Turbocompound - ndi chiyani? Mfundo yogwirira ntchito

Pofuna kukonza magwiridwe antchito amagetsi, opanga akupanga zida ndi zida zosiyanasiyana. Pakati pawo pali turbocompound. Tiyeni tiwone mtundu wa chipangizocho, momwe injini yamagetsi imagwirira ntchito komanso zabwino zake.

Kodi turbocompound ndi chiyani

Kusinthidwa ntchito pa injini dizilo. Mu mawonekedwe achikale, injini ili ndi chopangira mphamvu chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wotulutsa mpweya kuti uwonjezere kuthamanga kwa mpweya pakudya kambiri.

Makina amagetsi amapereka kuyaka kwabwino kwa HTS mumiyala, chifukwa momwe mpweya umalandirira zinthu zochepa zoyipa, ndipo injini imapeza mphamvu zowonjezera. Komabe, makinawa amagwiritsa ntchito kachigawo kakang'ono chabe ka mphamvu kamene kamatuluka pamene mpweya wotulutsa mpweya umachoka mowirikiza.

Nayi manambala. Kutentha kwa gasi kotuluka mu injini kumatha kufika pafupifupi madigiri 750. Gasiyo ikamadutsa mu chopangira mphamvu, imazungulira masamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya uzikhala wabwino. Pamalo otulutsa mafutawo, mpweya umatenthetsabe (kutentha kwawo kumangotsika ndi madigiri zana okha).

Mphamvu zotsalazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gawo lapadera lomwe utsi umadutsa. Chipangizochi chimasinthira mphamvu imeneyi kukhala mawotchi, yomwe imakulitsa kuzungulira kwa crankshaft.

Kusankhidwa

Chofunika cha chipindacho ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya crankshaft chifukwa cha mphamvu yomwe imachotsedwa mu injini wamba mumlengalenga. Dizilo limalandira mphamvu zowonjezera, koma siligwiritsa ntchito mafuta owonjezera.

Momwe kagawo ka turbo imagwirira ntchito

Turbocharging yachikale imakhala ndi njira ziwiri. Yoyamba ndi mpweya, womwe umayendetsedwa chifukwa chazovuta zomwe zimapangidwa panjira yotulutsa. Njira yachiwiri ndi kompresa yogwirizana ndi chinthu choyambirira. Cholinga chake ndikupopera mpweya wabwino muzitsulo.

Pamtima pazowonjezera, turbine yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa main. Pofuna kuthetsa kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kasinthasintha wa turbo pawiri ndi flywheel, chinthu hayidiroliki ntchito - zowalamulira. Kutsetsereka kwake kumatsimikizira kulumikizana kwa makokedwe kuchokera ku chipangizocho ndi crankshaft ya injini.

Nayi kanema wachidule wa momwe imodzi mwazosinthidwa zama injini a Volvo turbocompound imagwira:

Magalimoto a Volvo - Injini ya D13 Turbo Compound

Ntchito yopanga makina a Turbo

Nayi chithunzi chachangu cha momwe injini yamagetsi yama turbo imagwirira ntchito. Choyamba, mpweya wotulutsa utsi umalowa mu turbocharger, ndikupotokola chopangira chachikulu. Komanso, otaya atembenuza impeller wa limagwirira. Kuphatikiza apo, liwiro limatha kufikira 100 zikwi pamphindi.

Chipika chophatikizira chimayikidwa kuseri kwa dera lowonjezera. Mtsinje umalowa mkati mwake, ndikuzungulira chopangira. Chiwerengerochi chimafika 55 pamphindi. Kenako, kulumikiza kwamadzimadzi ndi zida zochepetsera zolumikizidwa ndi crankshaft zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Popanda kulumikiza kwamadzimadzi, chipangizocho sichingapangitse kuwonjezeka kwamphamvu kwa injini yoyaka yamkati.

Scania injini ili ndi chiwembu chotere. Njirayi ndi ntchito yopanga magetsi DT 1202. Makina oyendetsa dizilo omwe anali ndi turbocharged adatha kupanga mphamvu mkati mwa 420hp. Wopanga atakweza gawo lamagetsi ndi makina opangira turbo, magwiridwe ake adakwera ndi akavalo 50.

Ubwino ndi kuipa

Kuzindikira kwachitukuko kwapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsatira zabwino zotsatirazi:

• Kuwonjezeka kwabwino kwa injini, koma nthawi yomweyo crankshaft siyimazungulira mwachangu kuposa masiku onse;
• Pogwira ntchito, kuyika sikutanthauza mafuta owonjezera, omwe samapangitsa kuti galimoto ikhale yolimba;
• Chifukwa chakuphatikizika kwa ma hydraulic, kukhazikika kwa chipangizocho kumatsimikizika ndikusintha kwakuthwa kwa katundu;
• Injini imayenda bwino kwambiri chifukwa kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu kumaperekedwa ndi kusinthasintha kwa crankshaft kosavuta, koma osati chifukwa cha zolumikizana kuchokera pamakina a crank;
• Kukhazikika kwa chipangizocho sikuchepera, ngati kuti turbine idayikidwa pa injini wamba. M'malo mwake, chifukwa chotsitsa makina a pisitoni, zida zake zogwirira ntchito zimawonjezeka.

Zoyipa zake zikuphatikiza kuti ndalama zambiri zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza ndikuwonjezera zina zifunikanso kulipira makina amakono. Kuphatikiza pa mtengo wokwera wa injiniyo, kapangidwe kake kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa cha izi, kukonza ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, kukonza kumakhala kotsika mtengo kwambiri, ndipo kumakhala kovuta kupeza mbuye yemwe amamvetsetsa bwino chida choyikiracho.

Timapereka kuyesa kochepa kwa injini ya dizilo turbocompound:

Volvo FH I-Sungani - kuyesa turbocompound