Toyota, mbiri - Auto Story
Zamkatimu
Toyota, yomwe idakondwerera zaka 2012 mu 75, ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri zamagalimoto padziko lapansi. Tiyeni tiwone limodzi mbiri yakutukuka kwachuma komanso luso laukadaulo.
Toyota, mbiri
La Toyota adabadwa mu 1933, ndiye kuti Toyoda Makinawa nsalu - kampani yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1890 ndipo ikugwira ntchito yopanga looms - imatsegula nthambi yomwe imayang'ana magalimoto. Pamutu wa gawo ili ndi Kiitiro Toyodamwana Sakichi (woyambitsa woyamba wa kampani).
Mu 1934 woyamba magalimoto: mtundu ndi injini ya 3.4 hp, 62-litre inline-six yomwe inakopera kuchokera ku Chevrolet ya 1929 yomwe inakhazikitsidwa mu 1935 pa prototype A1 ndipo miyezi ingapo pambuyo pake pa galimoto yamalonda. G1.
Model AA: Toyota weniweni woyamba
Makina oyamba opanga Toyota ndi Chitsanzo AA kuyambira 1936, wokhala ndi makina ofanana ndi A1 prototype ndi kapangidwe kofanana kwambiri ndi Chrysler Kutuluka kwa mpweya.
Toyota Motor Company imadziyimira pawokha
Mu 1937 Kampani ya Toyota Motor amakhala mtundu wodziyimira pawokha. Chisankho cha Kiichiro chosagwiritsa ntchito dzinali Toyota Izi zimapita kukhulupirira zamatsenga: kuti mulembe Toyota mu Chijapani, mufunika zikwapu zisanu ndi zitatu (nambala yamwayi) m'malo mwa zisanu ndi ziwiri.
Munthawi ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, kupanga magalimoto kudayimitsidwa m'malo mokomera mtundu wankhondo. Kuphulika kwa bomba kwa fakitaleyo sikuthandiza Aichi.
Nthawi ya nkhondo itatha
Kupanga magalimoto Toyota kuyambiranso mu 1947 ndi SA: chitsanzo - chopezeka ndi zitseko ziwiri zokha komanso zofanana ndi Volkswagen. kachilomboka - omwe ndi osiyana ndi ena magalimoto yamphamvu inayi (1.0 yokhala ndi 27 hp), ya kuyimitsidwa wokhala ndi mawilo anayi odziyimira pawokha komanso thupi lochita kuwerama.
Pambuyo pamavuto kwakanthawi, kampani yaku Japan idachira mu 1950 pomwe idapereka magalimoto 5.000 kwa asitikali aku US kuti Nkhondo yaku Korea mu 1951 chovuta cha offroad, kholo la banja Land cruiser... Chopangidwa makamaka kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito yankhondo, ndichachikulu kuposa Jeep komanso champhamvu kwambiri: woyenera magalimoto 3.4 zisanu-yamphamvu 86 hp
Mu 1957 Korona (sedan kapena station wagon ndi Zipangizo petulo ndi dizilo kuchokera 1,5 mpaka 1,9 malita) amakhala woyamba Toyota kutumizidwa ku USA, ndipo mu 1959 chomeracho mu g. Motomachi.
kukulitsa
Toyota imakulitsa m'masiku makumi asanu ndi limodzi: chiwerengero cha "mamiliyoni 10" chimapangidwa, ndipo mapangano amayamba Hino ndi Daihatsu.
Kufika koyamba ku Europe kudayamba mu 1962 - ndi ziwiri Toyopet Tiara (zitseko ziwiri, zitatu kapena zinayi ndi Zipangizo kuchokera ku 1 mpaka 1,9 malita) ku Finland - pomwe mu 1963 galimoto yoyamba ya kampani yaku Japan idapangidwa kunja kwa Japan, mu Australia... Mu 1968, makope oyamba ku Europe adasonkhanitsidwa ku Portugal.
70 ndi 80
M'zaka za m'ma 70. Toyota imakhala chizindikiro chadziko lonse: mu 1975, pomwe Chifinishi Hannu Mikkola amapeza kupambana koyamba kwa WRC kwa wopanga waku Japan mu Rally 1000 nyanja kumbuyo kwa gudumu Whisk - imakhala chizindikiro choyamba ku United States, ndipo chaka chamawa imafika pachimake cha magalimoto otumizidwa kunja milioni imodzi.
Chithunzi cha Brand ku Europe chimalimbikitsidwa ndikukhazikitsa atatu masewera coupe: MR2 kuchokera 1985 (Zipangizo 1.5 ndi 1.6 wokwera pakati kumbuyo galimoto), Ndi M'mbuyomu Brand XNUMX 1986 (injini kuyambira malita awiri mpaka atatu) ndi Chithunzi cha T160 kuyambira 1987 (imapezekanso mu kangaude ndi injini kuchokera ku 1,6 mpaka 2 malita).
mu 1987 Toyota e Volkswagen kusaina mgwirizano wopanga Bokosi la Hilux (tarot kwa mtundu wa Wolfsburg) ku Germany, ndipo mu 1989 mtundu wapamwamba wa Lexus udapangidwa.
Zaka makumi asanu ndi anayi
Mu 1992 Toyota imayamba kupanga ku UK Karina E. (amatchedwanso Korona Т190): sedan yokhala ndi injini kuchokera ku 1,6 mpaka 2 malita.
Kumbali inayi, 1997 inali chaka chamvula. wosakanizidwa pamaso p XW10yokhala ndi zitseko zinayi ndi injini ya petulo 1.5 yophatikizidwa ndi chinthu chimodzi mphamvu yomwe mu 1999 idalandira mphotho yotchuka ya "injini yabwino kwambiri pachaka".
Zakachikwi zachitatu
Zakachikwi zachitatu Toyota imayamba mwanjira yabwino kwambiri kuyambira 2000 Yambani XP10 (zopangidwa ku France zokhala ndi Zipangizo kuchokera 1 mpaka 1,5 l) amapatsidwa Galimoto ya Chaka.
Mu 2002, chaka cha dalaivala waku Brazil Mkhristu da Matta kumbuyo kwa gudumu Lola zoyendetsa Toyota apambana mpikisano wa US Chilinganizo BASKET - Wopanga ku Japan akuyamba ku F1. Zotsatira sizosiyana: mu nyengo zisanu ndi zitatu (2005 inali yabwino kwambiri), gululo linatenga malo atatu okha.
Mu 2005, zomwe zidagwirizana ndikuyamba kupanga ku St. Czech Republic kuchokera galimoto yamzinda ayoo Pogwirizana ndi Citroen (C1) NDI Peugeot (107), m'badwo wachiwiri Chofunika (ya XW20 ndi 1.5 injini) ipambana mphotho Galimoto ya Chaka.
Mu 2009 Toyota Camry kuyendetsa Kyle Bush apambana mpikisano waku America Mndandanda wa NASCAR National... Ino ndi nthawi yoyamba (ndipo pakadali pano) yomwe mndandandawu ukulamulidwa ndi wopanga yemwe si waku America.
