Kukhuthala kwa mafuta a injini - timazindikira popanda mavuto
Zamkatimu
Kusankha lubricant injini ya galimoto yanu sikovuta ngati inu mukudziwa chimene mamasukidwe akayendedwe a injini mafuta ndi zina mwa magawo ake. Dalaivala aliyense akhoza kumvetsa nkhaniyi.
Mafuta mamasukidwe akayendedwe - ndichiyani?
Madzimadziwa amagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika zomwe zimawonetsetsa kuti injini ikugwira ntchito: kuchotsa zinthu zovala, kuwonetsetsa kuti chizindikirocho chizikhala cholimba cha silinda, kuthira mafuta azinthu zokwerera. Poganizira kuti kutentha kwa magwiridwe antchito amagetsi amakono ndi otakataka, zimakhala zovuta kwa opanga kupanga "zabwino" za injini.
Koma amatha kupanga mafuta omwe amathandizira kuti injini igwire bwino ntchito, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti imagwira ntchito mosasamala. Chizindikiro chofunika kwambiri cha mafuta aliwonse a injini ndi kalasi ya viscosity, yomwe imatsimikizira luso la kupanga kuti likhalebe ndi madzi ake, otsalira pamwamba pa zigawo za mphamvu. Ndiko kuti, kudziwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe kutsanulira mafuta injini mu injini kuyaka mkati, ndipo musadandaule za ntchito yake yachibadwa.
Mphamvu ndi kinematic mamasukidwe akayendedwe mafuta injini
American Union of Automotive Engineers SAE yapanga dongosolo lomveka bwino lomwe limakhazikitsa ma viscosity magiredi amafuta amagalimoto. Zimatengera mitundu iwiri ya mamasukidwe akayendedwe - kinematic ndi zamphamvu. Yoyamba imayezedwa mu capillary viscometers kapena (yomwe imatchulidwa kawirikawiri) mu centistoke.
Kinematic mamasukidwe akayendedwe amafotokoza fluidity ake pa kutentha ndi yachibadwa (100 ndi 40 digiri Celsius, motero). Koma kukhuthala kwamphamvu, komwe kumatchedwanso mtheradi, kumatanthawuza mphamvu yotsutsa yomwe imapangidwa pakuyenda kwa zigawo ziwiri zamadzimadzi olekanitsidwa ndi 1 centimita kuchokera pa liwiro la 1 cm / s. Dera la gawo lililonse limayikidwa lofanana ndi 1 cm. Imayesedwa ndi ma viscometers ozungulira.
Momwe mungadziwire kukhuthala kwa injini yamafuta molingana ndi muyezo wa SAE?
Dongosololi silimayika magawo amtundu wamafuta. M'mawu ena, mamasukidwe akayendedwe index wa mafuta injini sangathe kupereka woyendetsa mfundo zomveka bwino za madzi enieni ndi bwino kudzaza injini ya "chitsulo kavalo". Koma zilembo za alphanumeric kapena digito za kapangidwe ka SAE zimalongosola kutentha kwa mpweya pamene mafuta angagwiritsidwe ntchito, komanso nyengo yogwiritsira ntchito.
Kuzindikira mamasukidwe akayendedwe a injini mafuta malinga SAE sikovuta. Mafuta a nyengo yonse amalembedwa motere - SAE 0W-20, kumene:
- nambala 20 - chizindikiro cha kutentha mamasukidwe akayendedwe akayendedwe;
- kalata yachingerezi W "amapereka chilolezo" kuti agwiritse ntchito mafuta m'nyengo yozizira;
- nambala 0 imatsimikizira mtengo wotsika kwambiri wa kutentha komwe umaloledwa kuyambitsa injini mpaka -40 ° C.
Kugawika kwamafuta agalimoto ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe anyengo ndikosavuta. Nthawi yachilimwe imawoneka ngati SAE 50, yozizira - SAE 20W.
M'zochita, kalasi ya SAE imasankhidwa kutengera momwe kutentha kwanyengo yozizira kumakhala kofanana ndi dera lomwe galimotoyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito. madalaivala Russian zambiri kusankha mankhwala ndi index 10W-40, monga mulingo woyenera kwambiri ntchito pa kutentha kwa -25 madigiri. Ndipo zambiri mwatsatanetsatane za kutsata magulu akayendedwe akunyumba ndi makalasi mayiko zili mu galimoto mafuta mamasukidwe tebulo tebulo. Kuzipeza pa intaneti sikovuta konse.
Kuphatikiza pagulu lofotokozedwa lamafuta ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe, amagawidwa molingana ndi ACEA ndi API. Iwo amaonetsa lubricant galimoto mawu a khalidwe, koma tikambirana izi mu nkhani ina pa mamasukidwe akayendedwe a lubricant kwa injini galimoto.
