kuwira kwa brake fluid
Tanthauzo logwiritsidwa ntchito
Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito kachitidwe kamakono ka brake imachokera pa kutumiza mphamvu kuchokera ku pedal kupita ku ma brake pads kudzera mu ma hydraulics. Nthawi ya mabuleki wamba m'magalimoto onyamula anthu yapita kale. Masiku ano, mpweya kapena madzi amakhala ngati chonyamulira mphamvu. M'magalimoto onyamula anthu, pafupifupi 100% ya milandu, mabuleki amakhala ndi ma hydraulic.
Ma Hydraulics monga chonyamulira mphamvu amaika zoletsa zina pazakuthupi zamadzimadzi a brake.
Choyamba, madzimadzi a brake ayenera kukhala ankhanza kwambiri pazinthu zina zadongosolo komanso osayambitsa kulephera mwadzidzidzi pazifukwa izi. Kachiwiri, madziwa ayenera kulekerera kutentha kwambiri ndi kutsika bwino. Ndipo chachitatu, chiyenera kukhala chosasunthika.
Kuphatikiza pa zofunikirazi, pali ena ambiri omwe akufotokozedwa mu FMVSS No. 116 muyezo wa US Department of Transportation. Koma tsopano tiyang'ana pa chinthu chimodzi chokha: incompressibility.
The madzimadzi mu dongosolo brake nthawi zonse poyera kutentha. Izi zimachitika pamene kutentha kumasamutsidwa kuchokera ku ziwiya zotentha ndi ma disks kudzera m'zigawo zachitsulo za galimotoyo, komanso kuchokera ku kukangana kwamadzimadzi mkati pamene akudutsa mu dongosolo lokhala ndi kuthamanga kwakukulu. Pamene malo ena otentha amafika, madzi amawira. Pulagi yamagetsi imapangidwa, yomwe, monga mpweya uliwonse, imakanizidwa mosavuta.
Chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri pakuphwanyidwa kwamadzimadzi kumaphwanyidwa: kumakhala compressible. Mabuleki amalephera, monga kusamutsidwa momveka bwino komanso kokwanira kwa mphamvu kuchokera pa pedal kupita ku mapepala kumakhala kosatheka. Kukanikiza chopondapo kumangokakamiza pulagi ya gasi. Pafupifupi palibe mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mapepala. Chifukwa chake, gawo lotere monga kuwira kwamadzimadzi a brake amapatsidwa chidwi chapadera.
Kuwira mfundo zosiyanasiyana mabuleki madzimadzi
Masiku ano, magalimoto onyamula anthu amagwiritsa ntchito magulu anayi amadzimadzi amchere: DOT-3, DOT-4, DOT-5.1 ndi DOT-5. Zitatu zoyamba zimakhala ndi glycol kapena polyglycol maziko ndi kuwonjezera pang'ono peresenti ya zigawo zina zomwe zimawonjezera ntchito yamadzimadzi. Brake fluid DOT-5 imapangidwa pamaziko a silikoni. Kuwira kwa zakumwa izi mumpangidwe wake wangwiro kuchokera kwa wopanga aliyense sikotsika poyerekeza ndi zomwe zasonyezedwa muyeso:
- DOT-3 - osachepera 205 ° C;
- DOT-4 - osachepera 230 ° C;
- DOT-5.1 - osachepera 260 ° C;
- DOT-5 - osachepera 260 ° C;
Glycols ndi polyglycols ali ndi chinthu chimodzi: zinthu izi ndi hygroscopic. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amatha kudziunjikira chinyezi kuchokera mumlengalenga mu kuchuluka kwawo. Komanso, madzi amasakanikirana bwino ndi glycol-based brake fluids ndipo samathamanga. Izi zimachepetsa kuwira kwambiri. Chinyezi chimakhudzanso kwambiri kuzizira kwa mabuleki.
Zotsatirazi ndizomwe zimawira pazakumwa zonyowa (zokhala ndi madzi 3,5% ya voliyumu yonse):
- DOT-3 - osachepera 140 ° C;
- DOT-4 - osachepera 155 ° C;
- DOT-5.1 - osachepera 180 ° C.
Payokha, mutha kuwunikira gulu la silikoni madzimadzi DOT-5. Ngakhale kuti chinyontho sichimasungunuka bwino mu voliyumu yake ndipo chimayenda pakapita nthawi, madzi amachepetsanso kuwira. Muyezo umatsimikizira kuwira kwa 3,5% wonyowa DOT-5 madzi pamlingo wosatsika 180 ° C. Monga lamulo, mtengo weniweni wamadzimadzi a silicone ndi apamwamba kwambiri kuposa muyezo. Ndipo kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ku DOT-5 ndikocheperako.
Moyo wautumiki wa zakumwa za glycol musanayambe kudzikundikira kwa chinyezi chovuta komanso kuchepa kosavomerezeka kwa malo otentha kumachokera zaka 2 mpaka 3, kwa zakumwa za silicone - pafupifupi zaka 5.
