Chipangizo chozizira injini

Pakugwira ntchito, ziwalo zamagalimoto zimawululidwa osati pamakina okha, komanso pamavuto akulu amafuta. Kuphatikiza pa mphamvu yotsutsana yomwe imapangitsa kuti zinthu zina zizitentha, injini imawotcha mpweya / mafuta osakaniza. Pakadali pano, mphamvu yayikulu yamphamvu imatulutsidwa. Kutentha, kutengera kusintha kwa injini m'madipatimenti ena, kumatha kupitilira madigiri 1000.

Zinthu zachitsulo zimakula zikakwiya. Miphika imachulukitsa kuchepa kwawo. M'malo otentha kwambiri, mpweya / mafuta osakanikirana amayatsa mosalamulirika, ndikupangitsa kuphulika m'chipindacho. Kuthetsa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kutenthedwa kwa injini ndikukhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwa chipangizocho, makina amakhala ndi dongosolo lozizira.

Ganizirani momwe dongosolo lino limapangidwira, ndi kuwonongeka kotani komwe kumawonekera, momwe mungasamalire komanso mitundu yomwe ilipo.

Kodi dongosolo lozizira ndi chiyani

Cholinga cha kuzirala m'galimoto ndikuchotsa kutentha kochuluka pagalimoto. Mosasamala mtundu wa injini yoyaka mkati (dizilo kapena mafuta), izi zithandizadi. Ikuthandizani kuti muzisunga kutentha kwa mphamvu yamagetsi (pazomwe parameter iyi iyenera kukhala, werengani kubwereza kwina).

Kuphatikiza pa ntchito yayikulu, dongosololi, kutengera mtundu wamagalimoto, limapereka:

• Wozizilitsa wa transmissions, turbines;
• Kutentha kwamkati m'nyengo yozizira;
• Injini kondomu kuzirala;
• Utsi mpweya recirculation kuzirala.

Njirayi ili ndi izi:

1. Iyenera kukhalabe ndi kutentha kwa injini yoyaka mkati mosiyanasiyana;
2. Sayenera kupitiriza kuyendetsa injini, yomwe ichepetsa kuchepa kwa ntchito yake, makamaka ngati ili dizilo (momwe mtundu wa injini wafotokozedwera apa);
3. Ziyenera kulola kuti mota izitha kutenthedwa mwachangu (mafuta otsika a injini amachepetsa kuvala kwa magawo, chifukwa ndi wandiweyani ndipo pampu siyipopera bwino pagawo lililonse);
4. Ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa;
5. Sungani kutentha kwa mota kwa nthawi yayitali mutayimitsa.

Chipangizo ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito dongosolo lozizira

Ngakhale mapangidwe a CO amitundu yamagalimoto amasiyana, malingaliro awo amakhalabe ofanana. Chipangizochi chimaphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Chozizira jekete. Iyi ndi gawo la mota. M'kati mwa silinda ndi mutu wamphamvu, timapanga timene timapanga njira zopangira ma injini oyaka mkati momwe madzi amadzimadzi amayendera mu injini zamakono. Imeneyi ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yochotsera kutentha pamiyala yamphamvu yomwe imakumana ndi kutentha kwambiri. Akatswiri amapanga izi kuti ozizira azilumikizana ndi zigawo za khoma zomwe zimafunikira kuzirala kwambiri.
• Redieta yozizira. Ichi ndi chidutswa chaching'ono chamakona anayi, chomwe chimakhala ndi machubu owonda achitsulo okhala ndi nthiti za aluminiyamu zojambulidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, chida cha chinthuchi chimafotokozedwa m'nkhani ina... Madzi otentha ochokera pagalimoto amalowa m'malo mwake. Chifukwa choti makoma a radiator ndi owonda kwambiri, ndipo pali machubu ndi zipsepse zambiri, mpweya womwe umadutsamo umaziziritsa malo ogwira ntchito.
• Kutentha kwa radiator. Chipangizochi chili ndi kapangidwe kofananira ndi radiator yayikulu, kukula kwake ndikocheperako kangapo. Imaikidwa mu gawo la chitofu. Dalaivala atatsegula chikwangwani chotenthetsera, chowotcha chotenthetsera chimapumira mpweya kwa wotentha. Kuphatikiza pa kutentha kwa chipinda chonyamula, gawo ili limangokhala chowonjezera pakuziziritsa injini. Mwachitsanzo, galimoto ikakhala pamavuto a magalimoto, chozizira m'makina chimatha kuwira. Madalaivala ena amayatsa kutentha kwa mkati ndikutsegula mawindo.
• Wozizilitsa zimakupiza. Izi zimayikidwa pafupi ndi radiator. Kapangidwe kake ndikofanana ndi kusintha kulikonse kwa mafani. M'magalimoto akale, ntchito ya chinthu ichi imadalira injini - bola ngati crankshaft ikuzungulira, masambawo anali kuzunguliranso. M'mapangidwe amakono, ndimagetsi yamagetsi okhala ndi masamba, kukula kwake kumadalira dera la radiator. Zimayambitsidwa pamene madzi omwe ali m'derali ndi otentha kwambiri, ndipo kutentha komwe kumachitika panthawi yophulika kwachitsulo sikokwanira. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri nthawi yachilimwe, galimoto likayima kapena kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, mwachitsanzo, panjira.
• Pump. Ndi mpope wamadzi womwe umayenda mosalekeza bola mota ikuyenda. Gawo ili limagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mayunitsi amagetsi momwe makina ozizira amakhala amadzimadzi. Nthawi zambiri, pampu imayendetsedwa ndi lamba kapena unyolo woyendetsa (lamba wa nthawi kapena tcheni amaikidwa pa pulley). Mumagalimoto okhala ndi turbocharged engine ndi jekeseni wachindunji, pampu yowonjezera ya centrifugal itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Imodzi. Ili ndi dambo laling'ono lomwe limayendetsa kayendedwe kabwino kozizira. Nthawi zambiri gawo ili limakhala pafupi ndi malo ogulitsira jekete lozizira. Zambiri pazida ndi chipangizochi chagwiritsidwa ntchito pano. Kutengera mtundu wamagalimoto, imatha kuyendetsedwa ndi bimetallic kapena kuyendetsa pakompyuta. Galimoto iliyonse itazirala ndi madzi imakhala ndi makina momwe mumazungulira pang'ono ndi kwakukulu. Injini yoyaka mkati ikayamba, iyenera kutentha. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti malaya azizizira msanga. Pachifukwa ichi, chozizira chimazungulira mozungulira. Chipangizocho chikangotha ​​kutentha, valavu imatseguka. Pakadali pano, imatseka mwayi wozungulira bwalo laling'ono, ndipo madziwo amalowa m'mimbamo ya radiator, pomwe imazizira mwachangu. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito ngati dongosololi likuwoneka moyenera.
• Thanki Kukula. Ichi ndi chidebe cha pulasitiki, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamachitidwe. Amalipiritsa kuwonjezeka kwa voliyumu yozizira mudera chifukwa chakutentha kwake. Kuti antifreeze ikhale ndi malo okukulira, mwiniwake wa galimoto sayenera kudzaza thanki pamwamba pamlingo waukulu. Koma nthawi yomweyo, ngati pali madzi ochepa, loko ya mpweya imatha kupanga dera nthawi yozizira, chifukwa chake kuyeneranso kuwunika mulingo wocheperako.
• Chipewa chama tanki. Imawonetsetsa kukhathamira kwadongosolo. Komabe, ichi sichinthu chophimbira chokha chomwe chimamangiriridwa pa khosi la thankiyo kapena rediyeta (zambiri pazatsatanetsatanezi zafotokozedwa payokha). Iyenera kufanana ndi magawo a kuzirala kwagalimoto. Chipangizocho chimaphatikizapo valavu yomwe imayankha kupsinjika kwa dera. Kuphatikiza pa kuti gawoli limatha kulipirira kukakamizidwa kwakukulu pamzerewu, limakupatsani mwayi wowonjezera malo ozizira. Monga mukudziwira kuchokera ku maphunziro a fizikiya, kukakamizidwa kukwezeka, m'pamenenso muyenera kutentha madziwo kuti awombe, mwachitsanzo, m'mapiri, madzi amayamba kuwira ndi chizindikiro cha madigiri 60 kapena ochepera.
• Wozizilitsa. Awa si madzi okha, komanso madzi amadzimadzi omwe samazizira pakawonjezeka ndipo amakhala otentha kwambiri.
• Chitoliro cha nthambi. Ma unit onse a dongosololi amalumikizidwa pamzere wamba pogwiritsa ntchito mipope yayikulu yayikulu ya labala. Amakonzedwa ndi zomangira zachitsulo zomwe zimalepheretsa ziwalo za mphira kuti zisamathamange mopitirira muyeso.

Zochita za dongosolo lozizira ndi izi. Dalaivala akuyambitsa injini, crankshaft pulley imatumiza makokedwe oyendetsa nthawi ndi zinthu zina, mwachitsanzo, mgalimoto zambiri, pampu yamadzi imaphatikizidwanso mu unyolo uwu. Impeller ya pampu imapanga mphamvu ya centrifugal, chifukwa choletsa kuyimitsa mpweya kumayamba kupyola mipope ndi mayunitsi amachitidwe.

Pamene injini ikuzizira, imodzi yamakina imatsekedwa. Poterepa, sizilola kuti yozizira iziyenda mozungulira bwalo lalikulu. Chida choterocho chimalola kuti motowo uzitha kutentha ndikufikira kutentha komwe kumafunikira. Madzi akangotenthedwa bwino, valavu imatseguka ndikuzizira kwa injini yoyaka yamkati imayamba kugwira ntchito.

Amadzimadzi amapita mbali iyi. Injini ikatenthetsa: kuchokera pampu kupita ku jekete yozizira, kenako mpaka pa imodzi, komanso kumapeto kwa bwalo - mpaka pampu. Valavu ikangotseguka, kufalikira kumadutsa mkono wokulirapo. Poterepa, madziwo amaperekedwa ku jekete, kenako kudzera pa payipi ndi payipi ya labala (chitoliro) kupita ku radiator ndikubwerera pampu. Ngati valavu ya chitofu itseguka, ndiye kuti mofanana ndi bwalo lalikululi, antifreeze imayenda kuchokera pa thermostat (koma osadutsamo) kupita ku radiator ya mbaula ndikubwerera kupampu.

Madzi akayamba kukulira, ena amafinyidwa kudzera payipi mu thanki lokulitsa. Nthawi zambiri, chinthu ichi sichitenga nawo gawo pakufalitsa kwa zoletsa kuwuma.

Makanema ojambula awa akuwonetsa momveka bwino momwe CO yamagalimoto amakono imagwirira ntchito:

Makina oziziritsa makina a Car. Chida chachikulu. Makanema ojambula a 3D.

Kodi mungadzaze bwanji dongosolo lozizira?

Osatsanulira madzi wamba m'dongosolo (ngakhale oyendetsa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito madzi awa mgalimoto zakale), chifukwa mchere womwe umapanga umakhalabe pamalo amkati ozungulira kutentha kwambiri. Ngati mapaipi okhala ndi gawo lalikulu sangatsogolere kutchinga kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti rediyeta imatsekedwa mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kukhale kovuta, kapena kuyimitsiratu.

Komanso, zithupsa zamadzi pamatentha a 100. Komanso, pa kutentha, madzi amayamba crystallize. M'boma lino, chabwino kwambiri, chitseka ma radiator, koma ngati dalaivala sataya madzi nthawi isanatuluke pagalimoto, timachubu tating'onoting'ono tosinthanitsa kutentha tizingophulika pakukula kwa madzi.

Pazifukwa izi, madzi apadera (antifreeze kapena antifreeze) amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku CO, omwe ali ndi izi:

• Osazizira -40 chisanu ndipo nthawi zina pansipa;
• Malo otentha - osachepera madigiri a 115;
• Musachite thovu;
• Kulimbana ndi zotsatira za okosijeni (sizimathandiza kupanga dzimbiri mu dongosolo lopanda kanthu, monga madzi);
• Sichimachedwa kugwira ntchito kwakanthawi;
• Sipanga sikelo pazitsulo zazitsulo kutentha kwambiri;
• Dulani magawo osunthika amachitidwe a CO.

Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti pazochitika zadzidzidzi, m'malo moziziritsa kapena kuzizira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito madzi (makamaka osungunuka). Chitsanzo cha zochitika ngati izi ndikuthamangira kwa radiator. Kuti mufike kumalo osungira pafupi kapena garaja, nthawi ndi nthawi mumsewu woyendetsa amayima ndikudzaza voliyumu yamadzi kudzera mu thanki lokulitsa. Izi ndizochitika zokha zomwe ndizololedwa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi.

 Ngakhale pali zakumwa zambiri zamagalimoto pamsika, sikoyenera kugula zinthu zotsika mtengo kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika kwambiri ndipo imakhala ndi moyo wamfupi. Zambiri zakusiyana pakati pa madzi amtundu wa CO zafotokozedwa payokha... Komanso, simungathe kusakaniza mitundu yosiyanasiyana, chifukwa chilichonse chimakhala ndi mankhwala, omwe amatha kupangitsa kuti mankhwala asamayende bwino.

Mitundu yamachitidwe ozizira

Magalimoto Modern ntchito injini madzi utakhazikika, koma nthawi zina pali zitsanzo ndi dongosolo mpweya. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zinthuzi zingasinthidwe, komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito.

Makina ozizira amadzimadzi

Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wamadzimadzi ndikuti chozizira chimachotsa kutentha kowonjezereka mwachangu komanso moyenera kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zimafuna kuziziritsa. Pamwambapa, zida za kachitidwe koteroko ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito yake zidafotokozedwa.

Wozizilitsa amafalitsidwa malinga ngati injini ikuyenda. Chosinthitsa chofunikira kwambiri ndiye radiator yayikulu. Mbale iliyonse yomwe yamangidwa pakatikati pa chubu imakulitsa malo ozizira.

Galimoto ikayima ndi injini yoyaka mkati, zipsepse za radiator sizikuwombedwa ndi mpweya. Izi zimapangitsa kutentha kwachangu kwadongosolo lonse. Ngati palibe chomwe chikuchitika pankhaniyi, wozizira pamzere awira. Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, mainjiniya adakonzekeretsa makinawa pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wowumiriza. Pali zosintha zingapo za izi.

Imodzi imayambitsidwa ndi cholumikizira chokhala ndi valavu yamatenthedwe yomwe imakhudzana ndi kutentha kwadongosolo. Izi zimayendetsedwa ndi kuzungulira kwa crankshaft. Zosintha zosavuta zimayendetsedwa ndi magetsi. Ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi kachipangizo kamene kali mkati mwa mzere kapena ndi ECU.

Makina ozizira mpweya

Kuzizira kwa mpweya kumakhala kosavuta. Chifukwa chake, injini yokhala ndi makina otere ili ndi nthiti zakunja. Amakulitsidwa pamwamba kuti asinthe kutentha komwe kali kotentha.

Kusintha kwa CO kotere kumaphatikizira zinthu izi:

• Nthiti pamutu ndi pamiyala yamphamvu;
• Mapaipi opangira mpweya;
• Wozizilitsa zimakupiza (pankhaniyi, imayendetsedwa ndi mota mosalekeza);
• Redieta yolumikizidwa ndi dongosolo lamafuta.

Kusinthaku kumagwira ntchito molingana ndi mfundo zotsatirazi. Chowonera chimawomba mpweya kudzera mumipiringidzo yamlengalenga kupita kuzipsepse za mutu wamphamvu. Kuti injini yoyaka mkati isaziziretse komanso kuti isamavutike poyatsira mafuta osakanikirana ndi mpweya, mavavu amatha kukhazikitsidwa m'mipiringidzo yamlengalenga yomwe imalepheretsa kulowa kwa mpweya wabwino mgululi. Izi ndizofunikira kuti muzitha kutentha nthawi zambiri kapena pang'ono.

Ngakhale CO iyi imatha kuchotsa kutentha kwambiri pamoto, ili ndi zovuta zingapo poyerekeza ndi mnzake wamadzi:

1. Kuti fanasi igwire ntchito, gawo lina lamagetsi limagwiritsidwa ntchito;
2. M'madera ena, ziwalo zimakhala zotentha kwambiri;
3. Chifukwa cha kugwirira ntchito kwa fani komanso magalimoto otseguka kwambiri, magalimoto otere amapanga phokoso kwambiri;
4. Zimakhala zovuta kuti nthawi yomweyo mupereke kutentha kwapamwamba kwa chipinda chonyamula ndikuziziritsa;
5. M'mapangidwe ngati amenewa, masilindala ayenera kukhala osiyana kuti kuziziritsa bwino, komwe kumapangitsanso kapangidwe ka injini (choyikiracho sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito).

Pazifukwa izi, opanga makina samakonda kugwiritsa ntchito makina oterewa.

Zowonongeka mwanjira yozizira

Kulephera kulikonse kungakhudze kwambiri magwiridwe antchito amagetsi. Chinthu choyamba chomwe kuwonongeka kwa CO kumatsogozedwa ndikutenthedwa kwa injini yoyaka yamkati.

Nayi zolephera zofala kwambiri pamakina ozizira amagetsi:

1. Kuwonongeka kwa radiator. Uku ndiye kusowa kofala kwambiri, popeza gawo ili limakhala ndi machubu owonda omwe amaphulika atapanikizika kwambiri, kuphatikiza kuwonongeka kwa malinga chifukwa cha sikelo ndi madipoziti ena.
2. Kuphwanya kulimba kwa dera. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri pamene zolumikizira pamapope sizimangirizidwa mokwanira. Chifukwa cha kupanikizika, antifreeze imayambira kudutsa kulumikizana kofooka. Kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi kumachepa pang'onopang'ono. Ngati pali thanki yakale yokulitsa m'galimoto, itha kuphulika chifukwa cha mpweya. Izi zimachitika makamaka pamsoko, womwe suwonekera nthawi zonse (ngati mkokomo wapanga pamwamba). Popeza dongosololi silimayambitsa kupanikizika koyenera, kozizira kumatha kuwira. Depressurization itha kuchitika chifukwa chakukalamba kwachilengedwe kwa magawo a mphira m'dongosolo.
3. Kulephera kwa imodzi. Yapangidwa kuti isinthe mawonekedwe otenthetsera makina kuti aziziritsa makina oyaka mkati. Ikhoza kukhala yotseka kapena yotseguka. Mbali yoyamba, injini msanga kutentha. Ngati thermostat ikhala yotseguka, injini izitentha kwanthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuyatsa VTS (mu injini yozizira, mafutawo samasakanikirana bwino ndi mpweya, popeza madontho opopera samasanduka nthunzi ndipo samapanga mtambo wunifolomu). Izi zimakhudza osati mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwa chipindacho, komanso kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa kwa umuna. Ngati pulogalamu yotulutsa utsi m'galimoto ili ndi mafuta, ndiye kuti mafuta osawotcha amafulumizitsa kutsekedwa kwa chinthuchi (chifukwa chake galimoto imafunikira chosinthira chothandizira, ikufotokozedwa apa).
4. Kuwonongeka kwa pampu. Nthawi zambiri, kunyamula kumalephera. Popeza makinawa amalumikizidwa nthawi zonse ndi nthawi yoyendetsera nthawi, katundu wogwidwa adzagwa mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutulutsa kowoneka bwino kwambiri. Pofuna kupewa izi, oyendetsa magalimoto ambiri amasinthanso pampu posintha lamba wa nthawi.
5. Chowonera sichikugwira ntchito ngakhale kutentha kwa ma antifreeze kukwera pamikhalidwe yovuta. Pali zifukwa zingapo zakusokonekera uku. Mwachitsanzo, kulumikizana kwa zingwe kumatha kusungunuka kapena valavu yamagetsi itha kulephera (ngati zimakupiza zimayikidwa pagalimoto).
6. Kuyendetsa dongosololi. Kutsekemera kwa mpweya kumatha kuwonekera posintha ma antifreeze. Nthawi zambiri, potentha dera limavutika.

Malamulo apamsewu samaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto okhala ndi injini yolakwika. Komabe, woyendetsa galimoto aliyense amene amasunga ndalama zake sachedwa kuchepetsa kukonza kwa CO unit.

Mutha kuwona kulimba kwa dera motere:

• Pamzere wozizira, mulingo wothamangitsa uyenera kukhala pakati pa MAX ndi MIN mamaki. Ngati, mutayenda ulendo wozizira, mulingo wasintha, ndiye kuti madziwo asanduka nthunzi.
• Kutuluka kulikonse kwamadzi m'mapaipi kapena pa radiator ndi chizindikiro cha kukhumudwa kwa dera.
• Pambuyo paulendo, mitundu ina yamatanki okulitsa imasokonekera (imazungulira kwambiri). Izi zikuwonetsa kuti kupanikizika kwa dera kukuwonjezeka. Poterepa, thankiyo siyenera kuyimba (pali mng'alu kumtunda kapena valavu ya pulagi siyikhala).

Ngati vuto likupezeka, gawo losweka liyenera kusinthidwa ndi lina. Ponena za kukhazikitsidwa kwa maloko am'mlengalenga, amalepheretsa kuyenda kwamadzimadzi, komwe kumatha kuyambitsa injini kapena kuyimitsa kutentha kwa chipinda chonyamula. Vutoli limatha kudziwika ndikukonzedwa motere.

Timachotsa kapu yamatangi, yambani injini. Chipangizocho chimagwira ntchito kwa mphindi zingapo. Poterepa, timatsegula chowotcha chowotcha. Ngati pali pulagi m'dongosolo, mpweya uyenera kukakamizidwa kulowa mosungira. Kuti mufulumizitse izi, muyenera kuyika galimotoyo ndi kutsogolo kwake paphiri.

Kuwulutsa kwa radiator yotenthetsera kumatha kuthetsedwa poyika galimotoyo pambali paphiri laling'ono kuti mapaipi azikhala pamwamba pa chosinthira kutentha. Izi ziziwonetsetsa kuti mayendedwe amlengalenga a thovu kudzera mumayendedwe opitilira. Poterepa, mota iyenera kuthamanga mwachangu.

Njira yozizira yosamalira

Nthawi zambiri, kuwonongeka kwa CO kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, makamaka mukamayendetsa. Zolakwitsa zina sizingakonzedwe panjira. Pachifukwa ichi, simuyenera kudikirira kuti galimotoyo ifike pokonza. Kutalikitsa moyo wautumiki wazinthu zonse zadongosolo, liyenera kuthandizidwa munthawi yake.

Kuchita zodzitetezera, ndikofunikira:

• Chongani vuto la zoletsa kuwuma. Kuti muchite izi, kuphatikiza pakuwunika kwamaso (iyenera kusunga mtundu wake wapachiyambi, mwachitsanzo, ofiira, obiriwira, amtambo), muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito hydrometer (momwe imagwirira ntchito, werengani apa) ndi kuyeza kuchuluka kwa madzi. Ngati antifreeze kapena antifreeze yasintha mtundu wake ndipo yakhala yakuda kapena yakuda, ndiye kuti siyoyenera kuigwiritsanso ntchito.
• Chongani mavuto a pagalimoto lamba. M'magalimoto ambiri, pampu imagwira ntchito mofananirana ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito gasi ndi crankshaft, chifukwa chakumangirira kolimba kwakanthawi kumakhudza kukhazikika kwa injini. Ngati pampu ili ndi yoyendetsa payokha, ndiye kuti mavuto ake ayenera kuyambiranso.
• Sungani zinyalala kuchokera ku injini ndi kutentha nthawi ndi nthawi. Dothi pamtunda limasokoneza kutentha. Komanso zipsepse za rediyeta ziyenera kukhala zoyera, makamaka ngati makinawo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mdera lomwe popula limamasula kwambiri kapena masamba ang'onoang'ono akuuluka. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timeneti timadutsa mpweya wabwino kwambiri pakati pa machubu a chosinthira kutentha, chifukwa chake kutentha pamzere kukwera.
• Chongani ntchito imodzi. Galimoto ikayamba, muyenera kusamala ndi momwe imathira moto mwachangu. Ngati itentha kwambiri mpaka kutentha kwambiri, ndiye kuti ichi ndiye chizindikiro choyamba cha thermostat yolephera.
• Chongani ntchito ya fani. Nthawi zambiri, chinthu ichi chimayambitsidwa ndi kachipangizo kamene kamayikidwa pa radiator. Izi zimachitika kuti zimakupiza sizimayatsa chifukwa chamalumikizidwe okhudzana, ndipo palibe magetsi omwe amapatsidwa. Chifukwa china ndi kachipangizo kosagwira ntchito kotentha. Vutoli limatha kudziwika motere. Othandizira pa sensa atsekedwa. Poterepa, zimakupiza ziyenera kuyatsa. Izi zikachitika, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira m'malo mwa sensa. Kupanda kutero, muyenera kupita ndi galimoto kumalo opangira magalimoto kuti muwazindikire. M'magalimoto ena, zimakupiza zimayang'aniridwa ndi magetsi. Nthawi zina kulephera mmenemo kumabweretsa kusakhazikika kwa mafani. Chida chojambulira chizindikira vutoli.

Kuthamangitsa makina oziziritsa injini

Kuwotcha kwadongosolo ndikofunikanso kutchula. Njira yodzitetezayi imapangitsa kuti pamzere pazikhala poyera. Madalaivala ambiri amanyalanyaza njirayi. Kutengera mtundu wamagalimoto, muyenera kutsitsa dongosolo kamodzi pachaka kapena zaka zitatu zilizonse.

Kwenikweni, zimaphatikizidwa ndikusintha kwa zoletsa kuwuma. Tiona mwachidule zomwe zikusonyeza kufunika kofinya, ndi momwe tingachitire bwino.

Zizindikiro nthawi yakwana

1. Pakugwira ntchito kwa injini, muvi wozizira wozizira nthawi zonse umawonetsa kutentha kwamphamvu kwa injini yoyaka yamkati (pafupi mtengo wake);
2. Chitofu chinayamba kutentha kwambiri;
3. Kaya kunja ndi kotentha kapena kotentha, zimakupiza zimayamba kugwira ntchito pafupipafupi (zachidziwikire, izi sizikugwira ntchito ngati galimoto ili pamsewu).

Kutulutsa dongosolo lozizira

Musagwiritse ntchito madzi osavuta kupangira CO. Nthawi zambiri sizinthu zakunja zomwe zimatsogolera ku kutsekeka, koma kuchuluka ndi madipoziti omwe apezeka pagawo locheperako. Asidi amalimbana bwino ndi kukula. Mafuta ndi mchere amachotsedwa ndi zothetsera zamchere.

Popeza zotsatira za zinthuzi zimasokonezedwa ndikusakanikirana, sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi imodzi. Komabe, musagwiritse ntchito mayankho a acidic kapena alkaline. Zimakhala zankhanza kwambiri, ndipo zikagwiritsidwa ntchito, njira yolepheretsa kuti ichitike iyenera kuchitidwa musanawonjezere kutentha kwatsopano.

Bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kutsuka kosaloŵerera, komwe kungapezeke m'sitolo iliyonse yamagalimoto. Pakapangidwe ka chinthu chilichonse, wopanga amawonetsa mtundu wa zodetsa zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito: mwina ngati mankhwala kapena kuthana ndi zovuta.

Kutsuka komweko kuyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi malangizo omwe awonetsedwa pachidebecho. Zotsatira zake ndi izi:

1. Timatenthetsa injini yoyaka yamkati (musabweretse fani kuti ayatse);
2. Timakhetsa zoletsa kuwuma zakale;
3. Kutengera ndi wothandizirayo (ichi chitha kukhala chidebe chokhala ndi zinthu zosungunuka kale kapena cholumikizira chomwe chimafunikira kuchepetsedwa m'madzi), yankho limatsanulidwira mu thanki lokulitsa, monga momwe zimasinthira antifreeze;
4. Timayambitsa injini ndikuisiya kuti iziyenda mpaka theka la ola (nthawi ino akuwonetsedwa ndi wopanga). Pakugwira ntchito kwa injini, timatseguliranso zotenthetsera zamkati (tsegulani chojambula chotenthetsera kuti kuthamanga kumazungulira mozungulira kutentha kwamkati);
5. Madzi oyeretsa amatsuka;
6. Timatsuka dongosololi ndi yankho lapadera kapena madzi osungunuka;
7. Lembani zoletsa kuzizira zatsopano.

Sikoyenera kupita kumalo osungira anthu kuti mukachite izi. Mutha kuzichita nokha. Magwiridwe a mota ndi ntchito yake imadalira ukhondo wa khwalala.

Kuphatikiza apo, yang'anani kanema wamfupi wamomwe mungayendetsere ndalama popanda kuwononga dongosolo:

MUSAMAYAMBITSITSE DZIKO LOPHUNZITSIRA MPAKA KUONETSA Vidiyo iyi

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi zoziziritsa zimagwira ntchito bwanji? Liquid CO imakhala ndi radiator, bwalo lalikulu ndi laling'ono, mapaipi, jekete yozizirira madzi ya silinda, mpope wamadzi, thermostat, ndi fan.

Ndi mitundu yanji yamakina oziziritsira injini? Galimoto imatha kukhala mpweya kapena madzi utakhazikika. Kutengera kapangidwe ka injini yamafuta oyaka mkati, imatha kukhazikikanso ndikuzungulira mafuta kudzera munjira za block.

Ndi zoziziritsa zotani zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozizira m'galimoto yonyamula anthu? Dongosolo lozizira limagwiritsa ntchito kusakaniza kwa madzi osungunuka ndi anti-freeze agent. Kutengera kapangidwe kazoziziritsa, zimatchedwa antifreeze kapena antifreeze.