Thermostat yokhala ndi chiwonetsero cha LED
Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga kutentha kwina mu chipinda cholamulidwa. Mu yankho lomwe likuperekedwa, kutentha kwa kutentha kwa relay kumayikidwa paokha, chifukwa cha zomwe zotheka zimakhala zopanda malire. Thermostat imatha kugwira ntchito potentha komanso pozizira ndi mtundu uliwonse wa hysteresis. Kwa mapangidwe ake, kupyolera muzinthu ndi makina okonzeka opangidwa ndi kutentha kwa madzi adagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati mungafune, zonsezi zitha kulowa mu Z-107, zomwe zidapangidwa kuti zikhazikitsidwe pa basi yotchuka ya TH-35 "yamagetsi".
Chithunzi chojambula cha thermostat kuwonetsedwa mu mkuyu. 1. Dongosolo liyenera kuperekedwa ndi voteji yosalekeza pafupifupi 12 VDC, yolumikizidwa ndi cholumikizira X1. Itha kukhala gwero lililonse lamagetsi ndi katundu wapano wa 200 mA. Diode D1 imateteza dongosolo ku polarity mmbuyo wa magetsi olowera, ndipo ma capacitor C1 ... C5 amakhala ngati fyuluta ya mains. Mpweya wolowera kunja umagwiritsidwa ntchito ku regulator U1 mtundu 7805. Thermometer imayendetsedwa ndi U2 ATmega8 microcontroller, yotsekedwa ndi chizindikiro cha wotchi yamkati, ndi ntchito ya sensa ya kutentha imachitidwa ndi mtundu wa DS18B20.
Anagwiritsidwa ntchito poyankhulana ndi wogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a LED okhala ndi manambala atatu. Kuwongolera kumayendetsedwa mochulukira, ma anode otulutsa mawonetsedwe amayendetsedwa ndi ma transistors T1 ... T3, ndipo ma cathodes amawongoleredwa mwachindunji kuchokera kudoko la microcontroller kudzera pakuchepetsa resistors R4 ... R11.
Kulowetsa zoikamo ndi masinthidwe, chotenthetsera chimakhala ndi mabatani S1 ... S3. Relay idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yayikulu. Mukamayendetsa katundu wolemetsa, tcherani khutu ku katundu pa mauthenga opatsirana ndi ma PCB. Kuonjezera katundu wawo mphamvu, mukhoza malata njanji kapena kuyala ndi solder mkuwa waya kwa iwo.
imodzi ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa pa matabwa adera awiri osindikizidwa, chithunzi cha msonkhano chomwe chikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 2. Kusonkhana kwa dongosololi kumakhala kofanana ndipo sikuyenera kuyambitsa zovuta. Ikuchitika monga muyezo, kuyambira ndi soldering resistors ndi zinthu zina zazing'ono kakulidwe bolodi dalaivala, ndipo kutha ndi unsembe wa capacitors electrolytic, ndi voteji stabilizer, relays ndi wononga kugwirizana.
Timayika mabatani ndi mawonedwe pa bolodi. Pakadali pano, ndipo makamaka musanasonkhanitse mabatani ndikuwonetsa, ndikofunikira kusankha ngati mungatero Thermostat idzayikidwa mu nyumba Z107.
Ngati thermostat idzayikidwa ngati yokhazikika, monga momwe zilili pa chithunzi cha mutu, ndiye kuti ndikwanira kulumikiza mbale zonse ziwiri ndi pini ya goldpin. Mawonedwe a mbale zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa motere zikuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi 3. Komabe, ngati tisankha kukhazikitsa thermostat mu Z107, monga chithunzi 4, ndiye kuti mzere umodzi wosavuta wa 38 mm wokhala ndi zikhomo za golide ndi socket yachikazi uyenera kukhala. amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza mbale zonse ziwiri. Gwirani mabowo atatu kutsogolo kwa mabatani a S1…S3. Kuti dongosolo lonse likhale lokhazikika mukatha kusonkhana, mutha kulimbikitsanso ndi waya wopaka siliva (chithunzi 5), zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera zithandizira apa.
Gawo lomaliza kugwirizana kwa sensor ya kutentha. Pachifukwa ichi, cholumikizira chodziwika ndi TEMP chimagwiritsidwa ntchito: waya wakuda wa sensa umalumikizidwa ndi pini yolembedwa GND, waya wachikasu ku pini yolembedwa 1 W, ndi waya wofiira ku pini yolembedwa VCC. Ngati chingwecho ndi chachifupi kwambiri, chikhoza kuwonjezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe chopotoka kapena chingwe chomvera. Sensa yolumikizidwa motere imagwira ntchito bwino ngakhale ndi chingwe kutalika pafupifupi 30 m.
Pambuyo polumikiza magetsi, pakapita nthawi, chiwerengero cha kutentha chomwe chikuwerengedwa chidzawonekera pawonetsero. Ngati cholumikizira cha thermostat chili ndi mphamvu zikuwonetsa kupezeka kwa kadontho pamadijiti omaliza a chiwonetserochi. Thermostat imatengera mfundo iyi: munjira yotenthetsera, chinthucho chimangokhazikika, ndipo munjira yozizira chimangotenthedwa.
