Kapangidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka sensa yamvula m'galimoto

Mpaka posachedwa, ntchito yosintha mawotchi idangoyikidwa pagalimoto zodula zokha, ndipo tsopano sensa yamvula imaphatikizidwa pakupanga mitundu ya bajeti. Machitidwe oterewa adapangidwa kuti azilimbikitsa kuyendetsa bwino ndikuthandizira driver pakuyendetsa.

Kodi sensa yamvula ili pati mgalimoto

Chojambulira mvula m'galimoto chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira mvula ndikugwiritsanso ntchito ma wipers pakufunika. Nthawi zonse, dalaivala amayang'anira momwe nyengo ilili komanso magwiridwe antchito a maburashi, zomwe zimasokoneza kuwunika pamsewu, koma makinawo amatha kuyankha pamlingo wamvula. Kutengera kukula kwa mvula kapena chipale chofewa, sensa imapanga chizindikiritso ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a maburashi ndi kuthamanga kwawo.

Monga lamulo, sensa ili pampando wazenera, pamalo omwe sangatsekeretse dalaivala pamsewu. Danga kumbuyo kwa galasi loyang'ana kumbuyo ndiloyenera izi.

Chojambuliracho chikuwoneka ngati chida chaching'ono chowerengera chomwe chili kumbuyo kwa galasi lakutsogolo. Kutengera mawonekedwe amapangidwe, imatha kungoyatsa zopukutira, komanso kuzindikira kuwala koti kuyatse magetsi. Chipangizocho chimamangiriridwa ndi zenera lakutsogolo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera.

Ntchito zazikulu ndi cholinga

Mutazindikira kuti sensa yamagalimoto ndiyotani, muyenera kumvetsetsa cholinga ndi ntchito yayikulu ya chipangizocho:

• kuzindikira mvula ndi chipale chofewa;
• kusanthula koyipitsa magalasi;
• kuyang'anira zopukutira, komanso kusintha kwa magwiridwe awo;
• kuyatsa kwadzidzidzi pakawunika kosakwanira (ngati kuli kachipangizo chophatikizira).

Chojambuliracho chimakhalanso ndi zopinga zazikulu, kuphatikiza alamu abodza pomwe madzi amalowa m'malo owunikira kapena kulephera pomwe galasi ladzaza ndi dothi kapena madzi ochokera magalimoto oyandikana nawo. Komanso, kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka galimoto sikangatsegule makina ochapira, zomwe zingapangitse kupaka dothi pagalasi ndikuwonongeka kwa kuwonekera. Makina aliwonse azipangizo sangatchule zolakwika ndi zolakwika. Mwachitsanzo, kutsegula kwa maburashi nthawi zambiri kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, ndipo panthawiyi dalaivala amatha kuyeretsa galasi payokha.

Opanga akugwira ntchito nthawi zonse kukonza magwiridwe antchito ndikuchepetsa zolakwika zam'mvula.

Zipangizo ndi kapangidwe kake

Poyamba, chiwembu chosavuta kuchokera kwa opanga aku America chidagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa mpweya. Mafilimu apadera adayikidwa pazenera lakutsogolo kuti azitha kukana, ndipo makina oyesera adasanthula kusintha kwa magawo. Kukaniza kukatsika, maburashiwo anali osatsegulidwa. Koma kapangidwe kake kanali ndi zovuta zingapo, popeza zidayambitsidwa ndi zinthu zambiri zabodza, kuphatikiza tizilombo tomwe timamatira pagalasi.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 80, okonza mapulani adayamba kupanga zida zopangidwa ndi ma LED ndi ma photodiode omwe amayankha kusintha kwakanthawi kounikira kuwala. Izi zidapangitsa kuti ziziwonjezera kulondola kwa muyeso ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma alarm abodza.

Chojambulira cha mpweya ndi nyumba yokhala ndi bolodi ndi zinthu zowoneka mkati. Zida zazikuluzikulu za chipangizochi:

• zithunzi;
• ma LED awiri;
• chowunikira (ngati chilipo);
• Malo olamulira.

Pakadutsa mpweya wambiri, sensa imapanga chizindikiritso chotsegulira zopukutira, komanso kuwongolera kukula kwa ntchito yawo.

Zipangizazi zimafotokozera kukula ndi mphamvu ya mvula, komanso mitundu ina yamvumbi ndi kuipitsidwa kwa magalasi. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muwonjezere kuchita bwino ndi chidwi cha dongosololi.

Momwe ntchito

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa sensa kutengera momwe magwiridwe antchito a photosensitive semiconductor ndi malamulo a kupepuka kwamphamvu. Lingaliro ndiloti LED imapanga kuwala kwa kuwala ndipo photodiode imanyamula.

1. LED imatumiza matabwa opukutidwa omwe amayang'anitsitsa mawonekedwe a kuwala.
2. Chizindikiro chowunikiracho chimawonekera ndikutumizidwa kwa wojambula zithunzi, yemwe amasanthula kuchuluka kwa kuwala ndi kuchuluka kwake.
3. Pofuna kudzitchinjiriza motsutsana ndi ma alarm abodza, kuwala kowunikako kumayendetsedwa ndi photodiode ndi nyerere. Ngakhale kukakhala kukuwala kwa chipani chachitatu, dongosololi limatetezedwa ku zoyambitsa zabodza.
4. Kuwonjezeka kwa chizindikirocho kumayang'aniridwa ndi photodetector, kukwera kwadongosolo kumatsimikizira kufunikira kwa mphepo yamkuntho ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a wiper.

Makina opitilira muyeso amaphatikizira photodiode yakutali ndi sensa yoyenda mozungulira yomwe imasanthula momwe zinthu ziliri mozungulira galimoto ndikuyatsa nyali popanda woyendetsa.

Momwe mungatsegulire sensa yamvula

Ngati galimoto ilibe sensa kuchokera kwa wopanga, ndikosavuta kugula ndikuyiyika nokha. Makampani opanga zida zaluso ngati izi akupanga malangizo atsatanetsatane okhazikitsa ndi kukonza makinawa.

Malangizo oyendetsera gawo ndi sitepe momwe mungatsegulire sensa yamvula yofananira:

1. Pezani chosinthira choyendetsa chomwe chimayang'anira magwiridwe antchito ndi ma washer.
2. Sinthani mphete yosinthira kuchoka pamalo oyambira kupita pamtengo kuchokera pa 1 mpaka 4. Kukwezeka kwamtengo, kukulitsa chidwi cha chinthucho.
3. Onetsetsani kuti dongosololi likugwira ntchito.

Ntchitoyi imatha kulephereka pokhapokha posunthira woyang'anira kupita pa zero.

Momwe mungayang'anire ngati ikugwira ntchito

Izi zimafuna madzi osalala ndi botolo la utsi. Gawo ndi gawo malangizo a momwe mungayang'anire sensa ndi manja anu:

• kuyatsa kachipangizo mvula;
• Ikani madzi ndi utsi pa zenera lakutsogolo;
• dikirani kuti dongosololi ligwire ntchito masekondi 20-30.

Musanayese kuyesa, muyenera kuyika chojambulira m'njira yoyenera. Kuti akhale olondola kwambiri, mayeso amachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Machitidwe onse amatetezedwa ku ma alarm abodza, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyika madzi mofananira pazenera kwa masekondi 20. Kupanda kutero, zovuta zokha sizigwira ntchito ndipo sizingatsegule maburashi. Kapenanso, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma diagnostics apakompyuta.

Chojambuliracho chimakulolani kuti muzitha kuwunika momwe nyengo ilili, komanso ngati mvula kapena chipale chofewa - kuyatsa zotsuka. Ngakhale dongosololi lili ndi zovuta zingapo, zimapangitsa kuyendetsa kukhala kosavuta.