Thorsen: mibadwo, zida ndi njira yogwirira ntchito

Mukuyenda kwagalimoto, zotsatira zake zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi magudumu ake, kuyambira pa torque yomwe imachokera ku injini kudzera pakufalitsa, ndikumaliza ndikusintha kwakusintha komwe galimoto ikuthana ndi kusintha kwakuthwa. Magalimoto amakono, kusiyanitsa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa kusiyana kwa kusinthasintha kwamagudumu pa chitsulo chimodzi.

Sitikambirana mwatsatanetsatane kuti ndi chiyani komanso mfundo zake zogwirira ntchito - zilipo nkhani yosiyana... M'nkhaniyi, tiona njira imodzi yotchuka kwambiri - Torsen. Tiyeni tikambirane za chodabwitsa chake, momwe zimagwirira ntchito, momwe zimakhalira magalimoto, komanso mitundu yanji yomwe ilipo. Makinawa anali odziwika makamaka chifukwa chakulowetsedwa mu SUVs ndi mitundu yonse yamagalimoto oyendetsa.

M'mitundu yawo yambiri yamagalimoto oyendetsa matayala anayi, opanga ma automaker amaika machitidwe osiyanasiyana omwe amagawa makokedwe m'mbali mwa galimoto. Mwachitsanzo, kwa BMW, iyi ndi xDrive (werengani za izi apa), Mercedes-Benz - 4Matic payokhaetc.) Nthawi zambiri masiyanidwe okhala ndi zokhazokha amaphatikizidwa ndi zida zamtunduwu.

Kusiyanitsa kwa Torsen ndi chiyani

Kusiyanitsa kwa Torsen ndi imodzi mwamakonzedwe amachitidwe okhala ndi nyongolotsi komanso kukangana kwakukulu. Zida zofananazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina osiyanasiyana amagetsi momwe mphamvu ya torque imagawidwira kuchokera ku axle yoyendetsa mpaka yolowera yoyendetsedwa. Chipangizocho chimayikidwa pagudumu loyendetsa, lomwe limalepheretsa kuvala tayala isanakwane galimoto ikamayenda mumsewu wokhotakhota.

Komanso, zida zofananira zimayikidwa pakati pazitsulo ziwiri kuti zitenge mphamvu kuchokera pagawo lamagetsi kupita pachitsulo chachiwiri, ndikupangitsa kuti izitsogolera. Mu mitundu yambiri yamakono amtundu wa mseu wopita panjira, masiyanidwe apakati amasinthidwa ndi clutch yamipikisano yambiri (kapangidwe kake, zosintha zake ndi machitidwe ake akuganiziridwa m'nkhani ina).

Dzinalo Thorsen amatanthauzira kuchokera ku Chingerezi kuti "torque sensitive". Mtundu wa chipangizochi umatha kudziletsa. Chifukwa cha izi, chinthu chodzitchingira sichimafunikira zida zowonjezera zomwe zimathandizira magwiridwe antchito omwe akuwunikiridwa. Izi zidzachitika pamene zoyendetsa ndi zoyendetsa zimakhala ndi rpm kapena makokedwe osiyanasiyana.

Kapangidwe kazinthu zodziyimira pazokha kumatanthauza kupezeka kwa magiya anyongolotsi (oyendetsedwa ndi kutsogolera). M'magulu oyendetsa magalimoto, mutha kumva dzina la satellite kapena semi-axial. Izi zonse ndizofananira ndi magiya anyongolotsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito munjira imeneyi. Zida nyongolotsi ali ndi mbali imodzi - sayenera kupatsira kayendedwe kasinthasintha kuchokera magiya moyandikana. M'malo mwake, gawo ili limatha kupotoza palokha zida zamagalimoto. Izi zimapereka kutseka kosiyanako.

Kusankhidwa

Chifukwa chake, kusiyanasiyana kwa Torsen ndikupereka kuchotseka kwamagetsi ndikugawa kwamphamvu pakati pa njira ziwirizi. Ngati chipangizocho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa magudumu, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuti gudumu limodzi likaterereka, lachiwiri silimataya makokedwe, koma limapitilizabe kugwira ntchito, lomwe limapangitsa kuti msewu ukhale wolimba. Masiyanidwe apakati ali ndi ntchito yofananayo - mawilo a chitsulo chachikulu atha kutseka, amatha kutseka ndikusamutsa gawo lina lamphamvu kupita ku chitsulo chachiwiri.

Mu magalimoto ena amakono, opanga makina atha kugwiritsa ntchito masinthidwe omwe amangodziyimira pawokha pagudumu loyimitsidwa. Chifukwa cha ichi, mphamvu yayikulu siyikuperekedwera ku chitsulo chogwiritsira ntchito, koma kwa amene ali ndi zokopa zabwino. Chigawo ichi chofalitsa ndichabwino ngati makinawo nthawi zambiri amapambana panjira.

Malo ake amatengera mtundu wamagalimoto omwe ali nawo:

• Galimoto yoyendetsa kutsogolo. Poterepa, kusiyana kwake kudzakhala munyumba yama gearbox;
• Galimoto yoyenda kumbuyo. Mwa makonzedwe awa, kusiyanasiyana kudzaikidwa munyumba yazitsulo zoyendetsera galimoto;
• Magalimoto oyendetsa magudumu anayi. Poterepa, kusiyana (ngati cholumikizira chamapulogalamu angapo sikugwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mnzake) kudzaikidwa munyumba yazitsulo zoyendetsera kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Imatumiza makokedwe kumayendedwe onse. Ngati chipangizocho chidayikidwa munjira yosamutsira, ipereka mphamvu yochotsera pama axles oyendetsa (kuti mumve zambiri) kubwereza kwina).

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Chipangizochi chisanachitike, oyendetsa magalimoto oyendetsa okha adawona kuchepa kwa kuwongolera kwa ogwira ntchito pomwe anali kuthana ndi kukhotera mwachangu. Pakadali pano, mawilo onse, omwe amalumikizana molimbika kudzera pachitsulo chimodzi, ali ndi liwiro lofanana. Chifukwa cha izi, imodzi mwamagudumu siyimayanjana ndi msewu (injini imapangitsa kuti izizungulira mothamanga mofanana, ndipo msewu umalepheretsa), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matayala azithamanga.

Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, akatswiri opanga zida zosintha zamagalimoto adatsimikiza za chipangizochi, chomwe chidapangidwa ndi wopanga waku France O. Pecker. Imakhala ndi shafeti ndi magiya momwe idapangidwira. Ntchito ya makinawo inali yowonetsetsa kuti makokedwewo atumizidwa kuchokera ku injini ya nthunzi kupita kumayendedwe oyendetsa.

Ngakhale nthawi zambiri mayendedwe adakhazikika pobowola, koma mothandizidwa ndi chipangizochi sikunali kotheka kuthetsa magudumu amtundu uliwonse mosiyanasiyana. Vutoli lidawonekera makamaka pomwe galimoto idagwera pamsewu woterera (ayezi kapena matope).

Popeza mayendedwe amakhalabe osakhazikika akamayang'ana m'misewu yopanda miyala, izi nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa ngozi zapamsewu. Izi zidasintha pomwe wopanga Ferdinand Porsche adapanga makina omwe amalepheretsa magudumu oyendetsa kuti asatumphule. Izi makina ofufuza apeza njira yotumizira mitundu yambiri ya Volkswagen.

Chosiyanitsa ndi chida chodzitchingira chokha chidapangidwa ndi mainjiniya aku America V. Glizman. Makinawa adapangidwa mu 1958. Kupanga kumeneku kunali kovomerezeka ndi Torsen ndipo amatchedwabe ndi dzinali. Ngakhale kuti chipangizocho chinali choyambirira bwino, pakapita nthawi, zosintha zingapo kapena mibadwo ya makinawa yawonekera. Kodi pali kusiyana pakati pawo, tikambirana pang'ono. Tsopano tiwunika momwe magwiridwe antchito a Thorsen amagwirira ntchito.

Momwe ntchito

Nthawi zambiri, makina a Thorsen amapezeka m'mitundu yamagalimoto momwe kunyamula mphamvu kumatha kuchitidwira osati pa chitsulo chokha, koma ngakhale pagudumu lina. Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe odziletsa amatsegulidwanso pamakina oyendetsa kutsogolo.

Njirayi imagwira ntchito molingana ndi mfundo zotsatirazi. Kutumiza kumatumiza kasinthasintha kupita ku gudumu linalake kapena chitsulo chazitsulo kudzera masiyanidwe. M'magalimoto oyambilira, makinawo adatha kusintha kuchuluka kwa makokedwe mu gawo la 50/50% (1/1). Zosintha zamakono zitha kugawanso mphamvu zozungulira mpaka 7/1. Izi zimathandiza kuti dalaivala azitha kuyendetsa galimoto ngakhale gudumu limodzi lokha likhale ndi zokoka zabwino.

Kuthamanga kwa gudumu likadumpha kwambiri, zida zamtundu wa nyongolotsi zimatsekedwa. Zotsatira zake, mphamvu zimayendetsedwa pamlingo wina ndi gudumu lolimba. Mawilo oyenda pamayendedwe aposachedwa amtundu wamtunduwu amataya makokedwe, zomwe zimalepheretsa galimoto kutsetsereka kapena ngati galimoto ili ndi matope / chisanu.

Masiyanidwe palokha akhoza kukhazikitsidwa osati magalimoto akunja. Nthawi zambiri, makinawa amatha kupezeka pamakina oyenda kumbuyo kapena kutsogolo kwamagalimoto. M'mawu awa, galimotoyo, siyikhala galimoto yopita mtunda wonse, koma ngati agwiritsa ntchito mawilo okulitsidwa pang'ono, ndipo chilolezo chanyumba chili pamwamba (kuti mumve zambiri za parameter iyi, onani kubwereza kwina), kuphatikiza ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa Torsen, kufalitsa kumalola kuti galimotoyo ipirire zovuta zapanjira.

1) Zomwezi pachitsulo chilichonse chazitsulo: makokedwe amaperekedwa mofanana mofanana ndi matayala onse awiri, magudumu amayenda liwiro limodzi;
2) The chitsulo chogwira matayala kutsogolo ndi ayezi: kutsogolo / kumbuyo makokedwe chiŵerengero angafikire 1 / 3.5; mawilo kutsogolo sapota pa liwiro apamwamba;
3) Galimoto imalowa pakona: kugawa kwa makokedwe kumatha kufikira 3.5 / 1 (kutsogolo / kumbuyo mawilo), mawilo akutsogolo amazungulira mwachangu;
4) Mawilo kumbuyo ali pa ayezi: makokedwe chiŵerengero angafikire 3.5 / 1 (kutsogolo / kumbuyo chitsulo chogwira matayala), mawilo kumbuyo sapota mofulumira.

Taganizirani ntchito ya masiyanidwe a cross-axle. Njira yonseyi imagawika magawo angapo:

1. Bokosi lamagetsi limatumiza makokedwe azida zoyendetsedwa kudzera pa shaft yayikulu;
2. Zida zoyendetsedwa zimatenga kasinthasintha. Chomwe chimatchedwa chonyamulira kapena chikho chimakhazikika pamenepo. Zigawozi zimazungulira ndi zida zoyendetsedwa;
3. Pamene chikho ndi zida zimazungulira, kasinthasintha amafalikira kuma satelayiti;
4. Zitsulo zoyendetsera mawilo za gudumu lirilonse zimakhazikika kuma satelayiti. Pamodzi ndi zinthu izi, gudumu lolingana limasinthanso;
5. Mphamvu yozungulira ikagwiritsidwanso ntchito chimodzimodzi pamasiyanidwewo, ma satelayiti sangazungulire. Poterepa, zida zokhazokha ndizomwe zimazungulira. Ma satellites amakhalabe osasunthika mu chikho. Chifukwa cha ichi, mphamvu kuchokera ku gearbox imagawidwa pakati mpaka kutsinde lililonse;
6. Galimoto ikalowa potembenuka, gudumu lakunja kwa semicircle limasinthiratu kuposa lomwe lili mkati mwazungulira. Pachifukwa ichi, mumagalimoto okhala ndi matayala olumikizidwa molimba pa chitsulo chimodzi, kulumikizana kumayenderana ndi msewu, popeza mbali iliyonse kumapangidwa kukana kwamitundu ina. Izi zimachotsedwa ndi kayendedwe ka ma satelayiti. Kuphatikiza pa kuti zimazungulira ndi chikho, zinthuzi zimayamba kuzungulira mozungulira. Chodabwitsa cha chipangizochi ndichoti mano awo amapangidwa ngati ma cones. Masetilaiti akazungulira mozungulira malo ake, liwiro lakuzungulira kwa gudumu limodzi limakula, ndipo linalo limachepa. Kutengera kusiyanasiyana kwa magudumu, kugawa kwa magalimoto mu magalimoto ena kumatha kufika pagawo la 100/0% (ndiye kuti, mphamvu yoyendetsera imafalikira pagudumu limodzi, ndipo yachiwiri imangoyenda momasuka);
7. Masiyanidwe achilengedwe adapangidwa kuti akwaniritse kusiyana kwa liwiro lozungulira pakati pa mawilo awiriwo. Koma chinthuchi ndichosavuta ndi makinawo. Mwachitsanzo, galimoto ikalowa mumatope, dalaivala amayesetsa kutuluka panjira yovuta powonjezera kuthamanga kwa magudumu. Koma chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito, makokedwewo amatsata njira yotsutsa pang'ono. Pachifukwa ichi, gudumu limangoyenda panjira yokhazikika pamsewu, ndipo gudumu loyimitsidwa limazungulira mwachangu kwambiri. Pofuna kuthetsa izi, mukungofunika kutseka kosiyanitsa (njirayi imafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane kubwereza kwina). Popanda potseka, nthawi zambiri galimoto imangoima gudumu limodzi likayamba kuterera.

Tiyeni tiwone momwe magwiridwe antchito a Torsen amagwirira ntchito m'njira zitatu zoyendetsa.

Ndi mayendedwe owongoka

Monga tanena kale, galimoto ikayenda mbali ina yowongoka ya mseu, theka la makokedwewo limalandiridwa pa shaft yoyendetsa iliyonse. Pachifukwa ichi, magudumu oyendetsa amayenda liwiro limodzi. Mwanjira imeneyi, makinawo amafanana ndi kulumikizana kolimba kwa magudumu awiri oyendetsa.

Ma satelayiti apumula - amangoyenda ndi kapu ya makina. Mosasamala mtundu wa masiyanidwe (otseka kapena aulere), pakuyendetsa koteroko, makinawo azigwiranso chimodzimodzi, chifukwa mawilo onse awiri ali pamtunda womwewo ndipo amakumana ndi kulimbana komweko.

Potembenuka

Pakona, gudumu lamkati lamkati limayenda pang'ono kuposa lomwe lili panja pakona. Pachifukwa ichi, ntchito yosiyanitsa ikuwonetsedwa. Iyi ndiyo njira yoyenera, momwe njira zimapangidwira kuti zithetse kusiyana kwa kusintha kwa magudumu oyendetsa.

Galimoto ikakhala m'malo ngati amenewa (ndipo izi zimachitika pafupipafupi, chifukwa mayendedwe amtunduwu samayenda mtunda wokonzedweratu, ngati sitima), ma satelayiti amayamba kutembenukira mbali yawo. Pachifukwa ichi, kulumikizana ndi thupi la mawotchi ndi magiya a shafts shaft sikutayika.

Popeza magudumu samatayika (kukangana kumachitika pakati pa matayala ndi mseu mofanana), makokedwe akupitilizabe kupita ku chipangizocho mulingo womwewo wa 50 mpaka 50%. Kapangidwe kameneka ndiwapadera chifukwa choti mawilo amayenda mosiyanasiyana, gudumu, lomwe limazungulira mwachangu, limafunikira mphamvu zambiri poyerekeza ndi lachiwiri, lomwe limagwira liwiro lotsika.

Chifukwa cha kusalaza kwa chipangizochi, kulimbikira komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pagudumu loyenda kumachotsedwa. Mu mitundu yokhala ndi cholumikizira cholimba cha ma axles oyendetsa, izi sizingathetsedwe.

Mukaterera

Ubwino wa masiyanidwe aulere umachepa gudumu limodzi lamagalimoto likayamba kuterera. Izi zimachitika, mwachitsanzo, galimoto ikamayenda mumsewu wamatope kapena mbali ina ya msewu wachisanu. Popeza msewu umasiya kukana kasinthasintha ka theka-axle, mphamvu imachotsedwa pagudumu laulere. Mwachilengedwe, kukoka munthawi yotere kumazimiranso (gudumu limodzi, lomwe limakhala pamalo okhazikika, limakhala chilili).

Ngati makina ojambulidwa aulere amafanizidwa pamakina, ndiye kuti Newtons / mita pankhaniyi imagawidwa mofanana. Chifukwa chake, ngati samatha kutha pa gudumu limodzi (kusinthasintha kwake kwaulere kumayambira), chachiwiri chimangotayika. Mawilo amasiya kumamatira pamseu ndipo galimoto imachedwetsa. Ikayima pa ayezi kapena m'matope, galimotoyo sitha kuchoka pamalo ake, chifukwa mawilo, akamayambira, amangothyola pansi (kutengera momwe mseu ulili).

Izi ndiye vuto lalikulu la kusiyanasiyana kwaulere. Kutaya ikatayika, mphamvu yonse ya injini yoyaka yamkati imapita pagudumu loyimitsidwa, ndipo limangotembenukira mopanda ntchito. Makina a Thorsen amachotsa izi potseka pamene kutaya kwatha pagudumu lokhazikika.

Chipangizo ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu

Kusintha kwamapangidwe a Torsen kumakhala ndi:

• Zipolopolo kapena makapu... Izi zimalandira Newtons / mita kuchokera pagalimoto yomaliza (yoyendetsedwa ndi zida yomwe ili mu kapu). M'thupi muli ma semi-axles awiri, omwe ma satelayiti amalumikizidwa;
• Magiya theka-ofananira (amatchedwanso zida dzuwa)... Iliyonse mwanjira zake idapangidwa kuti ikhale yoyendetsera gawo limodzi la magudumu ake, ndipo imatumiza kasinthasintha kudzera m'mipirati yomwe ili ndi ma axles / semi-axles;
• Masetilaiti akumanja ndi kumanja... Kumbali imodzi, amalumikizidwa ndi magiya a semi-axial, ndipo mbali inayo, ndi makina amachitidwe. Wopanga adaganiza zoyika ma satelayiti 4 mumasiyana a Thorsen;
• Shaft shaft.

Kusiyanitsa kwa ma Thorsen kusiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri wa makina omwe amapatsanso torque pakati pa shafts shaft, koma nthawi yomweyo amaletsa kusinthasintha kopanda tanthauzo kwa gudumu loyimitsidwa. Zosintha zoterezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Quattro yoyendetsa magudumu onse kuchokera ku Audi, komanso mitundu yazipangidwe za opanga magalimoto odziwika bwino.

Mitundu yodziyimira payokha ya Thorsen

Okonza omwe akupanga zosintha pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Thorsen apanga mitundu itatu ya njirazi. Zimasiyana pamapangidwe awo, ndipo zimapangidwa kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto ena.

Mitundu yonse yazida imadziwika ndi T. Kutengera mtundu, kusiyanako kudzakhala ndi kapangidwe kake ndi mawonekedwe azigawo zazikulu. Izi, zimakhudzanso magwiridwe antchito. Ngati ziikidwa pamsonkhano wolakwika, magawo adzalephera msanga. Pachifukwa ichi, gawo lililonse kapena dongosolo limadalira kusiyanasiyana kwake.

Izi ndi zomwe mtundu uliwonse wa kusiyanasiyana kwa Torsen ndi:

• T1... Imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo loyenda pakati, koma limatha kukhazikitsidwa kuti liperekenso mphindi pakati pa ma axel. Ali ndi polekezera pang'ono ndikukhazikitsa pambuyo pake kusinthidwa kwotsatira;
• T2... Inayikidwa pakati pa mawilo oyendetsa, komanso ngati kuli kosamutsa ngati galimoto ili ndi magudumu anayi. Poyerekeza ndi mtundu wam'mbuyomu, kutsekedwa kwa makinawo kumachitika koyambirira. Mtundu wa chipangizochi umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamitundu yamagalimoto wamba. Palinso kusintha kwa T2R mgululi. Mbali za makinawa zimatha kulimbana ndi makokedwe ambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, imangoyikidwa pagalimoto zamphamvu.
• T3... Poyerekeza ndi mitundu yam'mbuyomu, mtundu uwu wazida ndi wocheperako. Chojambulacho chimakupatsani mwayi kuti musinthe kuyerekezera mphamvu pakati pama mfundo. Pachifukwa ichi, izi zimangoyikidwa pakasamutsa pakati pama axles. Pamagudumu oyenda ndi matayala onse okhala ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa Torsen, kugawa kwa makokedwe pama axles kumasiyana kutengera momwe msewu ulili.

Mtundu uliwonse wa makina umatchedwanso m'badwo. Tiyeni tione kapangidwe ka aliyense wa iwo.

Mibadwo ya Torsen Kusiyanitsa

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ndi chida cha m'badwo woyamba (T1) zidakambidwa kale. Kupanga, magiya anyongolotsi amaimiridwa ndi ma satelayiti ndi magiya olumikizidwa ku shafts yoyendetsa. Ma satelayiti okhala ndi magiya ogwiritsa ntchito mano opindika, ndipo olamulira awo amangozungulira pa shaft iliyonse. Ma satelayiti amachita nawo mano owongoka.

Njirayi imalola magudumu oyendetsa kuti azizungulira mothamanga okha, omwe amachotsa kukoka pakona. Pakadali pano magudumu ena akamayamba kuterera, awombowa amakwatirana, ndipo makinawo amayesa kusunthira makokedwe ena kupita ku gudumu linalo. Kusinthidwa kumeneku ndiko kwamphamvu kwambiri, motero kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati magalimoto apadera. Imatha kutumiza nthawi yayitali kwambiri ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zotsutsana.

Mbadwo wachiwiri wosiyanitsa ma Thorsen (T2) umasiyana ndi kusintha kwam'mbuyo pamakonzedwe a ma satelayiti. Olamulira awo sapezeka mozungulira, komanso m'ma semiaxes. Zolemba zapadera (matumba) zimapangidwa mthupi la makinawo. Ali ndi ma satellite omwe adaikidwa. Makinawa atatsegulidwa, ma satelayiti awiriwa amayamba, omwe ali ndi mano oblique. Kusinthaku kumadziwika ndi mphamvu yotsutsana, ndipo kutsekedwa kwa makinawo kumachitika koyambirira. Monga tanena kale, m'badwo uwu uli ndi mtundu wamphamvu kwambiri, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto okhala ndi injini yogwira ntchito kwambiri.

Kapangidwe kake, kusinthaku ndikosiyana ndi mtundu wa analogue mu mtundu wa chinkhoswe. Kapangidwe kazitsulo kamakhala ndi cholumikizira chopindika, kunja kwake kuli mano owoneka bwino. Izi zowalamulira amachita dzuwa zida. Kutengera momwe misewu ilili, kapangidwe kameneka kali ndi mndandanda wamagulu azosewerera pakati paziphatikizazo.

Ponena za m'badwo wachitatu (T3), makinawa ali ndi mapulaneti. Zida zoyendetsa zimayikidwa mofanana ndi ma satelayiti (ali ndi mano owonera). Zida theka-chitsulo chogwira matayala ndi dongosolo oblique mano.

Mwa mitundu yawo, wopanga aliyense amagwiritsa ntchito mibadwo iyi yazinthu m'njira zawo. Choyambirira, zimadalira mtundu womwe galimoto iyenera kukhala nayo, mwachitsanzo, ngati ikufunikira plug-in yoyendetsa gudumu kapena kugawa kwa torque padera pa gudumu lililonse. Pachifukwa ichi, musanagule galimoto, m'pofunika kufotokozera kuti ndi mtundu wanji womwe automaker imagwiritsa ntchito pankhaniyi, komanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito.

Masiyanidwe loko Thorsen

Kawirikawiri limagwirira kudziletsa loko ngati masiyanidwe muyezo - kumatha kusiyana mu rpm wa mawilo lotengeka. Chipangizocho chimatsekedwa pokhapokha pakagwa mwadzidzidzi. Chitsanzo cha zochitika ngati izi chimatsikira limodzi la iwo pamtunda wosakhazikika (ayezi kapena matope). Zomwezo zikugwiranso ntchito poletsa makina ophatikizira. Izi zimalola kuti dalaivala atuluke mgawuni yovuta popanda thandizo.

Pomwe kutsekeka kumachitika, makokedwe owonjezera (gudumu loyimitsidwa likuzungulira mopanda phindu) amaperekedwanso ku gudumu lomwe limagwira bwino (gawo ili limatsimikizika chifukwa chokana kutembenuka kwa gudumu ili). Zomwezo zimachitika ndikutsekereza kwapakati. Chingwe choyimitsidwa chimapeza ma Newtons / mita ocheperako, ndipo yemwe wagwira bwino amayamba kugwira ntchito.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa ma Thorsen

Kusintha komwe kumaganiziridwa kwa njira zokhazikitsira nokha kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opanga magalimoto odziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Mndandanda uwu umaphatikizapo:

• motobike Honda;
• Toyota
• Subaru
• AUDI;
• Alfa Romeo;
• General Motors (pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya Hummer).

Ndipo iyi siili mndandanda wonsewo. Nthawi zambiri, onse-gudumu galimoto amakhala ndi masiyanidwe kudziletsa loko. Ndikofunika kufunsa ndi wogulitsa za kupezeka kwake, chifukwa kufalitsa komwe kumafikitsa makokosi onse awiri sikukhala ndi njirayi mwachisawawa. Mwachitsanzo, m'malo mwa chipangizochi, mutha kuyika mikangano yambiri kapena zowoneka bwino.

Komanso, makinawa amatha kukhazikitsidwa pagalimoto yokhala ndi masewera, ngakhale atakhala kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo koyendetsa pagalimoto. Galimoto yoyenda kutsogolo gudumu siyokhala ndi masiyanidwe, chifukwa galimoto yotere imafunikira luso loyendetsa masewera.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Chifukwa chake, kusiyanasiyana kwamtundu wa Thorsen kudapangidwa kuti zithandizire driver kuyendetsa magawo amisewu ovuta popanda kuthandizidwa ndi aliyense. Kuphatikiza pa mwayiwu, chipangizocho chili ndi maubwino enanso angapo:

• Nthawi zonse imagwira ntchito molondola pazadzidzidzi;
• Amapereka magwiridwe antchito mosamalitsa pamayendedwe amisewu osakhazikika;
• Pogwira ntchito, siyimatulutsa phokoso lakunja, chifukwa chotonthoza paulendowu zitha kuvutika (bola makinawo azikhala bwino);
• Kapangidwe ka chipangizocho chimamasula kwathunthu dalaivala pakufunika kowongolera njira yogawa torque pakati pama axles kapena mawilo ena. Ngakhale pali mitundu ingapo yamagalimoto pakompyuta, kutsekereza kumachitika zokha;
• Njira yogawikiranso makokedwe siyikhudza magwiridwe antchito a braking system;
• Ngati dalaivala akuyendetsa galimotoyo malinga ndi zomwe wopanga akufuna, mayendedwe ake safuna kukonza kwapadera. Kupatula apo ndikofunikira kuwunika muyeso wamafuta mu crankcase, komanso kufunika kosintha mafuta (nthawi yosinthira ikuwonetsedwa ndi wopanga magalimoto);
• Mukayika pagalimoto yoyenda kutsogolo, makinawo amathandizira kuyambitsa galimotoyo (chinthu chachikulu ndikupewa kuwonongeka kwa mawilo oyendetsa), komanso zimapangitsa kuti zomwe woyendetsa adachita pazomwe zikuwonekera bwino.

Ngakhale kuti makinawa ali ndi zinthu zambiri zabwino, sizikhala zopanda zovuta zake. Mwa iwo:

• Mtengo wapamwamba wa chipangizocho. Chifukwa cha izi ndikumangika kwa kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe kake;
• Chifukwa chakuti kufalitsa kumawonekeranso kwina, komwe kumapangidwira kukana pang'ono (kukangana pakati pa magiya), makina okhala ndi makina ofanana amafunikira mafuta ochulukirapo. Nthawi zina, galimotoyo imakhala yolimba kuposa mnzake, yomwe ili ndi chitsulo chimodzi chokha;
• Kuchita bwino pang'ono;
• Pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwa magawo, popeza chipangizocho chimakhala ndi zida zambiri zamagiya (izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zinthu kapena chifukwa chosamalitsa mwadzidzidzi);
• Pogwira ntchito, makinawo amawotcha kwambiri, chifukwa chake, mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito popatsira, omwe samachepa chifukwa cha kutentha;
• Zida zonyamula zimatha kuvala kwambiri (zimadalira kuchuluka kwazomwe zimachitika ndikutengera koyendetsa komwe oyendetsa akuyendetsa moyenda);
• Kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto pamodzi mwa magudumu, omwe ndi osiyana ndi enawo, sikofunikira, chifukwa kusiyana kumeneku kumanyamula makinawo, komwe kumabweretsa kufulumira kwa mbali zina zake.

Kukongola kwa galimoto yakutsogolo koyenera kuyang'aniridwa mwapadera (masiyanidwe aulere amasinthidwa ndikudziletsa). Ngakhale kuti galimoto imakhala yovuta kwambiri ikamafika pakona, panthawi yofulumira kwambiri, galimotoyo imazindikira msewu. Pakadali pano, galimotoyo imakhala "yamanjenje", imakokedwa kumtunda, ndipo woyendetsa amafunika kuyang'anitsitsa ndikuwongolera kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi zida za fakitole, kusinthaku sikukhala kotakasuka pamaulendo ataliatali.

Pankhani zadzidzidzi, galimoto yotereyi imakhala yosamvera kwambiri komanso yosadziwikiratu monga mtundu wa fakitoreyo. Anthu omwe asankha kusintha kwamakono aphunzira kuchokera pa zomwe akumana nazo kuti kusintha kumeneku kumalola kugwiritsa ntchito luso loyendetsa masewera. Koma ngati kulibe, ndiye kuti simuyenera kugonjera galimoto pakusintha koteroko. Zotsatira zawo zitha kukhala zothandiza pamasewera kapena m'misewu yamatope yamtunda.

Kuphatikiza apo, woyendetsa galimotoyo, kuphatikiza pa kukhazikitsa njira yokhayokha, ayenera kusintha moyenera magawo ena amgalimoto kuti amve kuyendetsa bwino. Kwa enawo, galimotoyo izikhala ngati SUV, yomwe siyofunikira mikhalidwe yomwe mayendedwewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.

Pamapeto pa kuwunikaku, timapereka kanema wowonjezera wokhudzana ndi ntchito ya Thorsen yodzitsekera yokha ndi mbiri yakulengedwa kwake:

Chowonadi chonse chokhudza kusiyanasiyana kwa TORSEN !! Komanso mbiri yawo !! ("Zosokoneza Magalimoto", 4 mndandanda)

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi kusiyana kwa Torsen kumagwira ntchito bwanji? Makinawa amazindikira nthawi yomwe mawilo amataya mphamvu, chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa torque, magiya osiyanitsa amalumikizana, ndipo gudumu limodzi limakhala lalikulu.

Kodi kusiyana kwa Torsen kumasiyana bwanji ndi kusiyanasiyana kwanthawi zonse? Kusiyanitsa kokhazikika kumapereka kugawa kofanana kwa magudumu onse awiri. Gulo limodzi likaterereka, gudumu lachiwiri limatha. Thorsen, akamaterera, amalozeranso torque ku tsinde lodzaza.

Kodi Torsen amagwiritsidwa ntchito pati? Kusiyanitsa kodzitsekera kozungulira, komanso kachipangizo kakang'ono kamene kamalumikiza chitsulo chachiwiri. Kusiyanaku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagalimoto amtundu uliwonse.