Kodi ndikofunikira kutenthetsa injini m'nyengo yozizira
Mutu wamuyaya wakufunika kotenthetsa injini m'nyengo yozizira. Pali malingaliro ambiri pankhaniyi kuposa nyenyezi zakumwamba zokha. Zowona, mutuwu umakonda kukambidwa ndi anthu kutali ndi chitukuko ndi kusintha kwa injini zamagalimoto. Koma kodi munthu amene amapanga ndikukonza makina othamanga ku kampani yaku America ya ECR Engines amaganiza chiyani? Dzina lake ndi Dr. Andy Randolph ndipo amapanga ma injini a NASCAR.
Injiniya akuwona kuti injini yozizira imakhala ndi zinthu ziwiri. Choyamba, pamazizira otsika kwambiri, kukhuthala kwa mafuta kwamafuta kumakulanso. Opanga mafuta amathetsa vutoli pang'ono pang'ono, mwa kusakaniza zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe: imodzi yokhala ndi index yotsika ya viscosity, ndipo inayo yokhala ndi index ya viscosity yambiri. Chifukwa chake, pamapezeka mafuta omwe sataya katundu wake kutentha kapena kutentha kwambiri. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti kukhuthala kwa mafuta sikukulira ndikuchepa kwa kutentha.
M'nyengo yozizira, mafuta omwe ali mumtundu wamafuta amakula, ndipo kuyenda kwake pamizere yamafuta kumakhala kovuta. Makamaka ngati injini ili ndi mtunda wokwera. Izi zimapangitsa kuti magawo ena osunthika asakwaniritse mpaka injini ndi mafutawo atenthe. Kuphatikiza apo, pampu yamafuta imatha kulowa mumayendedwe a cavitation ikayamba kuyamwa mpweya (izi zimachitika pamene kupopera mafuta kuchokera pampopu kumakhala kochulukirapo kuposa mphamvu yokoka).
Vuto lachiwiri, malinga ndi Dr. Randolph, ndi aluminiyumu yomwe injini zamakono zambiri zimapangidwa. Kukula kwamphamvu kwa aluminiyamu ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa chitsulo chonyezimira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti akatenthedwa ndi kuzizira, aluminiyumu amakula ndikuchita zambiri kuposa chitsulo chosungunuka. Vuto lalikulu pankhaniyi ndikuti chipika cha injini chimapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu ndipo crankshaft ndi yachitsulo. Zimachitika kuti m'nyengo yozizira chipikacho chimakakamiza kwambiri kuposa crankshaft, ndipo shaft yonyamula imakhala yolimba kuposa momwe iyenera kukhalira. Kunena zowona, "compress" ya injini yonse ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa chilolezo kumabweretsa kukangana kwakukulu kwa magawo osuntha a injini motsutsana ndi mnzake. Mkhalidwewu umakulitsidwa ndi mafuta a viscous, omwe sangathe kupereka mafuta okwanira.
Dr Randolph amalangiza kuti ayambitse injini mphindi zochepa asanayambe. Koma ichi ndi lingaliro chabe. Koma injini imatha bwanji ngati woyendetsa wamba amayendetsa galimoto nthawi iliyonse yozizira tsiku lililonse akangoyiyambitsa? Nanga bwanji malingaliro a akatswiri odziwika omwe amati kutentha kwa injini yayitali kumangowavulaza?
Ndipotu, palibe chifukwa choyimirira kwa mphindi 10-15, mafuta amatenga mphindi 3-5 kuti afikire kutentha kwa ntchito, malingana ndi mtundu wa mafutawo. Ngati kunja kulibe madigiri 20, muyenera kudikirira mphindi 5 - mafuta ochulukirapo amafunikira kutentha mpaka madigiri 20, omwe ndi okwanira kudzoza injini.
