Mtengo wagalimoto yamagetsi
Zamkatimu
Kodi galimoto yamagetsi imawononga ndalama zingati? Kodi magalimoto amagetsi ndi otchipa kuti? Ndi liti pamene magalimoto amagetsi amakwera mtengo? M'nkhaniyi: Zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza mtengo wa galimoto yamagetsi.
mtengo
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi nkhani zoyipa: magalimoto amagetsi ndi okwera mtengo. Tsopano pali zitsanzo zosiyanasiyana m'magulu otsika pamsika, koma akadali okwera mtengo. Mtengo wogula woterewu umakhala makamaka chifukwa cha batri, yomwe ili ndi zipangizo zamtengo wapatali.
Ndi mtengo wogula pafupifupi 24.000 € 17.000 pamtundu wokhazikika, Volkswagen e-Up ndi imodzi mwamagalimoto otsika mtengo amagetsi pamsika. Komabe, poyerekeza ndi magalimoto a petrol, akadali okwera mtengo. Mutha kuyimba wamba pafupifupi € XNUMX XNUMX. Ngakhale mtundu wapamwamba wa Up GTI ndi wotsika mtengo kuposa e-Up.
Komabe, magalimoto amagetsi sali kutali. Palinso zosankha zosiyanasiyana kwa iwo omwe amapeza kuti galimoto ya A-gawo ndi yopapatiza kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, Opel ndi Peugeot onse ali ndi mitundu yamagetsi ya Corsa ndi 208. Magalimotowa amawononga pafupifupi 30.000 euros. Pandalama izi, mulinso ndi MG ZS. Ndi SUV yaying'ono yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe amfupi kuposa ma hatchbacks omwe tawatchulawa, koma ndi otakasuka.
Magalimoto atsopano a B-segment ali ndi maulendo opitilira 300 km (WLTP). Imodzi mwamagalimoto otsika mtengo kwambiri okhala ndi makilomita oposa 480 ndi Hyundai Kona Electric, yomwe ili ndi mtengo woyambira pafupifupi 41.600 mayuro. Tesla pakadali pano ali ndi magalimoto otalika kwambiri. Chitsanzo cha 3 Long Range chili ndi makilomita 580 ndipo chimawononga ndalama zosakwana 60.000 660 euro. M'malo mwake, Model S Long Range ili ndi mitundu yopitilira 90.000 mailosi. Mtengo wake ndi pafupifupi XNUMX XNUMX euros.
zitsanzo
Gome ili m'munsiyi likuwonetsa zitsanzo za magalimoto amagetsi osiyanasiyana ndi ofanana nawo mafuta. Magalimoto amagetsi ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri nthawi zonse
| Volkswagen Up 1.0 | Volkswagen ndi Up |
| € 16.640 | pafupifupi € 24.000 |
| Opel Corsa 1.2 130 hp | Opel Corsa-e 7,4 kW |
| € 26.749 | € 30.599 |
| Hyundai Kona | Hyundai Kona Zamagetsi 39 |
| € 25.835 | € 36.795 |
| BMW 330i xDrive | Tesla Model 3 yokhala ndi magudumu onse |
| € 55.814 | € 56.980 |
Poyerekeza, mtundu womwe uli pafupi kwambiri malinga ndi mawonekedwe adasankhidwa. Ngati mufananiza mtundu wamagetsi ndi mtundu wolowera, kusiyana kumakhala kwakukulu. Komabe, kumeneko sikungakhale kuyerekezera koyenera.
kubwereketsa batire
Renault ikutenga njira yosiyana pang'ono ndi opanga ena a EV. Batire ikhoza kubwerekedwa mosiyana ndi magalimoto awo amagetsi. Ku ZOE, batire imatha kubwereka kuchokera ku 74 mpaka 124 euros pamwezi. Kuchuluka kumatengera kuchuluka kwa makilomita.
Chifukwa chake, batire silikuphatikizidwa pamtengo wogula. Kaya idzakhala yotchipa zimatengera nthawi yomwe mwakhala nayo galimotoyo komanso ma kilomita angati omwe mwayenda. Business Insider yawerengera kuti kubwereka batire kumakhala kokwera mtengo kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri pakatha zaka zisanu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono pakatha zaka zisanu ndi zitatu (13.000 km / chaka). Renault ZOE imatha kugulidwanso ndi batri.
Kwa lendi
Pakubwereketsa bizinesi, galimoto yamagetsi imakhala yotsika mtengo chifukwa cha mfundo zamtengo wowonjezera. Iyi ndi nkhani yosiyana ndi nkhani yobwereketsa galimoto yamagetsi.
mtengo wamagetsi
Tsopano za uthenga wabwino. Pankhani ya ndalama zosinthika, EV ndi yopindulitsa. Zotsika mtengo zimatengera komwe mumalipira. Kunyumba, mumangolipira magetsi okhazikika. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala mozungulira € 0,22 pa kWh. Kotero iyi ndi njira yotsika mtengo. Mitengo imatha kusiyana potengera anthu onse, koma nthawi zambiri mumalipira € 0,36 pa kWh.
kuthamangitsa mwachangu
Kulipira mwachangu kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zokwera mtengo kwambiri. Mitengo imachokera ku € 0,59 pa kWh pa Faststed kufika € 0,79 pa kWh pa Ionity. Madalaivala a Tesla amatha kulipira mwachangu pamtengo wotsika mtengo kwambiri: ndi Tesla Supercharger, mtengo wake ndi € 0,22 okha pa kWh. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, eni eni a Model S kapena Model X amatha kulipira mwachangu kwaulere.
kumwa
Galimoto yamagetsi, mwakutanthawuza, ndiyothandiza kwambiri kuposa galimoto yokhala ndi injini yoyaka mkati. Mwachiwonekere, magalimoto ena amagetsi ndi okwera mtengo kuposa ena. Volkswagen e-Up imagwiritsa ntchito 12,5 kWh pa 100 km ndipo Audi e-Tron imawononga 22,4 kWh. Pafupifupi, galimoto yamagetsi imadya pafupifupi 15,5 kWh pa 100 kilomita.
Mtengo wamagetsi vs. mtengo wa petulo
Ndi kulipiritsa kunyumba kokha pamtengo wa € 0,22 pa kWh, kugwiritsa ntchito uku kumakhala pafupifupi € 0,03 pa kilomita. Ndi galimoto ya petulo yokhala ndi 1 pa 15, mumalipira € 0,11 pa kilomita pa € 1,65 pa lita. Choncho zimapanga kusiyana kwakukulu.
Kulipiritsa nthawi zonse kuchokera panjinga yanu yolipirira ndikokwabwino kwambiri, koma osati zochitika zenizeni. Kulipiritsa pokha potengera anthu onse kudzakutengerani ma euro 0,06 pa kilomita imodzi. Ndiwotsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa galimoto yamafuta ambiri. Mtengo wa kilomita umangofanana ndi mtengo wagalimoto yamagetsi pafupi ndi galimoto yamagetsi ngati nthawi zonse mumalipira mwachangu. M'malo mwake, zikhala zambiri kuphatikiza kulipiritsa kunyumba, kulipiritsa pamalo opangira anthu ambiri, komanso kulipiritsa mwachangu.
Nkhani yokhudzana ndi mtengo woyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi imafotokoza za mtengo wake komanso mtengo wamagetsi pa kilomita imodzi.
ntchito
Pankhani yokonza, galimoto yamagetsi siili yoipa ngakhale. Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi imakhala yochepa kwambiri komanso imakhala yosavuta kuvala ndi kung'ambika kusiyana ndi injini yoyaka mkati ndi zigawo zake zonse. Kotero simuyenera kudandaula za zinthu monga malamba a nthawi, zosefera mafuta, ma clutch disc, ma spark plugs, makina otulutsa mpweya, ndi zina zotero.
mikwingwirima
Choyipa chake ndikuti matayala agalimoto amagetsi satha kukhala ochepa. Chifukwa cha torque ndi mphamvu zomwe magalimoto amagetsi amakhala nazo nthawi zambiri, matayala amakhala olemera. Kuwonjezera apo, magalimoto amagetsi ndi olemera kwambiri. Kusiyana kwake ndikuti opanga ena amagwiritsa ntchito matayala olimba a Eco. Zachidziwikire, kupangitsa kukhala kosavuta kugwira ntchito ndi mathamangitsidwe kumathandiza.
Mabuleki
Mabuleki pagalimoto yamagetsi sakhala olemera kwambiri, ngakhale amalemera kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti mugalimoto yamagetsi nthawi zambiri imatha kutsika pang'onopang'ono pamagetsi amagetsi. Pamene accelerator pedal imatulutsidwa, galimotoyo imaphulika chifukwa galimoto yamagetsi imagwira ntchito ngati dynamo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti magetsi aziyenda bwino. Phindu linanso ndikusunga mabuleki.
Komabe, mabuleki akadali otha kutha. Akadali dzimbiri. Mabuleki pamagalimoto amagetsi amafunikanso kusinthidwa pakapita nthawi, koma chifukwa chachikulu ndi dzimbiri.
Zamadzimadzi
Pakukonza, zimafunikanso kuti pamakhala madzi ochepa kwambiri m'galimoto yamagetsi yomwe iyenera kusinthidwa. Magalimoto ambiri amagetsi amangokhala ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi, brake fluid, ndi windshield washer fluid.
Batiri
Batire ndi gawo lofunika komanso lokwera mtengo lagalimoto yamagetsi. Chifukwa chake, kusintha kwa batire ndikokwera mtengo. Sikuti mabatire adzalephera nthawi ina, koma kuti mphamvu idzachepa. Komabe, izi zikuwoneka kuti zili choncho lero. Pambuyo 250.000 Km, mabatire ndi avareji 92% ya mphamvu yawo yoyambirira.
Ngati mphamvu ya batire yatsikadi, ikhoza kusinthidwa pansi pa chitsimikizo. Batire imabwera ndi chitsimikizo chazaka zisanu ndi zitatu ndi makilomita 160.000. Opanga ena amapereka zitsimikizo zowonjezereka. Nthawi zambiri ndinu oyenera kutsimikiziridwa ngati mphamvu yatsikira pansi pa 70%. Komabe, mutha kudalira mphamvu ya batri yabwino ngakhale pambuyo pa 160.000 km. Batire siligwira nawo ntchito yokonza galimoto yamagetsi, makamaka m'zaka zingapo zoyambirira.
msonkho wapamsewu
Titha kuyankhula mwachidule za msonkho wagalimoto wamoto kapena msonkho wapamsewu: pakali pano ndi zero ma euro pamagalimoto amagetsi. Izinso zimapulumutsa pamtengo wokhazikika wagalimoto yamagetsi. Izi ndizovomerezeka mulimonse mpaka 2024. Malinga ndi mapulani apano, monga woyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi, mumalipira kotala la msonkho wapamsewu mu 2025 ndi ndalama zonse kuyambira 2026. Zambiri pa izi m'nkhani ya magalimoto amagetsi ndi msonkho wa pamsewu.
Kusandulika
Nkhani yokhudzana ndi mtengo wa galimoto yamagetsi iyeneranso kuphatikizapo kuchepa kwa mtengo. M'zaka zingapo, tidzapeza kuti mtengo weniweni wotsalira wa magalimoto amakono amagetsi adzakhala chiyani. Komabe, ziyembekezo ndi zabwino. Kutengera kafukufuku, ING imaneneratu kuti C-segment EVs idzakhalabe ndi 40% mpaka 47,5% yamtengo wapatali pazaka zisanu. Izi ndizokwera kuposa zamagalimoto amafuta (35-42%) ndipo ndizapamwamba kwambiri kuposa magalimoto adizilo (27,5-35%) ochokera kugawo lomwelo.
Chiyembekezo chabwino chotsalira ichi ndi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamitundu. Ndizowona kuti padzakhala magalimoto ochuluka kwambiri m'zaka zisanu, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti sipadzakhalanso kufunikira kwa magalimoto amakono amagetsi. Malinga ndi ING, pofika chaka cha 2025, gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi amsika adzalingalira zamagalimoto amagetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito.
Inshuwalansi
Inshuwaransi yagalimoto yamagetsi nthawi zambiri imakhala yapamwamba kuposa inshuwaransi yamagalimoto wamba. Kukula kwa kusiyana kumeneku kungakhale kosiyana kwambiri. Ndi inshuwaransi yowopsa zonse, inshuwaransi yagalimoto yamagetsi nthawi zina imatha kuwononga pafupifupi kawiri. Izi ndi zina chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwamtengo wogula. Pakawonongeka, kukonza kumakhalanso kokwera mtengo, kotero kuti kumagwiranso ntchito. Ngati mukubwereka batire lapadera, muyeneranso kutenga inshuwaransi yosiyana. Ku Renault, izi ndizotheka kuchokera ku 9,35 euros pamwezi.
Ziwerengero zowerengera
M’ndime za m’mwambazi, tinalankhula mwachisawawa. Funso lalikulu ndilakuti galimoto yamagetsi imawononga ndalama zingati komanso ndalama zake poyerekeza ndi magalimoto wamba. Ichi ndichifukwa chake timawerengera mtengo wonse kapena mtengo wonse wa umwini wa magalimoto atatu apadera. Kenako tinaimika galimoto yofanana ndi ya petulo pafupi nayo.
Chitsanzo 1: Volkswagen e-Up vs. Volkswagen Up
Mtengo wogula wa Volkswagen e-Up ndi pafupifupi EUR 24.000. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala imodzi mwamagalimoto otsika mtengo amagetsi kuzungulira. Komabe, mtengo wogula ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa Up 1.0. Zimawononga ma euro 16.640 83. Uku sikufananitsa koyenera, chifukwa e-Up ili ndi 60 hp. m'malo mwa XNUMX hp ndi zina zambiri. Komabe, izi sizisintha mfundo yakuti e-Up ikadali yokwera mtengo.
E-Up imagwiritsa ntchito 12,7 kWh pa 100 km. Ndalama zake zimatengera njira yolipirira. Muchitsanzo chowerengetserachi, timaganiza zophatikiza 75% kulipiritsa kunyumba pa € 0,22 pa kWh, 15% kulipiritsa pamalo opangira anthu onse pa € 0,36 pa kWh ndi 10% kulipiritsa pa charger yothamanga pa € 0,59 pa kWh.
Ndi nthawi zonse Up 1.0, ndalama zokonzera zidzakhala pafupifupi 530 € pachaka. Ndi e-Up, mutha kudalira ndalama zochepetsera kukonza: pafupifupi ma euro 400 pachaka. Mtengo wa msonkho wamsewu ndiwokwerabe. Kwa e-Up, simulipira msonkho wapamsewu, koma kwa Up, yomwe ndi 1.0 euros pachaka (m'chigawo chapakati).
Mtengo wa inshuwaransi ndiwokwera kwambiri. Inshuwaransi yonse yowopsa ya e-Up ndiyokwera mtengo kwambiri. Allianz Direct ndi m'modzi mwaotsika mtengo kwambiri ndipo mumalipirabe ma euro 660 pachaka (kutengera 10.000 km pachaka, zaka 35 ndi zaka 5 popanda zonena). Pa Up wokhazikika, mumalipira € 365 pachaka ndi inshuwaransi yomweyo.
Tikatsika mtengo, timaganiza kuti mtengo wotsalira Up 1.0 udzakhalabe pafupi € 5 m'zaka 8.000. Malinga ndi ziyembekezo zamakono, e-Up idzasunga mtengo wake bwinoko pang'ono, ndi mtengo wotsalira wa € 13.000 m'zaka zisanu.
Ndalama zonse za umwini
Tikayika zonse zomwe zili pamwambapa powerengera, izi zimapereka ndalama izi:
| VW E-Up | VW Up 1.0 | |
| mtengo | € 24.000 | €16.640 |
| mtengo wamagetsi/ fupa la petrol (100 km) | €3,53 | €7,26 |
| mtengo wamagetsi/ mtengo wamafuta (pachaka) | €353 | €726 |
| Kusamalira (pachaka) | €400 | €530 |
| Mrb (pachaka) | €0 | €324 |
| Inshuwaransi (pachaka) | €660 | €365 |
| Kutsika (pachaka) | €2.168 | €1.554 |
| TCO (pambuyo pa zaka 5) | €17.905 | €17.495 |
Ngati mumayendetsa 10.000 17.905 km pachaka ndipo mwakhala ndi galimoto kwa zaka zisanu, mudzalipira 17.495 € pa e-Up. Mafuta otsika mtengo kwambiri Up amawononga XNUMX XNUMX euros nthawi yomweyo. Kumene kusiyana kwa mtengo wogula kwakhala kwakukulu, kusiyana kwa ndalama zonse kumakhalabe kochepa kwambiri. E-Up ikadali yokwera mtengo pang'ono, koma ili ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso zina zambiri.
N’zoona kuti pali misampha yambiri imene ingasiyane pa moyo wanu. Ngati, mwachitsanzo, mumayendetsa makilomita ochulukirapo pachaka ndikulipiritsa nyumba zanu pang'ono, ndiye kuti ndalamazo zidzakhala kale mokomera e-Up.
Chitsanzo 2: Peugeot e-208 vs. Peugeot 208 1.2
e-208 208
Tiyeni tigwiritsenso ntchito mawerengedwe omwewo pagalimoto ya B-gawo. Mu gawo ili, mwachitsanzo, pali Peugeot e-208. Ndizofanana ndi 208 1.2 Puretech 130. Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, ili ndi 130 HP, pamene e-208 ili ndi 136 HP. Magetsi 208 amawononga ma euro 31.950, pomwe mtundu wa petulo umawononga 29.580 euros.
Zowona, malo angapo oyambira ayenera kusankhidwa kuti awerengere mtengo wonse wa umwini. Pankhaniyi, takhala tikuganiza kuti 15.000 Km pachaka ndi mtengo wotsalira wa 17.500 208 euro pa e-11.000 ndi 208 75 euro pa 15 wokhazikika. 10% pamalo othamangitsira anthu. ndi 35% amalipira pakulipira mwachangu. Kwa inshuwaransi, tidavomereza zaka 5 ndi zaka XNUMX popanda zonena.
Ndalama zonse za umwini
Poganizira zomwe zatchulidwazi, timapeza chithunzi chotsatira cha ndalama:
| Peugeot E-208 50 kWh 136 | Peugeot 208 1.2 Puretech 130 | |
| mtengo | €31.950 | €29.580 |
| mtengo wamagetsi/ fupa la petrol (100 km) | €3,89 | €7,10 |
| mtengo wamagetsi/ mtengo wamafuta (pachaka) | €583,50 | €1.064,25 |
| Kusamalira (pachaka) | €475 | €565 |
| Mrb (pachaka) | €0 | €516 |
| Inshuwaransi (pachaka) | €756 | €708 |
| Kutsika (pachaka) | €3.500 | €2.200 |
| TCO (pambuyo pa zaka 5) | €5.314,50 | €5.053,25 |
Pankhaniyi, magetsi 208 ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri. Kusiyanako kulinso kakang'ono. Zimadalira pazifukwa zaumwini, koma ubwino wina wa galimoto yamagetsi ukhoza kutsimikizira kusiyana kwake.
Chitsanzo 3: Tesla Model 3 Long Range vs. BMW 330i
Chitsanzo 3 3 Series
Kuti muwone momwe chithunzi chamitengo yotsika mtengo chikuwonekera, tikuphatikizanso Tesla Model 3 Long Range AWD. Izi zikufanana ndi BMW 330i xDrive. Tesla ndi mtengo wa € 56.980. The 330i ndiyotsika mtengo pang'ono, ndi mtengo wogula wa € 55.814 3. 75 Long Range ili ndi batire ya 351 kWh ndi 330 hp. 258i ili ndi injini yamizere inayi yokhala ndi XNUMX hp.
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi chitsanzo chapitachi. Pankhani ya mtengo wamagetsi, tikuganiza kuti nthawi ino tikulipiritsa 75% yanyumba pa € 0,22 pa kWh ndi 25% yolipiritsa ndi Tesla Supercharger pa € 0,25 pa kWh. Pa mtengo wotsalira wa Tesla, timaganiza pafupifupi € 28.000 15.000 m'zaka zisanu ndi 330 23.000 km pachaka. Mawonekedwe a XNUMXi ndiwocheperako, ndipo akuyembekezeka kutsalira ma euro XNUMX XNUMX.
Tesla ndizovuta pang'ono kutsimikizira. Chifukwa chake, ma inshuwaransi ali ndi zosankha zochepa. Kwa ogulitsa otsika mtengo kwambiri, Model 3 ndi inshuwaransi ya 112 euro pamwezi motsutsana ndi zoopsa zonse (kutengera 15.000 35 km pachaka, zaka 5 ndi 3 zaka popanda zodandaula). Inshuwaransi yofananira ikupezeka pamndandanda wa 61 kuchokera ku € XNUMX pamwezi.
Ndalama zonse za umwini
Ndi zosinthika pamwambapa, timapeza mtengo wotsatirawu:
| Mtundu wa Tesla 3 Mtengo waukulu wa AWD | BMW 330i xDrive | |
| mtengo | €56.980 | €55.814 |
| mtengo wamagetsi/ fupa la petrol (100 km) | €3,03 | €9,90 |
| mtengo wamagetsi/ mtengo wamafuta (pachaka) | €454,50 | €1.485,50 |
| Kusamalira (pachaka) | €600 | €750 |
| Mrb (pachaka) | €0 | €900 |
| Inshuwaransi (pachaka) | €112 | €61 |
| Kutsika (pachaka) | €6.196 | €6.775 |
| TCO (pambuyo pa zaka 5) | €36.812,50 | €49.857,50 |
Pambuyo pa zaka 5 ndi okwana 75.000 36.812,50 Km mudzataya 330 330 € pa Tesla. Komabe, muzochitika zomwezo, mudzataya pafupifupi theka la tani pa 3i. Ngakhale 15.000i inali yotsika mtengo kwambiri, Model XNUMX idzakhala yotsika mtengo pakapita nthawi. Mukayendetsa mtunda wopitilira XNUMX km pachaka, mtengo wake umawoneka wopindulitsa kwambiri.
Pomaliza
Pankhani ya ndalama, mtengo wogula ndiye chopinga chachikulu pankhani ya ma EV. Komabe, ngati chopingachi chitagonjetsedwa, pali mapindu ambiri azachuma. Chifukwa chake, simulipira msonkho wapamsewu ndipo ndalama zolipirira ndizotsika. Komabe, ubwino waukulu ndikuti magetsi ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa mafuta. Mtengo wotsalira wa magalimoto amagetsi omwe ulipo ukuyembekezeka kukhala wapamwamba kuposa magalimoto amafuta. Kupatula pa mtengo wogula, chotsalira chokha ndichokwera mtengo wa inshuwaransi.
Ngakhale zabwino izi, magalimoto magetsi si nthawizonse otsika mtengo pakapita nthawi. Pambuyo pa zaka zisanu, kusiyana kumakhala kochepa kwambiri. Mukaganizira zopindulitsa zomwe sizili zachuma, kusiyana kumeneku kumatha kulipira. Ichi ndi chosankha chaumwini. Palinso zochitika zambiri zomwe mtengo wonse wagalimoto yamagetsi ndi wotsika kwenikweni. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mumayendetsa makilomita 25.000 pachaka ndipo muli ndi gawo la C kapena galimoto yapamwamba, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotchipa kuti mugule galimoto yamagetsi.
