Chipangizo ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito ya CVVT
Chipangizo chagalimoto,  Chipangizo cha injini

Chipangizo ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito ya CVVT

Injini iliyonse yoyaka yamkati yama 4 imakhala ndi magawidwe amagetsi. Momwe imagwirira ntchito ilipo kale osiyana review... Mwachidule, makinawa amatenga nawo gawo podziwa momwe kuponyera kwa silinda kunayendera (munthawi yanji komanso kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ipereke mafuta osakanikirana ndi mpweya kuzipindazo).

Nthawiyo imagwiritsa ntchito ma camshafts, mawonekedwe amakamu ake amakhalabe osasintha. Chizindikiro ichi chimawerengedwa ku fakitale ndi akatswiri. Zimakhudza nthawi yomwe valavu yofananira imatsegulidwa. Izi sizikukhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa makina oyaka amkati, kapena katundu wake, kapena kapangidwe ka MTC. Kutengera kapangidwe ka gawoli, nthawi yamavulupu imatha kukhazikitsidwa kuti izitha kuyendetsa masewera othamanga (pomwe mavavu olowetsa / otsegulira amatseguka kutalika kwina ndikukhala ndi nthawi yosiyana ndi muyezo) kapena kuyeza. Werengani zambiri zakusintha kwa camshaft. apa.

Chipangizo ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito ya CVVT

Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yopanga mpweya ndi mafuta / gasi (mu injini za dizilo, VTS imapangidwa mwachindunji mu silinda) mu injini zotere zimadalira kapangidwe kake. Ndipo ichi ndiye vuto lalikulu la njirazi. Pakati pa kuyenda kwa injini, injini imagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana, ndiye kuti mapangidwe osakanikirana samachitika nthawi zonse bwino. Mbali iyi yamagalimoto idalimbikitsa akatswiri kuti apange gawo losinthana. Ganizirani mtundu wa makina a CVVT, ntchito yake, kapangidwe kake, ndi zovuta zina wamba.

Kodi ma injini ali ndi clutch ya CVVT ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, mota yokhala ndi makina a cvvt ndi gawo lamagetsi momwe magawo amasinthira kutengera kutengera injini ndi liwiro la crankshaft. Njirayi idayamba kutchuka m'zaka za m'ma 90. zaka zana zapitazi. Makina ogawira gasi ochulukirachulukira amafuta oyaka amkati alandiranso chida china chomwe chimawongolera mbali ya camshaft, ndipo chifukwa cha izi, zitha kupatsa mwayi / kupititsa patsogolo magawo azakudya / zotulutsa.

Chipangizo ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito ya CVVT

Kukula koyamba kwa makinawa kunayesedwa pamitundu ya 1983 Alfa Romeo. Pambuyo pake, opanga makina ambiri otsogola atengera lingaliro ili. Aliyense wa iwo amagwiritsa ntchito gawo lina losunthira. Itha kukhala mtundu wamakina, mtundu wamagetsi, mtundu wamagetsi, kapena mtundu wamagetsi.

Nthawi zambiri, makina a cvvt amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina oyaka amkati ochokera kubanja la DOHC (mwa iwo, makina oyendetsera nthawi yama valve amakhala ndi ma camshafts awiri, iliyonse yomwe idapangidwira gulu la mavavu - machitidwe azakudya kapena zotulutsa). Kutengera ndi kusinthaku, drive shifter imasintha magwiridwe antchito okha kapena gulu la mavavu, kapena magulu onse awiri.

Chipangizo cha CVVT

Ma automaker apanga kale zosintha zingapo zama shifters. Iwo amasiyana kamangidwe ndi galimoto.

Chofala kwambiri ndizosankha zomwe zimagwirira ntchito mphete yama hayidiroliki yomwe imasintha magwiridwe antchito amtundu wa nthawi (kuti mumve zambiri za mitundu yamagalimoto yomwe ili ndi tcheni chokhazikika m'malo mwa lamba, werengani apa).

Dongosolo la CVVT limapereka nthawi yosinthasintha mosiyanasiyana. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti chipinda chamiyala chimadzazidwa bwino ndi gawo latsopano la mpweya / mafuta osakaniza, mosasamala kanthu za liwiro la crankshaft. Zosintha zina zapangidwa kuti zizigwiritsa ntchito gulu lamagetsi lokhalokha, koma palinso zosankha zomwe zimakhudzanso gulu lamagetsi.

Mtundu wama hydraulic of phase shifters ali ndi chida chotsatira:

  • Solenoid control valve;
  • Mafuta fyuluta;
  • Hayidiroliki zowalamulira (kapena actuator amene amalandira chizindikiro ku ECU).

Kuonetsetsa kuti dongosololi ndi lolondola kwambiri, chilichonse chimayikidwa pamutu wamphamvu. Fyuluta imafunika m'dongosolo, popeza makinawo amagwirira ntchito chifukwa cha mafuta. Iyenera kutsukidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kapena kusinthidwa ngati gawo lokonzanso nthawi zonse.

Chipangizo ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito ya CVVT
1. hayidiroliki zowalamulira; 2. Control vavu; 3. Sefani.

Zowalamulira hayidiroliki angathe kuikidwa osati pa gulu polowera vavu, komanso pa malo ogulitsira. Kachiwiri, dongosololi limatchedwa DVVT (Dual). Kuphatikiza apo, masensa otsatirawa adayikidwapo:

  • DPRV (imagwira kusintha kwa camshaft / s, ndikupititsa ku ECU);
  • DPKV (imalemba kuthamanga kwa crankshaft, komanso imatumiza ku ECU). Chipangizochi chikufotokozedwa, zosintha zosiyanasiyana komanso magwiridwe antchito a sensa iyi payokha.

Kutengera ndi ma siginolo, microprocessor imazindikira kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kuti camshaft isinthe pang'ono kayendedwe kake kuchokera pamiyeso. Komanso, chikoka chimapita ku valavu ya solenoid, yomwe mafuta amapatsira kulumikizana kwamadzimadzi. Zosintha zina za mphete yama hayidiroliki zimakhala ndi mpope wawo wamafuta, womwe umayang'anira kuthamanga pamzere. Makonzedwe awa ndi kuwongolera kosalala.

Mosiyana ndi dongosolo lomwe tafotokozali, ena opanga makina amakonzekeretsa zida zawo zamagetsi ndikusintha kosavuta kwama shifter oyenda ndi kapangidwe kosavuta. Imayendetsedwa ndi cholumikizira chowongolera ma hydraulic. Kusinthaku kuli ndi chida chotsatira:

  • Hayidiroliki zowalamulira;
  • Nyumba yamagetsi (werengani za ntchito yake apa). Imaikidwa pa ma camshafts. Chiwerengero chawo chimadalira mtundu wachitsanzo;
  • Maphatikizidwe amadzimadzi amadzimadzi;
  • Ozungulira anaika aliyense zowalamulira;
  • Ogulitsa zamagetsi zamagetsi pama camshaft aliwonse.
Chipangizo ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito ya CVVT

Kusinthaku kumagwira ntchito motere. Galimoto yoyendetsa gawo ili mkati mwa nyumba. Amakhala ndi gawo lamkati, lozungulira, lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi camshaft. Gawo lakunja limazungulira chifukwa cha unyolo, ndipo mumitundu ina ya mayunitsi - lamba wa nthawi. Choyendetsa chikugwirizana ndi crankshaft. Pakati pa magawo amenewa pali mafuta odzaza.

Kutembenuka kwa rotor kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kukakamiza kwamakina oyeserera. Chifukwa cha izi, pali kupititsa patsogolo kapena kutsalira pakugawana gasi. Palibe mpope wamafuta m'dongosolo lino. Mafuta amaperekedwa ndi woponya mafuta wamkulu. Kuthamanga kwa injini ikakhala kotsika, kuthamanga m'dongosolo kumakhala kochepa, motero mavavu olowera amatsegulidwa pambuyo pake. Kutulutsidwa kumadzachitikanso pambuyo pake. Kuthamanga kukukwera, kuthamanga kwamagetsi kumawonjezereka, ndipo ozungulira amatembenuka pang'ono, chifukwa chomwe kumasulidwa kumachitika koyambirira (kulumikizana kwa valavu kumapangidwa). Sitiroko yakumwa imayambanso koyambirira kuposa momwe imakhalira, pomwe mavuto m'thupi amafooka.

Injiniyo ikayambika, komanso mumitundu ina yamagalimoto panthawi yomwe injini yoyaka yamkati ikungoyenda, rotor ya kulumikiza kwamadzimadzi imatsekedwa ndipo imakhala yolumikizana mwamphamvu ndi camshaft. Kotero kuti panthawi yoyamba magetsi, zitsulo zimadzazidwa bwino momwe zingathere, zikhomo zakuthambo zimayikidwa munjira yotsika kwambiri ya injini yoyaka yamkati. Pamene kuchuluka kwa crankshaft kukuwonjezeka, gawo losunthira limayamba kugwira ntchito, chifukwa gawo la zonenepa zonse limakonzedwa nthawi yomweyo.

M'masinthidwe ambiri amagetsi ophatikizika, ma rotor amatsekedwa chifukwa chosowa mafuta muntchito. Mafuta akangolowa pakati pazigawozo, atapanikizika amasiyana. Pali ma mota omwe amapangira ma plunger omwe amalumikiza / kulekanitsa malowa, kutseka ozungulira.

Lumikiza CVVT

Mukupanga kwa cvvt madzimadzi kulumikiza, kapena gawo shifter, pali zida zokhala ndi mano akuthwa, zomwe zimakhazikika m'thupi la makinawo. Lamba wa nthawi (unyolo) amaikidwa pamenepo. Mkati mwa njirayi, magiyawo amalumikizidwa ndi ozungulira mwamphamvu yolumikizidwa ndi shaft ya magawidwe amagetsi. Pali zibowo pakati pa zinthu izi, zomwe zimadzazidwa ndi mafuta pomwe chipangizocho chikuyenda. Kupsyinjika kwa lubricant pamzerewu, zinthu sizimalumikizidwa, ndikusunthira pang'ono kwa kasinthasintha ka camshaft.

Chipangizo ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito ya CVVT

Chipangizo chophatikizira chimakhala ndi:

  • Ozungulira;
  • Stator;
  • Pini yotseka.

Gawo lachitatu likufunika kotero kuti gawo losunthira limalola kuti mota ziziyenda mwadzidzidzi ngati kuli kofunikira. Izi zimachitika, mwachitsanzo, kuthamanga kwamafuta kutsika kwambiri. Pakadali pano, pini imasunthira mu poyambira pa drive sprocket ndi rotor. Dzenje limafanana ndi malo apakati pa camshaft. Mwanjira imeneyi, magwiridwe antchito osakanikirana azitha kuwonedwa pang'onopang'ono.

Momwe VVT ​​Control Valve Solenoid Imagwirira Ntchito

M'dongosolo la cvvt, pamafunika valavu ya solenoid kuti muchepetse kukhathamira kwa mafuta omwe amalowa muntchito ya shifter. Makinawa ali ndi:

  • Plunger;
  • Cholumikizira;
  • Masika;
  • Nyumba;
  • Vavu;
  • Mafuta ndi ngalande ngalande;
  • Kumulowetsa.
Chipangizo ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito ya CVVT

Kwenikweni, ndi valavu yamagetsi. Imayang'aniridwa ndi microprocessor yamagalimoto omwe adakwera. Mitundu imalandiridwa kuchokera ku ECU, pomwe magetsi amakanikira. Spool imadutsa mu plunger. Mayendedwe amafuta (amadutsa njira yofananira) amatsimikizika ndi malo omwe spool imathandizira.

Momwe ntchito

Kuti timvetse momwe ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito gawo imagwirira ntchito, tiyeni tiwone momwe nthawi yamagetsi imagwirira ntchito, magwiridwe antchito a mota akusintha. Ngati tiwagawa bwino, padzakhala mitundu isanu:

  1. Idling akutembenuka. Mwanjira imeneyi, kuyendetsa nthawi ndi makina oyeserera ali ndi zosintha zochepa. Pofuna kuteteza mpweya wambiri wambiri kuti usalowe mundawo, m'pofunika kusintha nthawi yochedwa kutsegulira kwa valavu yolowera. Chifukwa cha kusinthaku, injini iziyenda bwino kwambiri, utsi wake uzikhala wa poizoni pang'ono, ndipo chipangizocho sichidya mafuta ochulukirapo kuposa momwe amayenera kuchitira.
  2. Katundu wochepa. Mwanjira imeneyi, kulumikizana kwa valavu kumakhala kochepa. Zotsatira zake ndizofanana: m'dongosolo lazakudya (werengani zambiri za izi apa), mpweya wochuluka wocheperako umalowa, ndipo kuyendetsa galimoto kumakhazikika.
  3. Katundu wapakatikati. Kuti unit igwire bwino ntchitoyi, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale kulumikizana kwakukulu kwa valavu. Izi zichepetsa kuchepa kwa mapampu. Kusintha kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti mpweya wambiri uwonongeke kuti uzilowa. Izi ndizofunikira pamtengo wochepa wa kutentha kwa sing'anga mu silinda (mpweya wocheperako pakupanga kwa VTS). Mwa njira, pazifukwa izi, zida zamagetsi zamakono zitha kukhala ndi dongosolo lokonzanso (werengani mwatsatanetsatane za izi payokha). Izi kumachepetsa zili nitrogenous okusayidi.
  4. Katundu wothamanga kwambiri. Pakadali pano, mavavu olowera ayenera kutseka koyambirira. Izi zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa makokedwe. Kulowererana kwamagulu amagetsi kuyenera kuti kulibe kapena kuchepa. Izi zidzalola kuti mota iyankhe bwino poyenda. Galimoto ikayenda mopepuka, izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pa injini.
  5. Katundu wothamanga kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, mphamvu yayikulu ya injini yoyaka mkati iyenera kuchotsedwa. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kuti kulumikizana kwa valavu kumachitika pafupi ndi TDC ya pisitoni. Chifukwa cha ichi ndikuti mphamvu yayikulu imafunikira BTC yochuluka momwe ingathere munthawi yochepa pomwe ma valve olowera amatseguka.
Chipangizo ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito ya CVVT

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito injini yoyaka yamkati, camshaft iyenera kupereka chisonyezero cha kulumikizana kwa valavu (pomwe malo olowera ndi otsegulira silinda yogwiritsira ntchito amatsegulidwa nthawi yomweyo pakamenyedwe kake). Komabe, pakukhazikika kwa kuyaka kwa VTS, kuyendetsa bwino kwa zonenepa, mafuta oyenera komanso zosafunikira zochepa, pamafunika kuti parameter iyi isakhale yofananira, koma yasinthidwa. Chifukwa chake mu mawonekedwe a XX, kulowererana kwa valavu sikofunikira, chifukwa pakadali pano mafuta ena amalowa mu utsi osayaka, pomwe chothandizira chidzavutike pakapita nthawi (zafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane apa).

Koma ndikuchulukirachulukira, njira yoyaka mafuta osakanikirana ndi mpweya imawoneka kuti iwonjezere kutentha kwa silinda (mpweya wambiri m'mimbamo). Kuti izi zisatsogolere kuphulika kwa mota, kuchuluka kwa VTS kuyenera kukhalabe kofanana, koma kuchuluka kwa mpweya kuyenera kuchepa pang'ono. Pachifukwa ichi, dongosololi limalola ma valve am'magulu onse awiri kuti akhale otseguka kwakanthawi, kotero kuti gawo la mpweya wotulutsira umadutsa munjira yodyetsera.

Izi ndizomwe woyang'anira gawo amachita. Makina a CVVT amagwira ntchito m'njira ziwiri: lead and lag. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe mawonekedwe awo ali.

Patsogolo

Popeza kapangidwe kake kamakhala ndi njira ziwiri zomwe mafuta amaperekera, mitunduyo imadalira kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'mbali iliyonse. Injini ikayamba, mpope wamafuta umayamba kukakamiza pamakina ofewetsa. Zinthuzo zimadutsa m'mayendedwe kupita ku valavu yamagetsi. Udindo wa tsamba damper umalamulidwa ndi zikhumbo kuchokera ku ECU.

Kusintha mbali yosinthasintha ya camshaft kupita patsogolo kwa gawolo, chiphuphu cha valavu chimatsegula njira yomwe mafuta amalowera mchipinda cholumikizira chamadzimadzi, chomwe chimayendetsa patsogolo. Nthawi yomweyo, kuti athetse kuthamanga kwam'mbuyo, mafuta amatulutsidwa mchipinda chachiwiri.

Wopanda

Ngati ndi kotheka (kumbukirani kuti izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi microprocessor ya board board yamagalimoto potengera ma algorithms omwe adakonzedwa), tsegulirani mavavu olowera pang'ono pambuyo pake, zimachitikanso chimodzimodzi. Pakadali pano, mafuta amatumphuka kuchokera kuchipinda chotsogola ndikuponyedwa mchipinda chachiwiri chophatikizira madzi kudzera mumayendedwe ake.

Chipangizo ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito ya CVVT

Pachiyambi, rotor ya lumikiza lamadzimadzi limatembenukira motsutsana ndi kuzungulira kwa crankshaft. Pachifukwa chachiwiri, zochitikazo zimachitika potembenuza crankshaft.

Mfundo za CVVT

Chodziwika bwino cha dongosolo la CVVT ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zonenepa ndizodzaza bwino kwambiri ndi mafuta osungunuka, mosasamala kanthu za liwiro la crankshaft komanso katundu pamakina oyaka mkati. Popeza pali zosintha zingapo zama shifters, malingaliro amachitidwe awo adzakhala osiyana. Komabe, mfundo yayikuluyi sinasinthe.

Dongosolo lonse limagawika pamitundu itatu:

  1. Njira zopanda pake. Pakadali pano, zamagetsi zimapangitsa kuti gawo losunthira lizizungulira kotero kuti mavavu olowa azitseguka pambuyo pake. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mota iziyenda bwino.
  2. Avereji ya RPM. Mwanjira imeneyi, camshaft iyenera kukhala pakatikati. Izi zimapereka mafuta ochepa poyerekeza ndi mainjini amtunduwu. Pachifukwa ichi, sikungobwerera kokha kosavuta kuchokera ku injini yoyaka yamkati, komanso kutulutsa kwake sikungakhale koopsa kwambiri.
  3. Mothamanga kwambiri. Poterepa, mphamvu yayikulu yamagetsi iyenera kuchotsedwa. Kuti izi zitheke, dongosololi limakhwimitsa camshaft potsegulira koyambirira kwa mavavu olowera. Mwanjira imeneyi, kudya kumayenera kuyambitsidwa koyambirira ndikukhala kwakanthawi, kotero kuti munthawi yochepa kwambiri (chifukwa cha liwiro lalitali kwambiri), zonenepa zimapitilizabe kulandira kuchuluka kwa VTS.

Zovuta zazikulu

Kulemba zolephera zonse zomwe zimakhudzana ndi gawo losunthira, ndikofunikira kulingalira zosintha zina zadongosolo. Koma tisanatchulepo kuti zina mwazizindikiro za kulephera kwa CVVT ndizofanana ndi zolakwika zina zamagetsi ndi zida zina, mwachitsanzo, poyatsira ndi mafuta. Pachifukwa ichi, musanapite kukonzanso gawo losintha, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti makinawa akugwira bwino ntchito.

Chipangizo ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito ya CVVT

Ganizirani zovuta zomwe zimachitika mu dongosolo la CVVT.

Gawo lachidziwitso

M'makina omwe amasintha nthawi ya valavu, masensa a gawo amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Masensa awiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi amodzi a camshaft yodya ndipo inayo ndi yotulutsa camshaft. Ntchito ya DF ndikuwona momwe ma camshafts alili munjira zonse zama injini. Sikuti mafuta amangolumikizidwa ndi ma sensa okha (a ECU ndi omwe amafufuza mafutawo), komanso poyatsira (omwe amagawa amatumiza kugunda kwamphamvu kwambiri ku silinda inayake kuti ayatse VTS).

A kuwonongeka kwa gawo kachipangizo kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka mowa mphamvu injini. Chifukwa cha ichi ndikuti ECU siyilandila chizindikiro pomwe cholembera choyamba chimayamba kupha sitiroko inayake. Poterepa, zamagetsi zimayambitsa jakisoni wa paraphase. Apa ndipamene mphindi yamafuta imatsimikiziridwa ndi nyemba zochokera ku DPKV. Mwanjira imeneyi, ma jakisoni amayambitsidwa kawiri kawiri.

Chipangizo ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito ya CVVT

Chifukwa cha njirayi, mota ipitilizabe kugwira ntchito. Kupangidwe kokha kwa mafuta osakaniza mpweya sikuchitika panthawi yabwino kwambiri. Chifukwa cha ichi, mphamvu yamagetsi imachepa, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwamafuta kumawonjezeka (zingati, zimatengera mtundu wamagalimoto). Izi ndi zizindikilo zomwe mungadziwire kuwonongeka kwa gawo la sensa:

  • Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kwawonjezeka;
  • Mpweya wa utsi wawonjezeka (ngati chothandizira sichitha kuthana ndi magwiridwe ake, chizindikirochi chidzatsagana ndi kununkhira kwamachitidwe kuchokera ku chitoliro cha utsi - kununkhira kwa mafuta osayatsa);
  • Mphamvu za injini yoyaka yamkati zatsika;
  • Kusakhazikika kwa gawo lamagetsi kumawonedwa (kowonekera kwambiri mumayendedwe a XX);
  • Pokonzekera bwino, nyali yamagetsi yamagetsi idabwera;
  • Zovuta kuyambitsa injini (kwa masekondi angapo a oyambitsa, ECU siyilandila kuchokera ku DF, pambuyo pake imasinthira njira ya jakisoni ya paraphase);
  • Pali kusokonekera kwa magwiridwe antchito amtundu wa mota (kutengera mtundu wamagalimoto, izi zimachitika panthawi yomwe injini yoyaka yamkati idayambika, yomwe imatenga masekondi 10);
  • Ngati makinawo ali ndi HBO ya m'badwo wachinayi ndi kupitilira apo, zosokoneza pakugwira ntchito kwa chipangizocho zimawonedwa bwino. Izi ndichifukwa choti gawo loyang'anira magalimoto ndi gawo la LPG zimagwira ntchito mosagwirizana.

DF makamaka imawonongeka chifukwa chakuchepa kwachilengedwe, komanso chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri komanso kunjenjemera kosalekeza. Sensulo yonseyo ndiyokhazikika, chifukwa imagwira ntchito potengera momwe Hall imathandizira.

Khodi yolakwika yotaya nthawi ya camshaft

Pozindikira zida zomwe zili pa bolodi, zida zitha kujambula cholakwika ichi (mwachitsanzo, pamakina a Renault magalimoto, amafanana ndi nambala ya DF080). Kumatanthauza kuphwanya kalunzanitsidwe ka kusamutsidwa kwa ngodya ya kasinthidwe ka camshaft. Apa ndipamene dongosololi limasinthira kukhala kovuta kuposa momwe ECU yasonyezera.

Chipangizo ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito ya CVVT

Zizindikiro za vuto ili ndi izi:

  1. Alamu ya injini paudongo;
  2. Kuthamanga kwambiri kapena kuyandama kwachangu;
  3. Injiniyo ndi yovuta kuyambitsa;
  4. Makina oyaka amkati sakhazikika;
  5. Mwanjira zina, unit imakhazikika;
  6. Kugogoda kumamveka kuchokera ku injini;
  7. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka;
  8. Utsi sikugwirizana ndi chilengedwe.

Cholakwika P0011 chitha kuchitika chifukwa cha mafuta akuda (kusintha kwamafuta sikupangidwa munthawi yake) kapena kutsika kwake. Komanso, nambala yofananira imawonekera pomwe gawo losinthana ndi gawo limodzi. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti zamagetsi zamagalimoto osiyanasiyana ndizosiyana, chifukwa chake, kulakwitsa kumeneku kumatha kusiyananso. M'mitundu yambiri, ili ndi zilembo P0011 (P0016).

Solenoid valavu

Makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa kulankhula nthawi zambiri anati mu limagwirira. Vutoli limathetsedwa poyang'ana ndikuyeretsa chip cholumikizira cha chipangizocho. Chosazolowereka kwambiri ndi mphero ya valavu pamalo enaake, kapena siyiyatsa moto mukapatsidwa mphamvu. Ngati valavu yochokera pakusintha kwadongosolo inaikidwa pa shifter yamagawo, itha kugwiranso ntchito.

Kuti muwone valavu yamagetsi, imadulidwa. Kenako, amawunika ngati tsinde lake likuyenda momasuka. Kuti tichite izi, timalumikiza zingwe ziwiri kulumikizana ndi valavu ndipo kwakanthawi kochepa (osapitilira mphindi imodzi kapena ziwiri kuti valavu isatenthe) timatseka kumapeto kwa batire. Ngati valavu ikugwira ntchito, phokoso lidzamveka. Kupanda kutero, gawolo liyenera kusinthidwa.

Kuthamanga kondomu

Ngakhale kuwonongeka kumeneku sikukhudzana ndi magwiridwe antchito a gawo lomwe limasunthika lokha, magwiridwe antchito a dongosololi amatengera izi. Ngati kupanikizika kwa mafuta kukufooka, ozungulira sangasinthe camshaft mokwanira. Nthawi zambiri, izi ndizosowa, kutengera kusintha kwa mafuta. Kuti mumve zambiri pa nthawi yomwe mungasinthe mafuta mu injini, werengani payokha.

Woyang'anira gawo

Kuphatikiza pa kusowa kwa valavu ya solenoid, gawo losunthira lokha limatha kupanikizana m'malo amodzi. Inde, ndikulephera kotere, galimoto imatha kupitilizidwa kugwira ntchito. Mukungoyenera kukumbukira kuti mota yomwe ili ndi gawo lowuma lomwe limaundana pamalo amodzi idzagwira ntchito mofananamo ngati kuti ilibe zida zosinthira nthawi yamagetsi.

Chipangizo ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito ya CVVT

Nazi zina mwazizindikiro zakuti gawo lowongolera lathyoledwa kwathunthu kapena pang'ono:

  1. Lamba wa nthawi umagwira ndi phokoso lakunja. Monga oyendetsa galimoto ena omwe adakumana ndi cholephera chotere, mawu amamveka kuchokera pagawo losunthira lomwe likufanana ndi kuyendetsa kwa dizilo.
  2. Kutengera ndi camshaft, injini izikhala ndi rpm yosakhazikika (yopanda kanthu, yapakatikati kapena yayitali). Poterepa, mphamvu yotulutsa idzakhala yotsika kwambiri. Injini yotere imatha kugwira ntchito bwino ngati XX, ndikutaya mphamvu pakufulumira, ndipo mosemphanitsa: mumayendedwe oyendetsa masewera, khalani olimba, koma mukatulutsa petulo, imayamba "kutsamwa".
  3. Popeza nthawi ya valavu siyikugwirizana ndi magwiridwe antchito a magetsi, mafuta amu tanki amatuluka mwachangu (mumitundu ina yamagalimoto sizowoneka bwino).
  4. Mpweya wotulutsa utsi umakhala woopsa kwambiri, limodzi ndi fungo lamphamvu la mafuta osayatsa.
  5. Injini ikayamba kutentha, zimawoneka liwiro loyandama. Pakadali pano, gawo losunthira limatha kutulutsa chisokonezo champhamvu.
  6. Kuphwanya kusasinthasintha kwa ma camshafts, omwe amatsagana ndi cholakwika chofananira, chomwe chitha kuwonedwa pakuwunika kwamakompyuta (za momwe njirayi imagwirira ntchito, werengani kubwereza kwina).

Gawo lowongolera lokha limatha kulephera chifukwa chovala mwachilengedwe masamba. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika pambuyo pa 100-200 sauzande.Ngati dalaivala amanyalanyaza malingaliro osintha mafuta (mafuta akale amataya madzi ndipo amakhala ndi tchipisi tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono), ndiye kuti kuwonongeka kwa rotor yamadzimadzi kumatha kuchitika kale.

Komanso, chifukwa chovala zida zachitsulo zosinthira, chikwangwani chikafika pa chojambulira, camshaft imatha kutembenuka kuposa momwe makina ogwiritsa ntchito amafunira. Kuchita bwino kwa phaser kumakhudzidwanso ndi mavuto okhala ndi crankshaft ndi camshaft position sensors. Chifukwa cha zikwangwani zawo zolakwika, a ECU atha kusinthiratu molondola njira yogawa gasi ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito injini.

Ngakhale kawirikawiri, zolephera zamagetsi zamagetsi zomwe zimachitika pagalimoto zimachitika. Chifukwa cha kulephera kwamapulogalamu mu ECU, imatha kupereka zolakwika kapena kungoyamba kukonza zolakwika, ngakhale sipangakhale zolakwika zilizonse.

Ntchito

Popeza gawo losunthira limapereka kuyendetsa bwino magwiridwe antchito, kuyendetsa bwino kwa mphamvu yamagetsi kumadalira momwe zinthu zake zonse zimagwirira ntchito. Pachifukwa ichi, makinawo amafunikira kukonza kwakanthawi. Choyamba chomwe chimayenera kusamalidwa ndi fyuluta yamafuta (osati yayikulu, koma yomwe imatsuka mafutawo ndikuphatikirana kwamadzimadzi). Pafupifupi, makilomita 30 aliwonse amafunika kutsukidwa kapena kusinthidwa ndi ena atsopano.

Chipangizo ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito ya CVVT

Ngakhale woyendetsa galimoto aliyense amatha kuchita izi (kuyeretsa), mumagalimoto ena chinthuchi ndi chovuta kupeza. Nthawi zambiri imayikidwa mu mzere wamafuta a mafuta pamakina pakati pa mpope wamafuta ndi valavu ya solenoid. Tisanachotse zosefera, tikukulimbikitsani kuti muyambe mwayang'ana kaye malangizo ake momwe amawonekera. Kuphatikiza pa kuyeretsa kwa chinthucho, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mauna ndi thupi lake sizikuwonongeka. Pogwira ntchito, ndikofunikira kusamala, chifukwa zosefera palokha ndizosalimba.

Ubwino ndi kuipa

Madalaivala ambiri ali ndi funso lokhudza kuthekera kozimitsa makina osinthira nthawi yama valve. Zachidziwikire, mbuye pamalo osungira amatha kuzimitsa gawo losunthira, koma palibe amene angalembetse njirayi, chifukwa mutha kukhala otsimikiza ndi 100% kuti panthawiyi magalimoto azikhala osakhazikika. Sipangakhale funso lazitsimikiziro zakugwira ntchito kwa gawo lamagetsi panthawi yogwira popanda gawo losunthira.

Chifukwa chake, zabwino za dongosolo la CVVT zikuphatikizapo izi:

  1. Amakhala ndi kudzazidwa koyenera kwambiri kwama cylinders munjira iliyonse yogwiritsira ntchito injini yoyaka yamkati;
  2. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pakuyaka kwa mafuta osakanikirana ndi mpweya ndikuchotsa mphamvu yayikulu pamiyeso yosiyana ndi katundu wa injini;
  3. Mpweya wa utsi wa mpweya umachepetsedwa, popeza m'njira zosiyanasiyana, MTC imayaka kwathunthu;
  4. Chuma chamtengo wapatali cha mafuta chitha kuwonedwa, kutengera mtundu wa injini, ngakhale kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa chipangizocho;
  5. Galimoto nthawi zonse imakhala yogwira ntchito, ndipo pamagetsi apamwamba, kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ndi makokedwe kumawoneka.

Ngakhale kuti dongosolo la CVVT lakonzedwa kuti likhazikitse magwiridwe antchito amtundu wamagalimoto osiyanasiyana komanso kuthamanga, sizikhala zopanda zovuta zingapo. Choyamba, poyerekeza ndi mota wapamwamba wokhala ndi camshafts imodzi kapena ziwiri munthawiyo, makinawa ndi magawo ena owonjezera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti gawo lina limawonjezeredwa m'galimoto, lomwe limafuna chisamaliro mukamayendetsa mayendedwe komanso malo ena owonongeka.

Kachiwiri, kukonza kapena kusintha kosinthana ndi gawo shifter kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito. Chachitatu, popeza gawo losunthira pakompyuta limapangitsa kuti magetsi azigwira bwino ntchito, mtengo wake ndiwambiri. Pomaliza, tikupangira kuwonera kanema wamfupi chifukwa chake kusintha kosintha gawo kumafunikira pamayendedwe amakono, ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito:

Makina osinthira nthawi yama valve pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha CVVT

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

CVVT ndi chiyani? Iyi ndi dongosolo lomwe limasintha nthawi ya valve (Continuous Variable Valve Timing). Imasinthira nthawi yotsegulira ma valve olowetsa ndi kutulutsa mpweya malinga ndi liwiro la galimotoyo.

Kodi clutch ya CVVT ndi chiyani? Ichi ndiye actuator yofunika kwambiri ya variable valve timing system. Imatchedwanso phase shifter. Imasuntha nthawi yotsegulira ma valve.

Kodi Dual CVVT ndi chiyani? Uku ndikusinthidwa kwa nthawi ya valve variable. Pawiri - pawiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ma shifter awiri amaikidwa panthawi yotere (imodzi yolowera, ina ya ma valve otulutsa mpweya).

Kuwonjezera ndemanga