Kodi galimoto yanu ikuwononga chilengedwe? Onani zomwe ziyenera kusamalidwa!
Kugwiritsa ntchito makina

Kodi galimoto yanu ikuwononga chilengedwe? Onani zomwe ziyenera kusamalidwa!

Ngakhale ambiri aife timakhulupirira kuti chilengedwe chimagwirizana ndi matekinoloje amakono okwera mtengo, kwenikweni, aliyense atha kuperekapo pang'ono poteteza chilengedwe. Komanso, m'galimoto, zachilengedwe ndi zachuma zimayendera limodzi. Mukungoyenera kudziwa zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa mpweya m'galimoto yathu, ndiyeno samalirani kusintha zinthuzo!

TL, ndi

Miyezo yodziwika bwino ya kuchuluka kwa fumbi loyendetsedwa ndi mpweya ndi zinthu zina zowopsa ku Europe zikuyendetsa kusintha kwamakampani amagalimoto. Kwa zaka zoposa makumi awiri, opanga akhala akuyesera kutsatira malamulo okhwima. Pa nthawi imeneyo, machitidwe monga particulate Zosefera, mapampu yachiwiri mpweya, masensa amakono lambda ndi dongosolo utsi mpweya kufalitsidwa. Galimotoyo ikakhala yatsopano, m'pamenenso imakhala ndi matekinoloje apamwamba kwambiri. Komabe, chilichonse mwa zinthuzi chimafuna chisamaliro choyenera kuti chikwaniritse udindo wawo. Sitiyenera kuiwala za kuyendera nthawi zonse, kusintha zosefera ndi mafuta, komanso zinthu zodziwika bwino monga kusintha matayala a m'nyengo yachisanu ndikusintha matayala achilimwe.

Kulimbana ndi utsi

Kodi galimoto yanu ikuwononga chilengedwe? Onani zomwe ziyenera kusamalidwa!

M’zaka zaposachedwapa, chiŵerengero cha kuipitsa mpweya chakwera mochititsa mantha ku Ulaya konse, kuphatikizapo Poland. Pali nkhani zambiri tsopano za utsi ndi momwe mungathanirane nazo. Zowonongeka zambiri zimachokera ku utsi wa galimoto. Chifukwa chake, m'mizinda ikuluikulu, zoyendera za anthu onse zimakhala zaulere masiku omwe utsi umakhala wokwera kwambiri. Izi zilimbikitsa madalaivala kugwiritsa ntchito zoyendera limodzi pofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe akuchoka m’misewu.

Magalimoto ndi mafuta akuyesa kuyambitsa njira zamakono zothana ndi chilengedwe m'magalimoto opangidwa ndikupatula mankhwala owopsa pamafuta. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kumakhudza kwambiri chilengedwe. Galimoto ndi chida chofunikira kwa ambiri aife: si aliyense amene angathe ndipo akufuna kukwanitsa kuziyika mu garaja pofuna kuteteza chilengedwe. Choncho ndi bwino kudziwa chomwe chikuchititsa kuti magalimoto athu asokoneze mpweya wabwino komanso momwe angathanirane nawo popanda kusiya mawilo anu anayi.

Kodi mu exhaust ndi chiyani?

Utsi wotuluka m'galimoto uli ndi zinthu zambiri zowopsa ku chilengedwe komanso thanzi lathu. Ambiri a iwo ndi carcinogens. Chimodzi mwa zigawo zoonekeratu za mpweya wotuluka ndi carbon dioxide ndi mpweya wowonjezera kutentha. Pang'onoting'ono, imakhala yopanda vuto kwa anthu, koma imakhudza chilengedwe. Iwo ndi owopsa kwambiri. nayitrogeni oxideszomwe zimakwiyitsa dongosolo la kupuma ndipo, zikatulutsidwa m'nthaka, zimatulutsa mankhwala a carcinogenic. Chinthu china ndi Mpweya wa carbon monoxide, ndiko kuti, carbon monoxide, yomwe imamangiriza ku hemoglobini ndikusokoneza kayendedwe ka magazi, zomwe zimatsogolera ku hypoxia ya minofu. Kuyambira chakumapeto kwa zaka zana zapitazi, zida zopangira mphamvu zachepetsa kwambiri kukhalapo kwa carbon monoxide mu mpweya wotulutsa magalimoto. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumapezekabe m'malo okwera magalimoto monga ma tunnel ndi malo oimika magalimoto. Iwo amawerengera gawo lalikulu la mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. fumbi loyimitsidwa... Amakwiyitsa dongosolo la kupuma ndipo amakhala ngati njira yoyendetsera zitsulo zolemera. Ma injini a dizilo ndiye gwero lalikulu la mpweya wa fumbi. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale ma injini a dizilo adasangalala ndi chiwongola dzanja chochulukirapo pakukwera kwamitengo yamafuta, pakadali pano akuwunikiridwa. Ngakhale kuti makampani akugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zopangira zinthu, vuto la kutulutsa fumbi la dizilo silinathe. Komanso ndi carcinogenic kwambiri mu utsi utsi. BENZOL, kukhala wosasunthika wodetsedwa wamafuta, ndi ma hydrocarbon - zotsatira za kuyaka kosakwanira kwamafuta.

Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zowopsa m'mipweya yotulutsa magalimoto ndi yayikulu ndipo sikumveka bwino. Komabe, sizinthu zokhazo zomwe zimachokera ku makina otulutsa mpweya zomwe zimakhudza chilengedwe. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa magalimoto kumayambitsanso mpweya wochokera ku matayala opaka phula, komanso fumbi ndi zowononga zina zomwe zili mumsewu komanso zotuluka m'mawilo a magalimoto. Chochititsa chidwi n’chakuti, kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwa zinthu zina m’galimotomo n’kokwera kangapo kuposa mmene zilili m’galimotomo. Chifukwa chake, madalaivala amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta zawo.

Kodi galimoto yanu ikuwononga chilengedwe? Onani zomwe ziyenera kusamalidwa!

Kodi EU ikuti chiyani?

Poyankha zofuna zachilengedwe, European Union yakhazikitsa miyezo yotulutsa mpweya wamagalimoto atsopano ogulitsidwa m'gawo lake. Muyezo woyamba wa Euro 1 unayamba kugwira ntchito mu 1993 ndipo kuyambira pamenepo malangizowo akhala okhwima. Kuyambira 2014, muyezo wa Euro 6 wakhala ukugwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto onyamula anthu komanso magalimoto opepuka amalonda, ndipo Nyumba Yamalamulo yaku Europe ikukonzekera kukhwimitsanso pofika 2021. Komabe, izi zikugwiranso ntchito kwa magalimoto atsopano ndi opanga awo. Pakadali pano, chindapusa cha PLN 500 komanso kusungidwa kwa satifiketi yolembetsa yopitilira liwiro loyaka zimawopseza aliyense wa ife. Chifukwa chake tiyenera kusamalira ecology tokha mumitundu yakale.

Kodi khalidwe la gasi lotayirira limakhudza chiyani?

Ngati mafuta omwe timagula anali osakaniza a stoichiometric, ndiko kuti, anali ndi mawonekedwe abwino, ndipo ngati kuyaka kwake mu injini kunali njira yachitsanzo, mpweya woipa ndi mpweya wa madzi umatuluka mu chitoliro chokha. Tsoka ilo, ili ndi lingaliro chabe lomwe silikugwirizana kwenikweni ndi zenizeni. Mafuta sapsa kwathunthuKuphatikiza apo, si "choyera" - chimakhala ndi zonyansa zambiri, zomwe siziwotcha.

Kutentha kwa injini kumapangitsanso kuyaka kwachangu m'chipindamo komanso kuchepa kwa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. Kuyendetsa mosalekeza pa liwiro lokhazikika kumafunanso mafuta ochepa kuposa kuyendetsa bwino, osatchulanso kuyatsa. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa kuyendetsa galimoto pamsewu ndi ndalama zambiri kuposa mtunda waufupi mumzinda. Zambiri zachuma - komanso nthawi yomweyo zachilengedwe.

Kodi tiyenera kusamala za chiyani?

Matawi

Kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amadyedwa kumakhudzidwa ndi katundu pa injini: ndi kukana kwakukulu, zambiri zimafunikira. N’zoona kuti palibe chimene tingachite, kaya tikusemphana ndi mphepo kapena galimoto yathu ndi yoyenda bwino kwambiri. Komabe, timakhudzidwa ndi kukana chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kumamatira ku gawo lapansi. Choncho, m'pofunika kusamalira luso luso matayala anu. Chifukwa tayala lotopa komanso lochepa thupi silimagwedezeka kwambiri kusiyana ndi tayala lakuya, lidzakhalanso ndi mphamvu zochepa. Galimoto yomwe imatsetsereka ndikuchita mochedwa ku chiwongolero sikungowononga chitetezo, komanso imadya mafuta ambiri. Pazifukwa zomwezo, muyenera kusamalira kuthamanga kwa matayala olondola ndipo musaiwale kuwasintha ndi matayala achilimwe mu kasupe, komanso nthawi yophukira ndi yozizira. Matayala oyenerera sali otetezeka komanso okwera mtengo, komanso amapereka chitonthozo choyendetsa galimoto. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti adawonekera kale pamsika. matayala zachilengedwe ndi kuchepetsa kukana kugubuduza kwinaku mukusunga magawo oyenera ogwirira.

Kodi galimoto yanu ikuwononga chilengedwe? Onani zomwe ziyenera kusamalidwa!

ENGINE

Mkhalidwe wa injini yathu ndi chitsimikizo cha kuyendetsa bwino, kopanda ndalama komanso kosamalira zachilengedwe. Kuti injini itithandize bwino momwe tingathere, tiyenera kuisamalira. Maziko ndi mafuta oyenera, omwe adzaperekedwa ndi osankhidwa bwino mafuta makina. Sikuti zimangoteteza injini ndikuchepetsa kuvala, komanso zimathandiza kusunga kutentha koyenera komanso kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyeretsa. Mafuta otsukidwa ndi mafuta ndi mafuta osapsa amasefedwa ndikusungunuka muzosefera. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kukumbukira kuti musinthe nthawi zonse - mchere uyenera kusinthidwa 15 zikwi. Km, ndi zopangira 10 zikwi makilomita. Nthawi zonse m'malo mwake fyuluta yamafuta.

Kumbukiraninso za ulamuliro makometsedwe a mpweyazomwe zimayika mphamvu zambiri pa injini. Ngati ili yolakwika, ikhoza kuwonetsa kutsekeka. fyuluta yanyumbazomwe zimayambitsa kutenthedwa kwadongosolo lonse.

Utsi

Komanso, tisaiwale za macheke wamba. Utsi dongosolokulephera kwake kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa injini komanso ngakhale kulowa kwa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya mu machitidwe ena a galimoto yathu. Tiyeni tione zinthu ngati wokhometsa, ndiko kuti, njira yotulutsira mpweya wotulutsa mpweya kuchokera kuchipinda choyaka kupita ku chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya, ndi katalizomalyomwe imayambitsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa carbon monoxide II ndi ma hydrocarbons, ndipo nthawi yomweyo imachepetsa ma oxide a nitrogen. Tikumbukirenso za Lambda probe - sensa yamagetsi yomwe imayang'ana ubwino wa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. Kutengera kuwerengera kwa kafukufuku wa lambda, kompyuta yowongolera imazindikira magawo oyenerera amafuta amafuta a mpweya omwe amaperekedwa ku injini. Ngati gawo ili la makina otulutsa mpweya siligwira ntchito bwino, mafuta agalimoto amawonjezeka ndipo mphamvu ya injini imachepa. Tiyeni tiwone momwe zilili muffler ndi cholumikizira chosinthikaKunyalanyaza zomwe sizingangowonjezera kuchuluka kwa phokoso mugalimoto yathu, komanso kungayambitsenso kubweza kwa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya mu kanyumba.

Kodi galimoto yanu ikuwononga chilengedwe? Onani zomwe ziyenera kusamalidwa!

Fyuluta yapadera

Magalimoto amafunikira masiku ano. fyuluta yamagulumakamaka mu injini za dizilo. Ntchito yake ndikuletsa kutuluka kwa zinthu zovulaza kuchokera kuchipinda choyaka ndikuziwotcha. Kuti muchite izi, injiniyo iyenera kutenthedwa mpaka kutentha kwambiri. Choncho, afterburning olimba particles kumachitika makamaka pa mtunda wautali. Chizindikiro cha dongosolo lotayirira lolakwika chidzatidziwitsa ngati fyulutayo ili yonyansa, zomwe zingayambitse kudulidwa kwa mphamvu. Kudziyeretsa DPF "pamsewu" ndikofunikira kwambiri, koma sikothandiza nthawi zonse. Mwamwayi, imatha kutsukidwanso ndi chotsukira chopangidwa mwapadera.

Kubwereza kwa gasi wotopa

Ngati galimoto yanu ili ndi Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system, yomwe imachepetsa mpweya wa nitrogen oxide pochepetsa kutentha kwa mpweya wopanda mpweya / mafuta osakaniza ndi ma hydrocarbon oxidizing, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana. kukanika kwa valve... Kuyiletsa kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa injini, kuwonongeka kwa probe ya lambda, kapena utsi wa injini.

Kuyendera nthawi zonse

Kuyang'anira galimoto ndi udindo wa mwini galimoto aliyense, koma si malo onse ozindikira matenda omwe amayandikira nkhaniyi. Njira imodzi kapena imzake, kuyang'ana kwaukadaulo kumangoyang'ana zina mwazinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito, monga kufananiza kwa matayala ovala tayala, kugwiritsa ntchito koyenera kwa kuyatsa, magwiridwe antchito a brake ndi chiwongolero, momwe thupi lilili komanso kuyimitsidwa. Ndikoyenera kukhala ndi chizolowezi chowunika nthawi zonse, pomwe masiku adzawunikiridwa, madzi onse ndi zosefera zidzasinthidwa, ndipo madzi othandizira adzawonjezeredwa m'magalimoto okhala ndi zosefera za DPF.

Kodi galimoto yanu ikuwononga chilengedwe? Onani zomwe ziyenera kusamalidwa!

Europe ndiye dziko lomwe lili ndi anthu ambiri komanso mizinda yambiri padziko lapansi. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa WHO, awa ndi anthu pafupifupi 80. anthu ake akufa ndi matenda obwera chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa misewu. Nzosadabwitsa kuti miyezo ya chilengedwe ya European Union ndi yokhwima kwambiri. Madalaivala omwe amathera nthawi yochuluka m'magalimoto awo ndi omwe amawonekera kwambiri ku zotsatira zovulaza za zinthu zomwe zili mu mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. Kusamalira thanzi la ena ndi anu, ndi bwino kusamalira luso la galimoto ndi nthawi zonse m'malo owonongeka.

Nthawi zonse mutha kupeza zida zamagalimoto ndi zowonjezera patsamba la avtotachki.com!

Muthanso Kukonda:

Lambda probe - momwe mungadziwire vuto?

Mitundu ya zosefera zamagalimoto, i.e. chosintha

Chifukwa chiyani ndikofunikira kusintha mafuta pafupipafupi?

Kuwonjezera ndemanga