosakayikitsa wa injini yaying'ono iyi ndi njira yogawa gasi, yomwe imachokera pa unyolo ndi clutch yolimba yamtundu umodzi. Ndi kuthamanga pafupifupi 150 - 200 zikwi. km, pakhoza kukhala vuto ndi valavu ya EGR.

Pogula galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito, muyenera kumvetsera poto ya mafuta, yomwe imakhala yochepa kwambiri, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yovuta kwambiri kuwonongeka. Pali mitundu iwiri yamagetsi pamsika: yokhala ndi zosefera za dizilo zomwe zimagwirizana ndi miyezo ya Euro 5 komanso yopanda sefa ya dizilo yomwe imagwirizana ndi Euro 4.

Nthawi zambiri, zosefera zimapezeka m'magalimoto ankaitanitsa kuchokera kunja, kumene muyezo Euro 5 wakhala mphamvu kuyambira 2008, ndipo mu Poland anaonekera mu 2010. Pakadali pano, mu 2009, m'badwo wachiwiri wa 1.3 Multijet idakhazikitsidwa ndi fyuluta yoyika fakitale. Ichi ndi chomanga cholimba chomwe, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, chimatha kuyenda makilomita 200-250 zikwi. mailosi popanda mavuto.

• 1.6 MultiJet

Injiniyo idawonekera mu 2008 ndipo ndi ya 1.9 JTD. Maziko a injini ndi chipika chachitsulo chokhala ndi ma camshaft awiri oyendetsedwa ndi lamba. Pamapangidwe awa, mainjiniya amayang'ana kwambiri pakuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta komanso kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wagalimoto. 1.6 MultiJet ili ndi masilinda anayi, njira yachiwiri ya Common Rail ndi kapangidwe kosavuta.

Turbocharger yokhala ndi geometry yokhazikika imatha kupezeka mumitundu ya 90 ndi 105 hp. Mitundu yofooka kwambiri ilibe zosefera. Mu injini iyi, Fiat adagwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwamayankho osangalatsa kwambiri, ndiye fyuluta ya DPF idakhazikitsidwa nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa kompresa, yomwe idakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakufikira kutentha kwakukulu kwa mwaye - zomwe zimapangitsa kuti fyulutayo ikhale yopanda kukonza.

• 1.9 JTD Unijet

Titha kunena mosabisa kuti iyi ndi imodzi mwamagalimoto amtundu waku Italy. Nthawi yopanga yake idagwa 1997-2002. Mapangidwe a valve eyiti analipo m'njira zingapo zamagetsi, injinizo zinali zosiyana ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikizapo. manifolds, injectors ndi turbos.

80hp mtundu anali ndi turbocharger yokhala ndi ma geometry okhazikika a masamba, ena onse - okhala ndi geometry yosinthika. Dongosolo la jakisoni wa solenoid linaperekedwa ndi Bosch ndipo limatha kukonzedwa motsika mtengo pakagwa vuto. Miyendo yothamanga ndi thermostat, komanso EGR, ikhoza kukhala yadzidzidzi (yotsekedwa). Pamtunda wautali kwambiri, imatha kugundana ndi ma flywheel awiri, ngati izi zitachitika, zitha kusinthidwa ndi gudumu limodzi lalikulu.  

• 1.9 8В / 16V MultiJet

Wotsatira adawonekera mu 2002 ndipo, mosiyana ndi omwe adatsogolera, adasiyana makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito jekeseni wa Common Rail II. Akatswiri makamaka amalangiza zosankha za ma valve 8. Pankhaniyi, nozzles anaperekedwanso ndi kampani German Bosch. Chodziwika kwambiri pamsika ndi mtundu wa 120-horsepower. Chopereka cha opanga chinalinso ndi injini ya 1.9-lita yamapasa-supercharged. Ndi mapangidwe apamwamba kwambiri komanso okwera mtengo kukonza. Mu 2009, mbadwo watsopano wa injini Multijet 2 unayambitsidwa.

• 2.0 MultiJet II

Mapangidwe atsopanowo anazikidwa pa m’bale wamng’ono pang’ono. Galimotoyo yakhala ikusintha kangapo komwe kwapangitsa kuti igwirizane ndi miyezo yokhwima ya Euro 5. Chigawochi chimagwira ntchito mofanana ndi DPF fyuluta ndi EGR valve yoyendetsedwa ndi magetsi. Dongosolo la jakisoni wa njanji wamba (lomwe limaperekedwanso ndi Bosch) limapanga kukakamiza kwa bar 2000, valavu ya hydraulic imayeza molondola kuchuluka kwamafuta, zomwe zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a injini. Ogwiritsa ntchito oyika amafotokoza zovuta zamafuta ambiri, fyuluta ya DPF ndi valavu ya EGR, yomwe ndi yamagetsi komanso yokwera mtengo kwambiri kuti isinthe. Pankhaniyi, mungapezenso biturbo version, yomwe ingakhale yokwera mtengo komanso yovuta kwambiri kukonza.

• 2.2JTD

Malinga ndi malingaliro ena, injiniyo idapangidwa kuti ikwaniritse zosowa zamagalimoto apakati operekedwa ndi Fiat ndi Lancia. Mwaukadaulo, ili ndi dongosolo la PSA - ndi Common Rail system. Mu 2006, mainjiniya adasintha kwambiri ndikuwonjezera mphamvu. Akatswiri amatchera khutu ku zovuta zomwe zimachitika mobwerezabwereza (mwamwayi, zitha kusinthidwanso), komanso mawilo amtundu wapawiri ndi fyuluta.  

• 2.4 20 V MultiJet 175/180 km

Galimotoyo inayamba mu 2003, inali ndi mutu wa silinda wa 20 ndi jekeseni wachiwiri wa MultiJet wachiwiri, komanso turbocharger ya geometry ndi DPF fyuluta. Ubwino wosakayikitsa wa mapangidwewo ndi machitidwe abwino kwambiri, kuyaka koyenera komanso chikhalidwe chantchito. Magawo ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri, vuto likhoza kukhala mu fyuluta ya DPF ndi valavu ya EGR.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti izi ndizojambula zapamwamba, choncho ndalama zokonzekera sizotsika. Mtundu woyambirira wa 10-valve, womwe unapangidwa pakati pa 1997 ndi 2002, unali wokhazikika, unali ndi ziwalo zosavuta, choncho unali ndi moyo wautali ndipo, chofunika kwambiri, kukonza zotsika mtengo.

• 2.8 MultiJet

Izi ndi zopangidwa ndi VM Motori, wopanga mayunitsi a dizilo aku Italy kutengera ukadaulo wamba wanjanji ndi majekeseni a piezoelectric omwe ali ndi mphamvu ya 1800 bar. Kuipa kwa mapangidwe awa ndizovuta DPF fyuluta. Makamaka poyendetsa mumzindawu, mwaye wambiri umadziunjikira, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu ya injini ndikukonza zodula. Ngakhale izi, gululi lili ndi mbiri yokhazikika.

• 3.0 V6 MultiJet

Mapangidwe awa adapangidwanso ndi VM Motori, yokhala ndi geometry turbocharger yochokera ku kampani yotchuka ya Garret komanso makina amagetsi a MultiJet II. Chipangizocho ndi chotheka, ogwiritsa ntchito amatsindika kuti kukonza kofunikira (panthawi imodzi) kusintha kwamafuta kuyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi kuposa momwe wopanga amafotokozera.

JTD injini. Ndi unit iti yomwe ingasankhe bwino?

Monga mukuonera, pali mitundu yambiri ya mabanja a JTD ndi JTDM, injini ndi zabwino, koma ngati tikulankhula za mtsogoleri, timasankha mtundu wa 1.9 JTD. Amakanika ndi ogwiritsa ntchito eni ake amayamika gawoli chifukwa chochita bwino komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta moyenera. Palibe kusowa kwa zida zosinthira pamsika, zimapezeka pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo ndipo nthawi zambiri pamtengo wokwanira. Mwachitsanzo, zida zanthawi zonse zokhala ndi mpope wamadzi zimawononga pafupifupi PLN 300, zida zowakira zokhala ndi mawilo awiri-misala pamtundu wa 105 hp. Kuonjezera apo, maziko a 1300 JTD amatsutsana ndi mafuta otsika kwambiri, omwe, mwatsoka, amakhudza kwambiri chikhalidwe cha ntchito yake, koma chinachake. 

Skoda. Presentation of the line of SUVs: Kodiaq, Kamiq and Karoq