Chipangizo ndi mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito cholumikizira cha gearbox
Kutumiza galimoto,  Chipangizo chagalimoto

Chipangizo ndi mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito cholumikizira cha gearbox

Gearbox synchronizer ndi makina opangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi liwiro la shaft ya gearbox ndi zida. Masiku ano pafupifupi ma gearbox onse amakina ndi robotic amalumikizidwa, i.e. ali ndi chipangizo ichi. Mfundo yofunika imeneyi kufala amalola yosalala ndi mofulumira kusuntha. Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi tiphunzira zomwe synchronizer ili, zomwe zimapangidwira komanso momwe zimagwirira ntchito; tidzamvetsetsanso kapangidwe ka makinawo ndikudziwa bwino momwe zimagwirira ntchito.

Cholinga cha Synchronizer

Kutumiza konse kwa ma gearbox amakono amagalimoto onyamula anthu, kuphatikiza zida zosinthira, zili ndi synchronizer. Cholinga chake ndi motere: kuonetsetsa kuti liwiro la shaft ndi gear likugwirizana, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti musasunthike.

Synchronizer sikuti imangotsimikizira kusintha kwa zida zosalala, komanso kumathandiza kuchepetsa phokoso. Chifukwa cha chinthucho, kuchuluka kwa mavalidwe amtundu wamakina a gearbox kumachepetsedwa, komwe kumakhudzanso moyo wautumiki wa gearbox yonse.

Kuphatikiza apo, synchronizer yasinthiratu mfundo yosinthira zida, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kwa dalaivala. Izi zisanachitike, kusuntha kwa zida kunachitika mothandizidwa ndi kufinya kawiri kwa clutch ndikusamutsira bokosi la gear kuti likhale landale.

Synchronizer kapangidwe

Synchronizer imakhala ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

  • malo okhala ndi zinyenyeswazi za mkate;
  • kuphatikiza clutch;
  • mphete zotsekera;
  • zida zokhala ndi friction cone.

Pansi pa msonkhanowu ndi malo okhala ndi ma splines amkati ndi akunja. Mothandizidwa ndi yoyamba, imalumikizana ndi shaft ya gearbox, ndikusunthira motsatira njira zosiyanasiyana. Mothandizidwa ndi ma splines akunja, hub imalumikizidwa ndi kugwirizana.

Malowa ali ndi mipata itatu pa madigiri 120 wina ndi mzake. Ma groove amakhala ndi zotsekemera zodzaza ndi masika, zomwe zimathandiza kukonza zowawa m'malo osalowerera ndale, ndiye kuti, panthawi yomwe synchronizer sikugwira ntchito.

Clutch imagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka kulumikizana kolimba pakati pa shaft ya gearbox ndi zida. Ili pamtunda, ndipo kuchokera kunja imagwirizanitsidwa ndi foloko yotumizira. Mphete yotsekera ya synchronizer ndiyofunikira kuti mulunzanitse liwiro pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yolumikizirana, imalepheretsa cholumikizira kutseka mpaka kutsinde ndi zida zikhale ndi liwiro lomwelo.

Mbali yamkati ya mpheteyo ndi yooneka ngati cone. Kuonjezera malo okhudzana ndi kuchepetsa kuyesayesa pamene mukusuntha magiya, ma synchronizers a multicone amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuphatikiza pa ma synchronizer amodzi, ma synchronizer awiri amagwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Synchronizer iwiri, kuwonjezera pa mphete ya tapered yomwe imamangiriridwa ku gear, imaphatikizapo mphete yamkati ndi mphete yakunja. Pamwamba pa giya sichikugwiritsidwanso ntchito pano, ndipo kulunzanitsa kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mphete.

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito gearbox yolumikizira

M'malo akutali, clutch imatenga malo apakati, ndipo magiya amazungulira momasuka patsinde. Pankhaniyi, kufala kwa torque sikuchitika. Posankha zida, mphanda imasuntha clutch kupita ku gear, ndipo clutch, nayonso, imakankhira mphete yotseka. Mpheteyo imakanikizidwa motsutsana ndi pinion cone ndikuzungulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kupita patsogolo kwa clutch kukhala kosatheka.

Mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu yakugundana, kuthamanga kwa zida ndi shaft kumalumikizidwa. Clutch imayenda momasuka mopitilira ndipo imalumikiza mwamphamvu giya ndi shaft ya gearbox. Kutumiza kwa torque kumayamba ndipo galimoto imayenda pa liwiro losankhidwa.

Ngakhale mawonekedwe ovuta kwambiri a node, synchronization algorithm imakhala ndi tizigawo ting'onoting'ono ta sekondi imodzi.

Chida cha Synchronizer

Pakakhala zovuta zilizonse zokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa zida, choyamba, ndikofunikira kusiya zovuta ndi clutch ndikuwunika synchronizer.

Mutha kuzindikira kusowa kwa node mwa zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

  1. Phokoso lotumiza. Izi zitha kuwonetsa mphete yokhotakhota kapena kondomu yotha.
  2. Kuyimitsa magiya modzidzimutsa. Vutoli limatha kulumikizidwa ndi clutch, kapena chifukwa chakuti zida zatha.
  3. Kuvuta kuyatsa zida. Izi zikuwonetsa mwachindunji kuti synchronizer yakhala yosagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kukonza Synchronizer ndi njira yovuta kwambiri. Ndi bwino kungosintha makina othawo ndikuwasintha.

Kutsatira malamulo otsatirawa kudzakuthandizani kukulitsa moyo wautumiki wa synchronizer ndi gearbox yonse:

  1. Pewani kuyendetsa mwaukali, kumangoyambira mwadzidzidzi.
  2. Sankhani liwiro loyenera ndi zida.
  3. Kukonza malo oyendera nthawi yake.
  4. Kusintha kwanthawi yake mafuta omwe amapangidwira makamaka mtundu wa gearbox.
  5. Chotsani zonse zowalamulira musanasinthe magiya.

Kuwonjezera ndemanga