Mitundu yotumizira

Kutumiza ndi gawo lofunikira pagalimoto iliyonse, chifukwa chake mungathe:

• sintha makokedwe a injini;
• onetsetsani kuthamanga ndi kulunjika kwa galimotoyo;
• mosamala kuswa kugwirizana pakati pa injini ndi mawilo.

Mitundu yotumizira

Chowonadi ndichakuti pali mitundu ingapo yama bokosi amagetsi omwe magalimoto amakhala nawo, ndipo chimango cha nkhani imodzi ndizovuta kulingalira mwatsatanetsatane mawonekedwe a aliyense wa iwo. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu ingapo yama bokosi amiyala omwe amapezeka mgalimoto zamakono.

CVT

Kutumiza kwamtunduwu kumatchedwanso kufalikira kosalekeza kapena CVT. Kutumiza kwa CVT ndikosiyanasiyana kwa kufalitsa kwadzidzidzi, ndipo chomwe chimasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina yonse ndikufulumizitsa.

Ubwino wa CVT:

• kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu zama injini chifukwa cha kusintha kwakukulu kwa chassis ndi liwiro la crankshaft;
• mulingo woyenera mafuta mafuta zimatheka;
• kupititsa patsogolo kwa makokedwe kumachitika;
• mlingo wabwino wa chitonthozo mukamayendetsa.

Zoyipa zamtundu uwu wama gearbox ndi izi:

• zoletsa kuchuluka kwa makokedwe opatsirana;
• kukhathamira kwamatekinoloje kwamapangidwe;
• ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri kusamalira.

Pakadali pano, ma gearbox a CVT amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'magalimoto amtundu wa Nissan, Subaru, Honda, Fiat, Opel, Chrysler, Mini, Mitsubishi. Posachedwa, pakhala pali chizolowezi chowonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mabokosi opangira ma variator.

Kodi kufalitsa kwa CVT kumagwira ntchito bwanji?

Tiyeni tiwunikire pang'ono momwe magwiridwe antchito amasinthira, chifukwa, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina yamagetsi yomwe imatumiza makokedwe pogwiritsa ntchito magiya, mwa mitundu ya makokedwewa imafalikira kudzera pachitsulo chosinthika cha V-lamba kapena tcheni.

V-belt variator imakhala ndi imodzi kapena, nthawi zambiri, malamba awiri oyendetsa. Kutumiza kumaphatikizanso ma washer ena awiri ndi ma disc awiri oyang'anizana.

Kuthamanga kwa hayidiroliki, mphamvu ya centrifugal ndi mphamvu ya kasupe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobweretsa ma cones pafupi ndikuwasiyanitsa. Ma disc a tapered ali ndi madigiri 20 kuti athandize lamba kuyenda pamwamba pa washer osakanikirana pang'ono.

Makina amtunduwu amachokera pakusintha kosasintha kwamitundu yayikulu ya lamba kutengera momwe makina akugwirira ntchito. Kukula kwa washer kumasinthidwa pogwiritsa ntchito drive yapadera. Poyambitsa galimoto, pulley ya variator imakhala ndi gawo laling'ono kwambiri (ma disc a tapered ali kutali kwambiri momwe zingathere).

Kuthamanga ukukulirakulira, lamba amasunthira kukulira kwakukulu koyendetsa. Mwanjira imeneyi, kufalikira kwa CVT kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kuthamanga kwa injini nthawi yomweyo ndikupereka mphamvu yayikulu ndikupereka mphamvu pagalimoto.

Mwanjira ina, chosinthira cha V-chain chimakwaniritsa bwino kwambiri ndikuchepetsa mphamvu pakasinthasintha. M'magiya opangira ma variator, njira yamagetsi yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa chake kusintha kosakanikirana kwa ma washer kumachitika molingana ndi momwe injini imagwirira ntchito.

CVT imayang'aniridwa ndi chosankhira magiya ndipo njira zowongolera ndizofanana ndi zomwe zimafalitsa, kusiyana ndikuti kusiyanasiyana kuli ndi kusankha kosankhidwa kwamagiya. Ntchitoyi imathetsadi vuto lamaganizidwe a oyendetsa omwe zimawavuta kuti azolowere kuthamanga kwa injini nthawi zonse akamayendetsa. Ntchitoyi ili ndi mayina osiyanasiyana kutengera wopanga (Sportronic for Mitsubishi, Autostick ya Chrysler, etc.)

Makulidwe motsatizana (motsatizana)

Mpaka posachedwa, ma gearbox oyenda motsatana kapena motsatizana adagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa njinga zamoto ndi magalimoto othamanga, koma mzaka zaposachedwa adayikidwanso pagalimoto zodula.

Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pama gearbox ochiritsira ndi ofanana ndikuti muma gearbox oyenera mutha kusankha magiya aliwonse, okhala ndi ma gearbox otsatizana mutha kusankha ndikusunthira magiya oyandikira (apamwamba kapena otsika kuposa omwe kale anali).

Ngakhale amafanana pamapangidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito ku zotulutsa zamagetsi, motsatana alibe cholembera. Mwanjira ina, zowalamulira sizoyendetsedwa ndi dalaivala, koma ndi zida zamagetsi, zomwe zimalandira chizindikiro kuchokera ku masensa. Amagwiritsa ntchito zida zofunikira ndi kukakamiza koyenera kwa cholembera.

Zotsatira:

• perekani kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kosavuta kusuntha pakati pa magiya - chifukwa cha zida zamagetsi, nthawi yosinthira zida imachepetsedwa (mpaka 150 milliseconds);
• posintha magiya, liwiro silimatayika;
• mafuta mafuta;
• Kusankha kosunthira pamanja kapena zodziwikiratu (zomwe zimatchedwa "masewera owonera").

Wotsatsa:

• kusakhazikika pansi pa katundu wambiri komanso kuvala mwachangu - zinthu zamtundu uwu wa gearbox ndizosakhwima komanso zomveka, zomwe zimatsogolera kuvala mwachangu;
• ngati simukudziwa momwe mungagwiritsire bwino bokosilo, kuthekera kwakeko ndikokwera kwambiri, chifukwa chake kuthekera kwa zovuta zomwe zikuchitika kulinso kwakukulu;
• Kutumiza kumatha kukhala kovuta pang'ono komanso kosalala kwambiri mukamayendetsa mumzinda komanso kuthamanga kwambiri;
• mtengo wokonza - Ma gearbox otsatizana ndi makina omwe ali ndi mapangidwe ovuta, omwe amawonjezera mtengo wawo wokonza.

Makinawa kufala

Oyendetsa magalimoto ambiri amadziwa kufala kwachidziwikire. Tiyeni tiwone mwachidule kuti ndi chiyani. Pakufalitsa pamanja, posintha zida, muyenera kupondereza zowalamulira ndikusunthira lever pamalo oyenera. Pogwiritsa ntchito zodziwikiratu, simuyenera kuchita pafupifupi chilichonse, chifukwa zimayendetsedwa kwathunthu (kudzera pamagetsi oyang'anira).

Zotsatira:

• kusuntha kosalala komanso kosavuta kwamagalimoto kuti muthamangitsidwe modabwitsa;
• zowalamulira safuna m'malo zina;
• galimoto imatha kusintha mosavuta momwe mukuyendetsera;
• kuyendetsa bwino ntchito, komwe kumalola ngakhale madalaivala osadziwa kudziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito zotumiza zodziwikiratu;
• Amapereka yankho mwachangu pakusintha kwa zida.

Wotsatsa:

• chipangizo chovuta;
• mtengo wapamwamba poyerekeza ndi kufalitsa kwamanja;
• kukonzanso kwakukulu;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kwambiri komanso kutsika pang'ono poyerekeza ndi kufalitsa kwamankhwala.

Bokosi lamagalimoto la DSG

Bokosi lamagalimoto la DSG, lotchedwanso kufalikira kwa clutch, ndizosiyana ndi kufalitsa kwadzidzidzi ndipo ndi amodzi mwamabokosi ama gearbox omwe akukhala ndi chidwi chowonjezeka.

Kodi chofunikira ndi chiyani pakufalitsa kotere? Makinawa amagwiritsira ntchito zida ziwiri pakusintha kwamagiya othamanga kwambiri, ndikupanga kusintha kosazindikira mukamasuntha magiya. Kuphatikiza apo, kufala kwamtunduwu nthawi zambiri kumatsagana ndi chiwongolero chowonjezera pagudumu lamagalimoto chomwe chimalola kusintha kwamagalimoto ngati dalaivala asankha (paddle shifters).

Kodi DSG imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Monga tanenera, mtundu wamagiya wamagalimoto uli ndi zotchinga ziwiri. Clutch imodzi ikakhala ndi zida zapano, zowalamulira zinazo zimakonzekera zida zotsatirazi, ndikuchepetsa nthawi yosinthira. Magalimoto awiri ophatikirana alibe cholumikizira chifukwa imathandizira ndikuzimitsa zokha.

Magiya ambiri a DSG amagwiritsa ntchito chosankha chodziwikiratu kuti asinthe njira zoyendetsera. Mu Drive kapena Sport mode, kufala kwapawiri-clutch kumagwira ntchito ngati njira yodziwikiratu. Mu "D" mode, kufalikira kumakwera koyambirira kuti muchepetse phokoso la injini ndikukulitsa chuma chamafuta, pomwe mu "S" mode, kutsika kumagwira kwanthawi yayitali kuti injiniyo ikhalebe ndi mphamvu.

DSG imapezeka m'mitundu iwiri - DSG 6 ndi DSG 7. Mtundu woyamba ndi bokosi la gearbox sikisi. Idatulutsidwa ndi Volkswagen mu 2003, ndipo chodabwitsa chake ndikuti clutch yapawiri ndi yonyowa (ndiko kuti, magiya ake amamizidwa pang'ono mumtsuko wamafuta).

Choyipa chachikulu cha DSG 6 ndikuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mphamvu chifukwa chakuti imayenda mumafuta. Ndicho chifukwa chake mu 2008 Volkswagen anayambitsa mtundu wake watsopano, DSG 7 (seven-speed dual-clutch transmission), yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito clutch youma.

Malangizo! Ngati muli ndi kusankha pakati pa zosankha ziwiri (DSG 6 ndi DSG 7), sankhani yoyamba - ndizokhazikika.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa DSG:

Ubwino wofunikira kwambiri pakufalitsa kwapawiri-zakuthwa ndikuti uli ndi mawonekedwe amachitidwe ophatikizira ndikuwaphatikiza ndi chitonthozo komanso mwayi wamagetsi wodziwikiratu.

Chosavuta chake ndikuchepetsa kufalikira. Popeza ili ndi magiya okhazikika, kufalitsa sikumatha kukhala ndi liwiro labwino kwambiri la injini. Kuphatikiza apo, ma DSG sangakupatseni mafuta ochepa. Pazovuta zake, titha kuwonjezera mtengo wokwera kwambiri komanso ntchito yodula.

Zosangalatsa

Tiptronic ndi bokosi lomwe limagwira ntchito pamakina, kusiyana kwake ndikuti palibe clutch pedal. M'malo mwake, kufalitsa koyendetsedwa kumakhala ndi makina oyendetsedwa ndi makompyuta omwe amachotsa ndikuyika ma clutch pamene masinthidwe akufunika kupangidwa.

Izi zimalola makompyuta kuwongolera kusintha kwamagalimoto popanda kutaya kumverera koyendetsa galimoto yotumiza. Zina mwazabwino zama bokosi amtunduwu:

• kusinthasintha kosalala;
• mtengo wololera.

Zina mwazovuta, zitha kudziwika kuti mumafunikira nthawi kuti muzolowere kugwira ntchito ndi tiptronic.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Ndi ma gearbox angati? Pali mitundu iwiri ya gearbox yonse: automatic kapena manual. Ponena za zimango, zitha kusiyanasiyana mwatsatanetsatane. Mabokosi odzipangira okha amatha kukhala osiyana kwambiri.

Ndi mitundu yanji ya ma transmission omwe alipo? Kutumiza kwadzidzidzi kumaphatikizapo: zodziwikiratu (zosinthira torque - zachikale zodziwikiratu), chosinthira (kutumiza kosalekeza) ndi loboti (analogue yodziwikiratu yamakina).

Kodi gearbox yabwino ndi iti? Zimatengera magwiridwe antchito omwe dalaivala akufuna. Kuti muzitha kuyendetsa galimoto - zimango. Kwa okonda chitonthozo - imodzi mwazosankha zokha. Koma kuyendetsa masewera ndikothandiza kwambiri pamakanika.