Mitundu, zida ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito chilimbikitso choyambira injini

Madalaivala ambiri pantchito yawo amakumana ndi kutulutsa kwa batri, makamaka nyengo yachisanu. Batire yolumikizidwa sikufuna kutembenuza sitata mwanjira iliyonse. Zikatero, muyenera kuyang'ana woperekayo "kuyatsa" kapena kuyika batire. Choyambitsa choyambira kapena chowonjezera chingathandizenso kuthana ndi vutoli. Tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.

Kodi choyambitsa choyambira ndi chiyani

Chotengera choyambira (ROM) chimathandizira batiri lakufa kuyambitsa injini kapena kulibwezeretsanso. Dzina lina la chipangizocho ndi "Chowonjezera" (kuchokera ku Chingerezi chowonjezera), kutanthauza chida chilichonse chothandizira kapena chokulitsira.

Ndiyenera kunena kuti lingaliro loyambitsa charger ndilatsopano kwambiri. Ma ROM akale, ngati angafune, atha kusonkhanitsidwa ndi manja anu. Koma izi zinali zazikulu komanso zolemera. Zinali zovuta kwambiri kapena zosatheka kunyamula nanu nthawi zonse.

Zonsezi zidasintha ndikubwera kwa mabatire a lithiamu-ion. Mabatire opangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito lusoli amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafoni amakono ndi ukadaulo wina wa digito. Tikhoza kunena kuti ndi maonekedwe awo panali kusintha m'munda wa batri. Gawo lotsatila pakupanga ukadaulo uwu ndikuwonekera kwa ma lithiamu-polima (Li-pol, Li-polimer, LIP) ndi mabatire a lithiamu-iron-phosphate (LiFePO4, LFP).

Mapaketi amagetsi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mabatire a lithiamu polima. Amatchedwa "mphamvu" chifukwa chokhoza kupereka chiwongola dzanja chachikulu, kangapo kuposa mtengo wamphamvu zawo.

Mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popititsira patsogolo mphamvu. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa mabatire amenewa ndi magetsi okhazikika komanso osasintha pamphamvu ya 3-3,3V. Mwa kulumikiza zinthu zingapo, mutha kupeza magetsi ofunikira pama network a 12V. LiFePO4 imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cathode.

Mabatire onse a lithiamu polymer ndi lithiamu iron phosphate ndi ofanana kukula kwake. Kukula kwa mbaleyo kumatha kukhala pafupifupi millimeter. Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ma polima ndi zinthu zina, mulibe madzi mu batri, zimatha kutenga mawonekedwe aliwonse azithunzi. Koma palinso zovuta, zomwe tidzakambirana mtsogolo.

Mitundu yazida zoyambira injini

Zamakono kwambiri zimaonedwa ngati ma ROM amtundu wa batri okhala ndi mabatire a lithiamu-iron-phosphate, koma pali mitundu ina. Mwambiri, zida izi zitha kugawidwa m'magulu anayi:

• thiransifoma;
• condenser;
• chikhumbo;
• kubwezeredwa.

Zonsezi, mwanjira ina iliyonse, zimapereka mphamvu zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi zamagetsi osiyanasiyana zamagetsi. Tiyeni tione mtundu uliwonse mwatsatanetsatane.

Kusintha

Ma ROM a Transformer amatembenuza magetsi kuti akhale 12V / 24V, kuwongolera ndikuwapereka kuzipangizo / malo.

Amatha kulipiritsa mabatire, kuyambitsa injini, komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati makina owotcherera. Ndizokhazikika, zosunthika komanso zodalirika, koma zimafunikira mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi. Amatha kuyambitsa pafupifupi mayendedwe aliwonse, kupita ku KAMAZ kapena chofukula, koma sioyenda. Chifukwa chake, zovuta zazikulu za ma ROM osinthira ndi kukula kwakukulu ndi kudalira maimelo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'malo operekera mautumiki kapena m'magalaji wamba.

Condenser

Oyamba a Capacitor amangoyambitsa injini, osalipiritsa batri. Amagwira ntchito pamalingaliro achitetezo a ma capacitors okwera kwambiri. Ndi zotheka, zing'onozing'ono, zimayendetsa mwachangu, koma zimakhala ndi zovuta zina. Izi ndizoyambirira, zowopsa pakugwiritsidwa ntchito, kusasamalira bwino, kusachita bwino. Komanso, chipangizocho ndi chodula, koma sichipereka zotsatira zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa.

Khazikitsani

Zipangizozi zimakhala ndi zotengera zowongolera pafupipafupi. Choyamba, chipangizocho chimakweza pafupipafupi, kenako chimatsitsa ndikuwongola, ndikupatsa mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira poyambira injini kapena kulipiritsa.

Flash ROMs amawerengedwa kuti ndiwotsogola kwambiri pazazipangizo zamakono. Amasiyana pamiyeso yaying'ono komanso yotsika mtengo, koma palinso kudziyimira pawokha kokwanira. Kufikira ma mains kumafunika. Komanso, ma ROM amakakamira kutenthedwa kwambiri (kuzizira, kutentha), komanso kutsika kwamagetsi pamaneti.

Rechargeable

Tikulankhula za ROM za batri m'nkhaniyi. Izi ndi zida zotsogola kwambiri, zamakono komanso zophatikizika. Ukadaulo wolimbikitsa ukupita patsogolo kwambiri.

Chida cholimbikitsira

Yoyambira ndi charger yokha ndi bokosi laling'ono. Akatswiri ojambula kukula kwa sutikesi yaying'ono. Koyamba, ambiri amakayikira kugwira kwake, koma ndizachabe. Mkati nthawi zambiri ndimakhala ndi lithiamu iron phosphate batri. Chipangizocho chimaphatikizaponso:

• magetsi olamulira;
• gawo lotetezera motsutsana ndi kufupika, kutakataka komanso kusintha kwa polarity;
• mawonekedwe / owonetsa (pamlanduwo);
• Zolowetsa za USB pakulipiritsa zida zina zotheka;
• tochi.

Ng'ona zimalumikizidwa ndi cholumikizira m'thupi kuti zilumikizane ndi malo omaliza. Gawo losinthira limasinthira 12V mpaka 5V pakulipira kwa USB. Kutalika kwa batri yotheka ndikochepa - kuyambira 3 A * h mpaka 20 A * h.

Momwe ntchito

Tiyeni tikumbukire kuti chilimbikitso chimatha kutumiza kwakanthawi kwakanthawi mafunde akulu a 500A-1A. Kawirikawiri, nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ndi masekondi 000-5, kutalika kwa kupukusa sikupitirira masekondi 10 ndipo sikuposa mayesero asanu. Pali mitundu ingapo yamaphukusi olimbikitsira, koma pafupifupi onse amagwira ntchito chimodzimodzi. Tiyeni tiwone momwe ROM ya "Parkcity GP10" imagwirira ntchito. Ichi ndi chida chokwanira chokhoza kulipiritsa zida zamagetsi ndi zina.

ROM imagwira ntchito m'njira ziwiri:

1. «Yambani Injini»;
2. «Kunyalanyaza».

Njira ya "Start Engine" yapangidwa kuti ithandizire batiri lomwe latsika, koma osati "lakufa" kwathunthu. Mphamvu yamagetsi pamalo omaliza amtunduwu ndi pafupifupi 270A. Pakadali pano pakukwera kapena kudera lalifupi, chitetezo chimayambika nthawi yomweyo. Kulandirana mkati mwa chipangizocho kumangodula kotsekemera, ndikupulumutsa chipangizocho. Chizindikiro cha thupi lolimbikitsira chikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa ndalama. Mwanjira imeneyi, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosungika kangapo. Chipangizocho chiyenera kuthana ndi ntchitoyi mosavuta.

Kuchotsa mawonekedwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa batri lopanda kanthu. Pambuyo poyambitsa, chilimbikitso chimayamba kugwira ntchito m'malo mwa batire. Mwanjira imeneyi, pakadali pano ukufika 400A-500A. Palibe chitetezo pamapeto. Kudera lalifupi sikuyenera kuloledwa, chifukwa chake muyenera kulumikiza ng'ona kumapeto. Kutalika pakati pa ntchito ndi masekondi osachepera 10. Chiwerengero chazoyeserera ndi 5. Ngati sitata itembenuka, ndipo injini siyiyamba, chifukwa chake chimatha kukhala chosiyana.

Sichikulimbikitsidwanso kuti mugwiritse ntchito chilimbikitso m'malo mwabatire konse, ndiye kuti, pochotsa. Izi zitha kuwononga zamagetsi zamagalimoto. Kuti mugwirizane ndikokwanira kukonza ng'ona mu kuphatikiza / kuchotsera motsatana.

Pakhoza kukhalanso ndi mawonekedwe a Dizilo, omwe amapereka kukonzeratu kwa mapulagi owala.

Ubwino ndi zovuta za zowonjezera

Mbali yayikulu ya chilimbikitso ndi batri, kapena m'malo mwake, mabatire angapo. Ali ndi zabwino izi:

• kuchokera 2000 kuti 7000 mlandu / kumaliseche m'zinthu;
• moyo wautali (mpaka zaka 15);
• kutentha, imangotaya 4-5% yokha pamwezi;
• magetsi okhazikika (3,65V mu selo limodzi);
• kuthekera kopereka mafunde apamwamba;
• kutentha kutentha kuchokera -30 ° C mpaka + 55 ° C;
• kuyenda ndi kugwirana;
• zida zina zonyamula zitha kulipidwa.

Zina mwazovuta ndi izi:

• mu chisanu choopsa, chimataya mphamvu, makamaka mabatire a lithiamu-ion, komanso mabatire a smartphone mu chisanu. Mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate amalimbana kwambiri ndi kuzizira;
• magalimoto okhala ndi injini yopitilira malita 3-4, chida champhamvu kwambiri chitha kufunikira;
• mtengo wokwera kwambiri.

Mwambiri, zida monga ma ROM amakono ndizothandiza komanso zofunikira. Mutha kulipira foni yanu yam'manja nthawi zonse kapena kuyigwiritsa ntchito ngati magetsi. Nthawi yovuta, zingathandize kuyambitsa injini. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuwunika mosamala polarity ndi malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito poyambira.