Second Tesla Syndrome.

Yendetsani chosinthira ndipo tili ndi magetsi! - amatsatira malipoti ena atolankhani okhudza mapulani opanga magalimoto amagetsi ku Poland, omwe adalengezedwa m'miyezi yaposachedwa. Komabe, kufufuza mozama za mfundo ndi mbiri yakale amatichenjeza kuti tisamale, popeza luso laumisiri ndi likulu lofunikira kuti tiyambe kusintha kwa magetsi ndikusowa m'dziko lathu.

Zambiri zikuchitika m'gawo lazolengeza ndi zolengeza. Minister of Energy Krzysztof Czorzewski adalengeza mu Meyi 2017 kuti m'masabata akubwerawa. Lamulo pa dongosolo lothandizira zoyeserera zokhudzana ndi chitukuko cha electromobility ku Poland. Ndondomeko ya chitukuko cha magalimoto amagetsi, yoperekedwa ndi Unduna wa Zamagetsi, ikusonyeza kuti pofika 2025 padzakhala magalimoto amagetsi miliyoni m'misewu ya Vistula.

Pa gawo loyamba (mpaka 2018), boma liyenera kutsimikizira ma Poles za lingaliro lake - ndiye lidzakwaniritsidwa. mapulogalamu oyendetsa ndege. Kenako, mu 2019-2020, zomangamanga zolipirira magalimoto amagetsi zidzamangidwa m'magulu osankhidwa komanso m'mphepete mwa TEN-T (Trans-European Transport Network) pamtsinje wa Vistula. Boma likukhulupirira kuti m'mizinda 50 yosankhidwa padzakhala anthu 2020 2025. magalimoto amagetsi. Pomaliza, boma likuneneratu kuti mu gawo lachitatu (zaka XNUMX-XNUMX), magalimoto amagetsi adzakhala otchuka kwambiri. yambitsa kufunikira kwa magalimoto awa. Malinga ndi undunawu, network yamphamvu yaku Poland ikhala yokonzeka kale kupereka magetsi ku magalimoto amagetsi pafupifupi miliyoni imodzi.

Kutali ndi ku Europe wamba

Zolinga zambiri ndi zolengeza. Manambala enieni pano ndi pano akadali ochepa kwambiri. Malinga ndi Polish Association of the Automotive Industry, mu Epulo 2017, magalimoto amagetsi 47 adalembetsedwa mugulu lonse la magalimoto onyamula anthu, kuphatikiza Ngati titenga izi ngati avareji yamakono ndikuchulukitsa ndi khumi ndi awiri, timapeza magalimoto amagetsi theka la chikwi chaka chilichonse. Poland. Kupitilira 400 2016 magalimoto onse adalembetsedwa koyamba (XNUMX).

Palibe zizindikiro za opaleshoni ndipo sitikuyenda bwino poyerekeza ndi ku Ulaya. Malinga ndi European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA), magalimoto okwana 2016 adalembetsedwa ku European Union mu 155,2. magalimoto amagetsi (ECV-) - 4,8% bwino kuposa zotsatira zomwe zidapezeka mu 2015 (gululi limaphatikizanso ma hybrids amtunduwu).

Ambiri (ECV) chaka chatha analembetsa mu Norway (44,9 zikwi - mu 2015 panali 33,7 zikwi), Great Britain (36,9 zikwi - poyerekeza 28,7 zikwi mu 2015 .), France (29,1 zikwi - 22,8 zikwi), Germany (25,2 zikwi). - 23,5 zikwi), komanso ku Netherlands, komwe, komabe, kuchepa kwakukulu kunalembedwa poyerekeza ndi 2015 - anthu 22,8 zikwi zikwi. zamagetsi motsutsana ndi anthu 44,4 zikwi. m'chaka chapitacho.

Malinga ndi ACEA, magalimoto amagetsi a 556 a gulu la ECV adalembetsedwa ku Poland chaka chatha, kuphatikiza otchedwa (BEV), (EREV), (FCEV) ndi (PHEV). Poyerekeza, mu 2015, chiwerengero cha magalimoto a gulu la ECV ku Poland chinali 337.

Bungwe lofufuza zapadziko lonse la Navigant Research likulosera kuti pofika chaka cha 2023, magalimoto amagetsi adzakhala ndi 2,4% ya malonda a magalimoto a m'badwo wotsatira padziko lonse lapansi. Monga mukuonera, ku Poland chiwerengerochi chikadali chochepa kwambiri ndipo chiyenera kukula ndi kudumphadumpha kotero kuti sitingathe kungopeza zowonetseratu, komanso kufika pamtunda wapamwamba kwambiri, chifukwa izi ndizo mapulani athu ndi zokhumba zathu.

Makampani anayi aboma ndi mpikisano

Electro-Mobility Poland ikugwira ntchito yolimbikitsa ma electromobility ndi chitukuko cha polojekiti yamagalimoto amagetsi aku Poland. (1) ndi kampani yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu Okutobala 2016 ndi makampani anayi: PGE, Tauron, Enea ndi Energa. Aliyense wa iwo adatenga 25% ya likulu lovomerezeka, lomwe ndi PLN 10 miliyoni. Kampaniyo ikukonzekera - mothandizidwa ndi boma la Poland - kupanga maziko a msika watsopano wapakhomo ndikukhala gawo la makampani opanga magalimoto amagetsi padziko lonse lapansi.

1. ElectroMobility Poland - chithunzithunzi cha malo

"Galimoto yaying'ono yamagetsi yamatawuni yomwe idapangidwa ku Poland ndipo yotengera malingaliro aukadaulo aku Poland ndizovuta pamsika wamagalimoto aku Poland," adatero Minister Czorzewski, podziwitsa za kukhazikitsidwa kwa kampaniyo. "Monga Unduna wa Zamagetsi, timathandizira chitukuko cha electromobility ku Poland, timapanga mikhalidwe ya amalonda aku Poland omwe amagwira ntchito m'gawoli kuti athe kupikisana bwino ndi aku Europe. Zachidziwikire, ngati galimoto yoteroyo idzapangidwa ku Poland pamapeto pake idzayesedwa pamsika. ”

Ndondomekoyi imaphatikizaponso kuyika magetsi pamayendedwe a anthu. Kuphatikizidwa ndi mayankho amawu kulipiritsa zomangamanga magalimoto amagetsi monga tafotokozera ndi ndondomeko ya chitukuko cha dziko.

ElectroMobility Poland yalengeza mpikisano wa galimoto yoyamba yamagetsi yaku Poland. Nthawi yomaliza yotumiza ma projekiti inatha pakati pa Meyi 2017. Tinakumana ndi opambana pa September 12, ndipo chitsanzo cha galimoto chiyenera kumangidwa chaka chamawa. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May ndi June, okonzawo adanena za zofunsira pafupifupi zana, kuchokera kumakampani ang'onoang'ono komanso mabungwe akuluakulu apadziko lonse ndi anthu.

"Ndife okondwa ndi chidwi chachikulu pa mpikisano," adatero mneneri wa ElectroMobility Poland Alexandra Baldis potulutsa atolankhani. "Tsopano gawo loyamba la ntchito ya oweruza lidzachitika, komwe tidayitanira akuluakulu a dziko la magalimoto ndi okonza odziwika bwino. Gawo loyamba ndikuwunika kovomerezeka, ndikutsatiridwa ndi kusankhidwa kwa ma projekiti ndikusankha ntchito zomaliza zosangalatsa khumi ndi zisanu.

M'chilengezochi, okonzawo amalengezanso kuti ntchito iliyonse yomwe inavomerezedwa pamapeto pake idzayang'aniridwa molingana ndi mapangidwe ndi makina, chitetezo, chitonthozo, kalembedwe ndi chilengedwe, komanso kuyendetsa galimoto.

Oweruzawo anali ndi:

• anthu asayansi, ndiye Prof. malo Chingerezi Marcin Schlenzak - Mtsogoleri wa Automotive Institute, prof. dokotala eng. katswiri wa zomangamanga Stefan Westrich - wochokera ku Faculty of Architecture ya Warsaw University of Technology, Dr. Eng. Andrzej Muszynski - Mtsogoleri wa Institute of Automotive Industry (PIMOT), Dr. Wojciech Wiesolek - Mphunzitsi pa Transport Design Studio ya Academy of Fine Arts ku Wroclaw, wopanga ma yachts, magalimoto, njinga zamoto ndi masewera a kanema;
• okonza,ndi. Oskar Zenta - mutu wa studio ya Zieta Prozessdesign, Wojciech Sokolowski - wopanga magalimoto, wamkulu wa SOKKA, kampani yodziwika bwino pakupanga mafakitale ndi kapangidwe ka magalimoto;
• dalaivala, mwachitsanzo Joanna Madej - woyendetsa ndege komanso wothamanga, ngwazi yaku Poland yamagalimoto, Natalia Kowalska - woyendetsa magalimoto othamanga, mwa zina, zisudzo mu Formula Master ndi Fomula 2, Tomasz Czopik - wothamanga, ngwazi yaku Poland yamagalimoto;
• atolankhani zamagalimotoizo. Jaroslav Maznas - ndi TVN Turbo, wothandizira nawo pulogalamu "Automaniak", Rafał Cemielita - ndi TVN Turbo, Katarzyna Frendl - mtolankhani wamagalimoto ndi blogger, wolemba webusayiti motocaina.pl;
• komanso Anna Dereszowska - zisudzo ndi zisudzo mafilimu, wokonda magalimoto, Iza Rogulska - kulankhulana ndi kulankhulana katswiri, Phillips Polska, Marcin Kobylecki - wotsogolera kulenga ndi membala wa gulu la Platige Image, Joanna Kloskowska - marketing director Ringier Axel Springer Polska, okhazikika pa mtundu - malonda ndi kulankhulana.

Mpikisano woyamba umakwirira gawo lowonera. Wina, womwe ulengezedwa mu Seputembala uno, ukukhudza prototyping. Chigamulochi chikapangidwa, ElectroMobility Poland ikukonzekera njira yovomerezeka, kupanga mndandanda waung'ono, ndikuthandizira kukhazikitsidwa kwa kupanga kwakukulu.

Udindo wa ElectroMobility Poland ndikupanga mikhalidwe yamabizinesi omwe akuwonetsa kuthekera pamsika wa opanga magalimoto amagetsi. Kampaniyo iyenera kukhala yokhayo yoyambira pano. (Tiyeni tikhazikike pa nomenclature iyi, ngakhale mu "magetsi" akuwoneka ngati akale) kuti apitirize kuyendetsa galimoto komanso zotheka kupanga misala - ndiko kuti, ndalama zopangira ndalama zazikulu - ziyenera kubwera kwinakwake. Ndiye kuti?

Ili ndi funso lomwe magalimoto opitilira magetsi aku Poland adayima, kapena m'malo mwake kapangidwe kake.

Poyerekeza, apa pali mndandanda wandalama zomwe ma projekiti amagetsi padziko lonse lapansi angadalire.

mabiliyoni aku China

Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kosiyanasiyana, ndalama zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi ndalama zothandizira oyambitsa magalimoto atsopano amagetsi zakwera kuchokera pa $200 miliyoni mu 2013 mpaka $ 2 biliyoni mu 2016. Ndalamazi zikukula mofulumira. Chitchaina chokha (ngakhale dzina) ngwazi yapadziko lonse lapansi (2) Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa kwake mu 2015, lalandira madola biliyoni kuchokera kwa osunga ndalama. Galimoto yoyamba yamtunduwu ikuyenera kumangidwa mu 2018, ndipo cholinga chake ndi magalimoto 2021 pofika 100. zida zamagalimoto

2. Zithunzi za Weltmeister

Kampani ina yaku China idakhazikitsidwa mu 2014. NextEVndalama zokwana theka la biliyoni zaperekedwa mpaka pano. Akufuna kumanga mtundu watsopano wagalimoto, wogwirizana ndi zosowa za makasitomala. Pakali pano adalenga galimoto yothamanga EP9, odziwika kuti ndiwothamanga kwambiri padziko lapansi galimoto yamagetsi.

Makampani ongoyamba kumene komanso osadziwika bwino aku China omwe akufuna kugonjetsa msika wamagalimoto amagetsi omwe akubwera atha kudalira mazana mamiliyoni ndi mabiliyoni kuchokera ku zimphona zaukadaulo zaku China. Mwachitsanzo, "Chinese Google" ndi kampani Baidu - pamodzi ndi Tencent Holdings Iwo amathandiza Future Mobility, kampani yomwe ikufuna kupanga zinthu zamagetsi zamagetsi. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti adakwanitsa kupeza mainjiniya kuchokera ku BMW ndi Tesla.

Kampaniyo, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2014, ikugwirizana ndi likulu la China. Tsogolo la Faraday waku California yemwe akufuna kupikisana nawo Tesla. Pachiwonetsero chachikulu kwambiri chamagetsi ndi matekinoloje atsopano - Consumer Electronics Show, yomwe imachitika chaka chilichonse ku Las Vegas - adawonetsa. galimoto yamagetsi yodziyimira payokhaliwiro la 2,39 Km / h mu 97 masekondi.

Kampaniyo imadzitamandira kuti galimotoyo FF91 mofulumira kuposa Model S Tesla ndi magalimoto ena onse amagetsi omwe amapangidwa pano (Tesla amatha kuthamanga mpaka 97 km / h mumasekondi 2,5). Pachiwonetserochi, mphamvu za galimotoyo zinawonetsedwa, zomwe zinkayenda mozungulira malo oimikapo magalimoto popanda woyendetsa. Oimira Faraday anafotokoza kuti galimoto yawo, pa liwiro lokhazikika la 88 km / h, imatha kuyenda mtunda wa 775 km. Ikhozanso kuimbidwa ndi miyezo yamakono yosiyanasiyana. Wopanga akukonzekera kukhazikitsa galimotoyo pamsika mu 2018. Owerenga omwe akufuna kuyitanitsa galimoto ayenera kukonzekera ma ruble 5. dollar patsogolo...

Adapangidwa miyezi ingapo yapitayo Masewera a Lucid Motors mpaka pano walandira "kokha" $131 miliyoni kuchokera kwa osunga ndalama. Iye amakonza nyumbayo Lucid Air (3), iyenera kukhala ndi magawo ochititsa chidwi, kuphatikiza. 600 hp injini ndi malo osungira mphamvu a 52,5 km. Mtengo woyerekeza XNUMX zikwi. madola, zomwe si njira yonyansa mu gawo lamagalimoto apamwamba. Ndalamazo sizikudabwitsanso mukaganizira za msonkho umene ogula magetsi ku United States angayembekezere.

Tithokoze chifukwa chandalama zaku China ndi US zoyambira magetsi, Swedish Kuphatikizidwa, ndi $ 1,42 miliyoni mu akaunti ikuwoneka yochepetsetsa. Komabe, kupatsidwa mphamvu ya uinjiniya waku Sweden komanso mgwirizano ndi Siemens, tikhoza kuyembekezera kuti mu 2019 - pambuyo pake, chiwonetsero cha galimoto yawo yoyamba chikukonzekera chaka chino - tidzawona mankhwala osangalatsa.

komanso kudziko lina lomwe lili ndi chikhalidwe chapamwamba chaukadaulo - Switzerland. Anagwira ntchito kumeneko kuyambira 2009 fakitale yapamwambaamene posachedwapa anapereka galimoto Electra (4) idapangidwa kuti igwirizane ndi zinthu za Tesla. Momwemonso trolley Mfundo imodzi - yopangidwa ndi kampani yaku Croatia Galimoto ya Rimac, ndi mphamvu ya 1224 hp ndi liwiro lalikulu 350 km/h.

4. Mtundu wowonjezera - mawonekedwe 49

Zitsanzo zambiri zomwe zaperekedwa padziko lonse lapansi zikuwonetsa kuti nthawi zambiri mumaganiza zopanga magalimoto apamwamba kapena opitilira avareji. Malingaliro a ku Poland kwa magalimoto amagetsi amakhala ang'onoang'ono, akumidzi, koma mwatsoka, monga momwe tidzawonera, magalimoto okwera mtengo, a mumzinda.

Germany imapereka magetsi aku Poland pansi pa chigoba cha ku Italy

Posachedwapa, atolankhani ali ndi zambiri zokhudza zojambula zapakhomo zamagalimoto amagetsi. Komabe, sikuti nthawi zonse amakhala achi Polish, monga zikuwonetseredwa ndi chitsanzo cha zomangamanga Chithunzi cha ESF01 (5). zopanga zapakhomo zimabisika pano pansi pa thupi la galimoto yopangidwa ku Tychy ... Fiat 500. Kumbuyo kwa ntchitoyi ndi wamalonda waku Germany Thomas Hayek, pulezidenti wa Bemotion komanso woyambitsa fakitale yamagetsi yamagetsi ya Bielsko-Biala.

5. FSE 01 (copyright: Bielsko-Biala Electric Vehicle Plant)

Akatswiri ochokera ku bungwe lofufuza zamagalimoto a BOSMAL adathandizira kupanga FSE 01. Mtundu womwe ukuwonetsedwa pano ndi mtundu wowongoleredwa, womwe mu 2014, ngati galimoto yotchedwa BOSMAL 500 E, idawonetsedwa pawonetsero yamagetsi ya eCarTech ku Munich (kale Bemotion adalengeza za kugulitsa ndi BOSMAL).

Kutalika kwa galimoto kumangopitirira 3,5 mamita. Ili ndi gawo limodzi la magawo atatu a PMSM opangidwa ndi Sosnowiec okhala ndi mphamvu ya 45 hp. (Maximum torque 120 Nm). Mabatire amabisika pansi. Ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 1055, galimoto ayenera imathandizira kuti munthu pazipita 135 Km / h. Pa mtengo umodzi, idzayenda pafupifupi makilomita 100 ndipo, malinga ndi Hayek, idzawononga ndalama zosakwana $100. zloti". Poyerekeza, kwa mafuta atsopano 50, wopanga amafuna momveka bwino zosakwana XNUMX XNUMX. zloti.

Kulipiritsa FSE 01 kuchokera ku socket yokhazikika ya garaja kumatenga pafupifupi maola asanu ndi limodzi, pomwe kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi a 400 V kumatenga maola atatu okha. Malingana ndi oimira FSE, amatha kupanga magalimoto amagetsi okwana chikwi pachaka.

Bemotion ndi BOSMAL Automotive Research Institute afunsira ku National Research and Development Center kuti athandizire ndalama pafupifupi PLN 4,5 miliyoni pantchito yawo yolumikizana yotchedwa "Kupanga galimoto yobweretsera magetsi yokhala ndi mphamvu zanzeru". control system". Izi zikutanthauza kuti ku Bielsko-Biala, ntchito ikuchitika kuti apange magalimoto awiri osiyana opangidwa ndi magetsi - galimoto yobweretsera makampani ndi galimoto ya Kowalski.

Mpaka pano, a Fabryka Samochodow Elektrycznych adayika ndalama zokwana 1 miliyoni mu projekitiyi. Kuchita nawo mpikisano wa ElectroMobility Poland kunaganiziridwa, koma zofunikira za mpikisano, zomwe zinalengezedwa ndi EMP, zimanena kuti galimotoyo iyenera kuyenda osachepera 150 km - pamenepa, pafupifupi 50 km.

Kampaniyo ikufuna kufikira makasitomala am'mabungwe - mabanki, makampani a inshuwaransi, mwina mabungwe aboma, omwe antchito awo atha kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi ngati magalimoto apamzinda akale.

Mapangidwe enieni a ku Poland, ndithudi, ndi ELVI. Ili linali dzina la lingaliro la galimoto yoyamba yobweretsera magetsi apanyumba. Wodziwika bwino wopanga mathirakitala aulimi ndi makina a Ursus adawonetsedwa ku Hannover Fair mu Epulo (6), yomwe idalandira nkhani zambiri ndipo idagwirizana ndi Poland chaka chino. Kampani ya Hipolit Cegielski-Poznań ndi yomwe imayang'anira kuyendetsa. ELVI idzapangidwa ku Lublin.

6. Ursus ELVI pa Hannover Messe posachedwapa

Galimotoyo iyenera kulemera mpaka matani 3,5. Kuchuluka kwa katundu wocheperako ndi 1100 kg, kuchuluka kwa batire limodzi kumakhala pafupifupi 150 km, ndipo liwiro lalikulu ndi 100 km / h. Monga oyimira opanga akutsimikizira, magawo onse amatha kusinthidwa malinga ndi zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito amtsogolo. Kutalika kwa galimotoyo kudzakhala pafupifupi 2 m, kuti athe kulowa mosavuta, mwachitsanzo, malo oimikapo magalimoto pansi pa malo ogulitsira.

ELVI ipezeka ndi injini ziwiri. Choyamba, injini ndi mphamvu ya 60-70 kW kapena za 100 hp. adzaikidwa pakati. Chachiwiri, kudzakhala kotheka kugawa mphamvu mu injini ziwiri za 35 kW aliyense. Mabatire a Lithium-Ion omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'galimoto amakupatsani mwayi woti muwonjezerenso mphamvu ya 90% mkati mwa mphindi 15, zomwe ziyenera kuwonedwa ngati zotsatira zabwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mayankho omwe amapezeka pamsika.

Galimoto yeniyeni komanso yopangidwa kale kwambiri ndi makina amagetsi amagetsi opangidwa ku Poland. Rome 4E (7), yosonkhanitsidwa ndikuperekedwa ndi Arkus & Romet Gulu kuyambira 2012. Ngakhale kuti dzinali limagwirizana bwino ndi Chipolishi, mtundu wamtunduwu ndi mtundu wagalimoto yamagetsi yaku China yokhala ndi zitseko 5 zomwe tidaziyika. Yogomo MA4E. Galimotoyo imayendetsedwa ndi mota yamagetsi yopanda brushless yokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu ya 5 kW (6,8 hp) ndi voliyumu ya 72 V.

Kusintha kwa ma transmission kumalola kuthamanga kwa 62 km / h. Mphamvu yofunikira kuti ipangitse injiniyo imasungidwa m'mabatire asanu ndi anayi a lead-acid, aliyense ali ndi mphamvu ya 150 Ah (okwana 1350 Ah) ndi voteji ya 8 V. Kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu ndi 90 km, koma izi zitha kuonjezedwa mpaka 180 km. . Km poyambitsa njira yoyendetsera ndalama, yomwe imachepetsa kuthamanga kwa 42 km / h.

7. Romet 4E (gwero: Wikipedia)

8 Siren Nicky (copyright: AK Motor)

Zokongola, zachangu komanso mwaukadaulo ... zithunzi zamakompyuta

FSE ndi ELVI ndi magalimoto omwe alipo, ngakhale ngati ma prototypes. Zikukhalira kuti kupangidwa kwa prototype m'mikhalidwe yaku Poland ndikopambana kale. Sitikupereŵera mapulojekiti osakhalitsa. Izi zikuphatikizapo, mwachitsanzo, Siren Nicky (zisanu). Malinga ndi wopanga AK Motors, ikhala galimoto yaying'ono yamtawuni yokhala ndi zida galimoto yamagetsiyomwe imatha kunyamula anthu awiri ndi kachikwama kakang'ono. Mabatire operekedwa ndi injini amaloledwa pafupifupi 150 km m'mizinda ndipo amatha kulipiritsa mpaka 90% mu mphindi 15 zokha.

Vuto lokhalo ndikuti makinawa ... palibe mwakuthupi. Pafupifupi palibe m’dziko lenileni amene anachiwonapo. Komabe, mutha kuwona CGI yokongola kwambiri. Tsoka ilo, izi zikugwiranso ntchito kumasulira kwina kwa AK Motors - Melusines Oraz Ligay.

Panthawi ina, mlandu wa ELV001 (9) unali wapamwamba - galimoto yomwe imayenera kuyenda mpaka 150 km pa mtengo umodzi. Zinayenera kukhala Polish kwathunthu, i.e. zopangidwa ndi kumangidwa ndi mainjiniya athu. Adalandiranso ndalama kuchokera ku European Union ndikupanga chitsanzo cha ELV8 cha 001 miliyoni. Mapangidwe akunja amakono Michal Kraczyk, wophunzira wa PhD ku Academy of Fine Arts ku Krakow. Makampani apakhomo monga Car Technology Production, KOMEL kapena Mielec Leopard anali ndi udindo womanga. Chitsanzocho chinatenga pafupifupi miyezi 20 kuti chitsirizidwe, ndipo malinga ndi Jerzy Czerkes, wotsogolera polojekiti ya Regional Development Agency MARR ku Mielec, 90% ya zigawozo zinapangidwa ndi kumangidwa pamalopo.

9.ELV001 (copyright: exeon.co)

Zina mwa zabwino zomwe zafotokozedwa mu ELV001, kuwonjezera pa thupi lokongola la zitseko zitatu, panali malo okwera anayi, thunthu lalikulu la 310-lita ndi katundu wa 550 kilogalamu. Kuyendetsa kunalinso kolimba. Kumbali imodzi, izi zimalola kupulumutsa kwakukulu (ndalama ya 100 km ndi pafupifupi PLN 4), ndipo mbali inayo, imapereka magwiridwe antchito ochititsa chidwi. 41 hp imakupatsani mwayi wothamanga kuchokera ku 0 mpaka 100 km / h. pasanathe 6 masekondi. Liwiro pazipita anali 110 Km / h, ndi batire mlandu nthawi anali kuchokera 6 mpaka 8 hours. Mwachidule, tinganene kuti ndi galimoto ndi magawo kuti si otsika kupikisana zitsanzo za odziwika opanga dziko.

Mavumbulutso onsewa amatanthauza kuti mu 2014 atolankhani adalemba za ELV001 ngati chiyembekezo chamakampani opanga magalimoto apanyumba. Zinkaganiziridwa kuti popeza lingaliro la makina omwe ali ndi ntchito yabwino komanso kuyendetsa ndalama kunalengedwa, mwinamwake chinachake chidzasuntha pa ndegeyi. Komabe, kunakhala chete pambuyo pake. Wogulitsa ndalama sanapezeke, ndipo mlanduwo unathetsedwa. Kuonjezera apo, olemba ntchitoyo sakunena kuti cholinga chawo chinali kupanga galimoto.

Lingaliro lalikulu linali lopanga mwayi kwa makampani apanyumba ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati kuchokera kumakampani opanga magalimoto kuti adziwe zambiri pakupanga ndi kupanga zida zamagalimoto amagetsi. Zinalinso zoyesa malingaliro ndi mapangidwe a dziko. Kupatula apo, chifukwa cha izi, makampani angapo akugwirizana kale kapena atha kugwirizana ndi opanga magalimoto akuluakulu ku Europe.

Koma kodi ma projekiti amagalimoto amagetsi aku Poland adzakhala kosatha pankhani yamalingaliro ndi ma prototypes oyambirira?

Charger mu supermarket ndi mu nyali msewu

Kukula kwa magalimoto amagetsi kumafunikira osati mapangidwe abwino agalimoto, komanso zomangamanga. Ndipo ndi chakuti mu Poland mwina ngakhale wofooka kuposa ndi ndalama ndalama mu gawoli. Pano tikukhulupilira kuti tili ndi pafupifupi. 130 masiteshoni kulipiritsa galimoto yamagetsi (10). Ndipo ku Germany, mwachitsanzo, kale 125 zikwi.

10. Google Map of Electric Vehicle Charging Points in Poland (kuchokera mytesla.com)

Malinga ndi polojekiti ya boma "Phukusi la zoyendera zoyera", ku Poland pofika 2020. 6 zikwi zokhazikika komanso 400 zolipira mwachangu magalimoto amagetsi. Malinga ndi malamulo a EU, osachepera mfundo khumi iliyonse iyenera kupezeka kwa anthu.

Zofalitsa (mwachitsanzo, "Dziennik - Gazeta Prawna") posachedwapa zafalitsa ziwerengero zazikulu kwambiri - m'zaka zikubwerazi tidzapanga ntchito zina 10 2. magalimoto opangira magetsi. Pafupifupi theka la iwo adzakhala pamalo oyendera, XNUMX enanso. adzamanga malo, mwachitsanzo, ku malo opangira mpweya wa biogas, komanso kumalo opangira magetsi opangidwa ndi mphepo ndi madzi. Sizikudziwika kuti ndi matekinoloje ati omwe awonekere muma charger awa. Ndikoyenera kuwonjezera kuti tapanga kale masiteshoni angapo pogwiritsa ntchito yankho Tesla Supercharger - kuphatikizapo. ku Wroclaw, Katowice ndi Poznań.

10 ndi chiyembekezo chofuna kwambiri. Ena anganene kuti nzosatheka. Komabe, nkovuta kukana kuti chiwerengero cha makhazikitsidwe otere ku Poland chakwera posachedwapa. Mwachitsanzo, ku Łódź kokha, PGE ikugwira ntchito pamasiteshoni asanu ndi limodzi opangira 50 kW iliyonse. Iwo adzakhazikitsidwa mu theka lachiwiri la 2017. Ogwiritsa ntchito mafoni akunenedwanso kuti ali ndi chidwi chopanga netiweki ya ma charger amagetsi amagetsi. Ntchitozi zidzathandizidwa ndi thumba la Low Emission Transportation Fund kapena National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management, malinga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu. Makampani amagalimoto monga BMW, Ford, Daimler ndi Volkswagen akukhazikitsanso ma network awo olipira ku Europe, mwachitsanzo ku Poland.

Pali anthu ambiri omwe akufuna kuyambitsa bizinesiyi. Kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2016, pamodzi ndi sitolo ya 80 Lidl ku Poland, malo oyamba opangira magalimoto amagetsi amtunduwu adatsegulidwa ku Poznań. Sitimayi ndi yaulere ndipo imapezeka nthawi yotsegulira. Mutha kuyigwiritsa ntchito - chifukwa cha kuthamangitsa mwachangu, mulingo pafupifupi 30% utha kufikika ngakhale mphindi pafupifupi XNUMX. Nyumbayo yokha imatenthedwa ndi mphamvu ya geothermal yothandizidwa ndi kuchira.

Malipiro aulere amayimbiranso ena mndandanda wa masitolo. Lingaliro lokopa makasitomala okhala ndi masiteshoni aulere likukhazikitsidwa kale ku Europe, kuphatikiza Aldi, E. Leclerc ndi Auchan. Ku Poland, IKEA ikukhazikitsanso malo othamangitsira magalimoto otere m'masitolo ake.

Makampani awiri amafuta aboma Orlen ndi Lotos, omwe akuyembekezekabe kutsatira zomwe zikuchitika, akukonzekera kulowa msika kwambiri. Orlen wakhala ndi ma charger awiri a Tesla pamalo odzaza opitilira 1700, ndipo Lotos wakhala akuyendetsa masiteshoni osankhidwa a Tri-City kuyambira 2015 kuti alole kulipiritsa magalimoto amagetsi ndi ma hybrid.

Lingaliro losangalatsa la zomangamanga lidabadwa ku ngodya yosiyana kwambiri ya Poland. Lublin University of Technology ndi PGE Dystrybucja akufuna kukonza limodzi njira yatsopano yolipirira galimoto yamagetsi yomwe idzagwiritse ntchito ma charger omwe ayikidwamo. Magetsi amsewu. Ntchitoyi iyenera kumalizidwa mu 2020. Cholinga cha polojekitiyi ndikuwonetsetsa kuyenda kwaulere kwa magalimoto amagetsi ku Poland m'tsogolomu. Lublin University of Technology idzakonzekera njira zothetsera ma charger atsopano, pamene PGE Dystrybucja idzasamalira mapulogalamu a IT omwe adzalola kuti ma charger agwirizane ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka magetsi. Chotsatira chake, ndalama zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulipiritsa magalimoto zimatha kuphatikizidwa muzolipira zamagetsi zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi dalaivala pamalo omwe amakhala.

mabatire agalimoto iyenera kuperekedwa ndi mphamvu yopitilira 25 kW. Kulipira kwathunthu kudzatenga pafupifupi mphindi 70. Ma charger adzakhala ndi mitundu itatu ya mapulagi, kukulolani kulumikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto amagetsi. Ziyenera kukhala zapawiri, i.e. perekaninso kubwezeretsa mphamvu kuchokera ku mabatire kupita ku dongosolo, ngati kuli kofunikira. Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa mitengo yamagetsi pa nthawi zina za tsiku, yankho ili lidzathandiza madalaivala kupeza ndalama zowonjezera. Mtengo wa charger imodzi akuti pafupifupi ma ruble 40. zloti. Komabe, omwe amapanga pulojekitiyi sakufuna kuchita nawo ntchito yawo - mapulani a charger adzapezeka kwa opanga chidwi pamaziko a chilolezo chotseguka.

Ku Warsaw opanda magetsi a mzinda - adzapita ku Wroclaw

Mu likulu, mwa zina, kudzakhala kotheka kulipira magalimoto magetsi kutsogolo kwa likulu la mphamvu nkhawa RWE ku Wybrzez Szczecinsk, komanso m'malo angapo kugula Mwachitsanzo, Galeria Mokotów, Arkadia, CH Warszawa Wileńska ndi Blue City. Chilichonse mwazinthu izi chikhoza kutha kuchokera pa mphindi 40 mpaka ola limodzi.

Kumapeto kwa June 2016, Public Transport Authority idalengeza pulogalamu yokonza, kukhazikitsa ndi kuyitanitsa njira zolipirira magalimoto amagetsi ndi ma hybrid pamapaki agalimoto a P + R ku Warsaw.

Komabe, mpaka pano, kusakwanira kokwanira kokwanira kwa malo opangira magalimoto amagetsi chinali chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe boma la Warsaw lidayesa kuyambitsa zomwe zimatchedwa. kugawana galimoto, potsirizira pake anasiya zofunikira kuti polojekitiyi ikhale ndi magalimoto amagetsi. Mwinamwake woyamba mu mpikisano uwu adzakhala Wroclaw, kumene magalimoto amagetsi a mumzinda adzapita m'misewu m'chaka cha 2018.

Mu February 2017, mgwirizano udasainidwa pakati pa mzindawu ndi kampani ya Enigma, yomwe imayang'anira ntchitoyo. Likulu la Lower Silesia liyenera kuyamba ndi magalimoto amagetsi a 200 omwe amapezeka kwa nzika iliyonse - 190 Nissan Leaf model ndi 10 Nissan VANs.

Magalimoto sadzakhala aulere - pafupifupi mtengo wake udzakhala pafupifupi PLN 1 pa kilomita. Zosungitsa zitha kupangidwa kudzera pa webusayiti kapena pulogalamu yam'manja, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wowona kupezeka kwa magalimoto omwe ali mumzinda. Kutsegula ndi kuyambitsa galimoto kudzachitikanso pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu uwu wa ntchito. Ndi chimodzimodzi ndi malipiro. Kulipiriratu kapena kulipira kumapangidwa pambuyo pobweza galimotoyo. Kuphatikiza apo, malo opangira magalimoto khumi ndi awiri adzamangidwa.

11. Kukweza galimoto pakati pa Warsaw (chithunzi: blog.kurasinski.com)

Utumiki ukugwedezeka

Pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana okhudza mawu oti magalimoto amagetsi miliyoni miliyoni pamisewu yaku Poland pakati pazaka khumi zikubwerazi. Pali zigamulo zambiri kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndondomekoyi sikutheka. Chifukwa kusintha kwamagetsi kumafuna ndalama zosinthira, ndalama zazikulu, mapulogalamu othandizira oyendetsa, makampani, mabungwe ndi maboma am'deralo. Pakalipano, m'manyuzipepala, munthu angapeze kale malipoti a mikangano ndi mikangano pa nkhaniyi pakati pa mabungwe omwe ayenera kulimbikitsa malingaliro a boma.

Pulse of Business adalemba kuti ofesi ya Prime Minister ndi Unduna wa Zachuma sakufuna kukhala ndi magalimoto amagetsi m'zombo zawo. Koma akuluakulu aboma, kuphatikiza maunduna, ndiwo adayenera kulengeza zamayendedwe amtunduwu ndikupereka chitsanzo.

Panthawiyi, mtsogoleri wa Ofesi ya Prime Minister, Beata Kempa, ponena za lipoti la Krzysztof Czorzewski lomwe tatchulidwa poyamba, likufuna kuti asakhale ndi magalimoto ogwiritsidwa ntchito mu ofesi kuchokera ku ntchito zomwe zikubwera, popeza chikalatacho "sikuganiziranso za momwe zinthu zikuyendera. magwiridwe antchito a mabungwe ena oyang'anira, monga mutu wa Ofesi ya Prime Minister ". Unduna wa Zachilendo umafotokoza kuti amagwiritsa ntchito magalimoto ogwidwa kuchokera kumayiko akunja, kotero kuti sangagule magalimoto atsopano, ndipo zidzakhala zovuta kuti agule magalimoto amagetsi. Chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi chakuti Unduna wa Zachuma, ndiye kuti, unduna wotsogozedwa ndi Mateusz Morawiecki, m'modzi mwa olimbikitsa kwambiri za electromobility, akufunanso kupeŵa akatswiri amagetsi.

Akuluakulu akukayikiranso lingaliro lopatsa magalimoto amagetsi njira yamabasi. Chifukwa chake chimasowa chimodzi mwa nyambo zofunika kwambiri pakusintha kupita kumagetsi. Nanga bwanji za nthawi yopuma misonkho, malipiro oimika magalimoto, ndi zinthu zina zimene zingathandize anthu kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto amagetsi?

Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, Krzysztof Kowalczyk adasiya ntchito, yemwe posachedwapa adayendetsa ElectroMobility Poland. Ngakhale Maciej Kos, Purezidenti wa EMP, adanena m'mawu ambiri kuti "njira zonse za kampani zikuyenda bwino ndipo kutha kwa mgwirizano ndi Krzysztof Kowalczyk sikuopseza ntchito iliyonse yomwe EMP ikuchita", kusiya ntchito mwamsanga sizikuthandizira kupangitsa kuti nyengo ikhale yabwino pozungulira pulojekiti yoyendera magetsi.

Ndikovuta kuzindikira kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa masomphenya omwe tafotokozawa sikudzakhala ntchito yophweka. Ndalama zogulira pamlingo wofunikira kuti mupange ndikuyambitsa kupanga, i.e. zazikuluzikulu sizikuyembekezeredwa, ndipo mapulojekiti aku Poland omwe avumbulutsidwa mpaka pano sakugwetsedwa ndi njira zothetsera luso.

Mwina tiyenera kupita njira ina komanso m'malo moganizira mapangidwe a "Tesla wachiwiri", i.e. pa kutsanzira ndi kutsegula zitseko zotseguka kale, kuganizira zopezera njira zothetsera mavuto aukadaulo omwe adakali ofunika kwambiri pamagalimoto amagetsi. sizinali zokwanira, koma palibe aliyense padziko lapansi amene akanatha kulimbana nazo? Mwinamwake muyenera kuyang'ana njira zowonjezerapo, kuthamanga kwa liwiro, kusungirako mphamvu, kuyendetsa mphamvu pakugwiritsa ntchito galimoto tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo ndani akudziwa, mwinamwake ngakhale magwero amphamvu amphamvu?

Njirayi imadalira kokha pamlingo wina pa mlingo wa ndalama. Zambiri zidzadalira zatsopano, zomwe Poles ali nazo zokwanira.