Kuyang'ana mapulagi owala pa injini ya dizilo ndi manja anu

Gawo lofunikira la injini yoyaka yamkati ndi pulagi yamoto. Ndipo oyendetsa galimoto ambiri sakudziwa choti achite ngati pali zovuta ndi gawo ili. Kodi chikuyenera kuchitidwa ndi chiyani kuti tithane ndi malowa ndikumvetsetsa kuti kandulo akuyenera kulowedwa m'malo?

Aliyense amene akudziwa momwe ma spark plugs amagwirira ntchito mwina angazindikire nthawi yomweyo ngati pali zovuta ndi gawoli. Pamene sitata akuyamba, koma injini akadali si kuyamba, muyenera kumasula kandulo ndi kuyang'ana momwe izo zikuwoneka. Ngati yanyowa ndi petulo, ndiye kuti spark plug kapena dera lamagetsi lokha ndilolakwika. Komano, ngati kandulo youma, m'pofunika kudziwa chifukwa mafuta si kulowa yamphamvu.

Kuzindikira ngati pulagi ya spark ndi yolakwika kungakhale kovuta chifukwa pali zizindikiro zambiri zosinthira spark plug kapena kulephera kuyatsa. Ndizotheka kuti cholakwikacho sichili mu spark plug, komanso makina oyaka kapena chingwe chingakhale cholakwika. Kuchokera pakuchita titha kunena kuti ma spark plugs amakono ndi apamwamba kwambiri, kotero kulephera kumachitika kawirikawiri.

Chifukwa chake, mgalimoto zatsopano, mapulagi amasinthidwa moyenera atayendetsa mtunda wotchulidwa ndi wopanga. Mwachitsanzo, ku Felicia chisanafike 1997, yomwe inali isanagawire jekeseni wa multipoint, mapulagi adasinthidwa pambuyo pa 30 km.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma spark plug pamsika. Pali mazana amitundu yama spark plugs komanso mitengo yofananira - spark plug imatha mtengo kuchokera ku 3 mpaka 30 euros.

Kutulutsa mapulagi sikukutukuka mosalekeza, monganso zigawo zina zamagalimoto. Matekinoloje ndi zida zikusintha ndipo moyo wa alumali wawonjezeka kuchokera ku 30 km mpaka pafupifupi 000 km lero. Palinso mapulagi omwe amatha kusintha mpaka 60 km. Popeza mapulagi ndi zinthu zovomerezeka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti opanga ayenera kupanga mapulagi okhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera, timalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mapulagi amtundu womwewo ndikupanga ngati galimoto yanu.

Makina oyatsira injini ya dizilo

Pulagi yowala mu injini ya dizilo imagwira ntchito yosiyana ndi pulagi ya spark mu injini yamafuta. Ntchito yaikulu ya spark plug ndiyo kuyatsa kusakaniza kwa mpweya ndi mafuta mu chipinda choyaka moto. Pakalipano, pulagi yowala imagwira ntchito yaikulu pokonzekera injini kuti iyambe kuzizira.

Pulagi yowala ya injini ya dizilo ndi chidutswa chitsulo chochepa kwambiri chomwe chimakhala ndi zotentha kumapeto. Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zida zamakono zotentha kwambiri komanso zotsekemera.

Ndi injini za dizilo zatsopano, moyo wa mapulagi owala uyenera kukhala wofanana ndi wa injini yonse, chifukwa chake m'malo mwa ma plugs atha kuyambitsa mavuto ena. Pa ma dizilo achikulire, mapulagi owala amafunika kusinthidwa pambuyo pa makilomita pafupifupi 90000.

Mosiyana ndi mapulagi oyaka, mapulagi owala amafunikira pokhapokha pakayaka, ndipo osati nthawi yonse yomwe injini ikuyenda. Magetsi amaperekedwa kuzinthu zotenthetsera, zomwe zimatenthetsa mpaka kutentha kwambiri. Mpweya wolowa umapanikizika, nozzle wa jakisoni amatsogolera mafuta ku chowotcha chowotcha chowotcha panthawi yamafuta a mafuta. Mafuta obayidwa amasakanikirana ndi mpweya ndipo kusakanikirana kumeneku kumayamba kuwotchera nthawi yomweyo, ngakhale injiniyo singatenthedwe.

Zimagwira bwanji?

Mosiyana ndi injini ya petulo, injini ya dizilo imagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Mmenemo, kusakaniza kwa mafuta ndi mpweya sikuyatsa mothandizidwa ndi spark plug. Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti kuyatsa kwa mafuta a dizilo kumafuna kutentha kwambiri kuposa mafuta a petulo (kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya kumayaka pa kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 800). Kuti mafuta a dizilo ayatse, m'pofunika kutentha kwambiri mpweya wolowa mu silinda.

Moto ukakhala wofunda, izi sizovuta, ndipo kukanikiza kolimba ndikokwanira kutenthetsa mpweya. Pachifukwa ichi, kupsinjika kwa injini za dizilo ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa injini zamafuta. M'nyengo yozizira, makamaka kumayambiriro kwa chisanu choopsa, mu injini yozizira, kutentha kumeneku kumafika nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha kupsinjika kumodzi. Muyenera kutembenuza choyambira motalika, ndipo pakakhala kupsinjika kwakukulu, mphamvu zambiri zimafunikira kuti muyambitse mota.

Kuti zikhale zosavuta kuyambitsa injini yozizira, mapulagi owala apangidwa. Ntchito yawo ndi kutenthetsa mpweya mu silinda kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 75. Chotsatira chake, kutentha kwamoto kwamafuta kumafikira panthawi ya psinjika.

Tsopano ganizirani mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito pulagi yowala yokha. M'kati mwake mumayikamo zotenthetsera ndi zowongolera. Yoyamba imatenthetsa thupi la kandulo, ndipo yachiwiri imalepheretsa kutenthedwa. Pambuyo poyambitsa injini, mapulagi owala adzapitirizabe kugwira ntchito mpaka kutentha kwa dongosolo lozizira kumakwera kufika madigiri +60.

Kutengera ndi kutentha komwe kuli, izi zitha kutenga mphindi zitatu. Pambuyo pake, palibe chifukwa cha makandulo, chifukwa injiniyo imatenthedwa ndipo kutentha kwa mafuta a dizilo kumafikira kale ndi kupondereza mpweya ndi pistoni.

Nthawi yomwe injini ingayambike imatsimikiziridwa ndi chithunzi pa dashboard. Pomwe chizindikiro cha pulagi yowala (spiral pattern) chilipo, masilinda akuyamba kutentha. Chizindikirocho chikatuluka, mukhoza kugwedeza choyambira. M'magalimoto ena, injini imayamba mosavuta pamene kuwerengera kwa speedometer kuyatsa pa boardboard yamagetsi. Nthawi zambiri chidziwitso ichi pa dashboard chimawoneka chithunzi cha spiral chikatuluka.

Magalimoto ena amakono ali ndi kachitidwe kamene kamakhala kopanda ma coil. Izi zimachitika ngati injini yatentha kale mokwanira. Palinso zosintha za makandulo omwe amazimitsa nthawi yomweyo choyambira chikatsegulidwa. Amatentha kwambiri kotero kuti atazimitsa kutentha kwawo kotsalira kumakhala kokwanira kuti atsimikizire kutentha koyenera kwa mpweya mu masilinda mpaka injini itenthe.

Njira yonse yowotchera mpweya imayendetsedwa ndi chipangizo chowongolera zamagetsi. Imasanthula zizindikiro za kutentha kwa injini yokhayo komanso yoziziritsira ndipo, molingana ndi izi, imatumiza ma siginecha kumayendedwe otenthetsera (amatseka / amatsegula magetsi a makandulo onse).

Ngati ozungulira pa dashboard sazimitsidwa pambuyo pa nthawi yoikika kapena kuyatsanso, izi zikuwonetsa kulephera kwa relay matenthedwe. Ngati sichidzasinthidwa, pulagi yowala idzatentha kwambiri ndipo pini yake yotentha idzayaka.

Mitundu yambiri yamapulagi owala

Mapulagi onse owala a injini za dizilo amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri:

• Pinani kandulo. Mkati, mankhwalawa amadzazidwa ndi magnesium oxide. Chodzaza ichi chimakhala ndi zozungulira zopangidwa ndi aloyi yachitsulo, chromium ndi faifi tambala. Ichi ndi chinthu chotsutsa, chifukwa chomwe kandulo imatha kutentha kwambiri ndikugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali pansi pa katundu wotere;
• Kandulo ya Ceramic. Zogulitsa zoterezi ndizodalirika, chifukwa zitsulo zomwe zimapangidwira nsonga ya kandulo zimatha kupirira kutentha mpaka madigiri 1000.

Kuti mukhale odalirika kwambiri, mapulagi owala amatha kuphimbidwa ndi silicone nitrate.

Zifukwa zolephera

Pulagi yoyaka injini ya dizilo imatha kulephera pazifukwa ziwiri:

1. Pankhani ya kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo lamafuta, mwachitsanzo, kulephera kwa matenthedwe kulephera;
2. Kandulo yakonza gwero lake.

Kuzindikira kwa heater kuyenera kuchitika pamtunda uliwonse wa 50-75 zikwi zikwi. Mitundu ina ya makandulo imatha kufufuzidwa nthawi zambiri - pafupifupi ikafika makilomita 100. Ngati mukufuna kusintha kandulo imodzi, ndi bwino kusintha zinthu zonse.

Zinthu zotsatirazi zimakhudza nthawi ya makandulo:

• Kutsekeka kwa nozzle. Pamenepa, jekeseni wamafuta amatha kutulutsa mafuta m'malo mopopera mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri jeti yamafuta ozizira a dizilo imagunda nsonga yotentha ya kandulo. Chifukwa cha madontho akuthwa oterowo, nsongayo imawonongeka msanga.
• Spark plug idayikidwa molakwika.
• M'kupita kwa nthawi, ulusi wa kandulo umamatira ku ulusi wa kandulo bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzichotsa. Ngati simukusamalira ulusi musanachotse kandulo, ndiye kuti kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kusweka kwa mankhwalawa.
• Kuwotcha kwamafuta komwe kunalephera kumapangitsa kuti koyilo ya makandulo ikhale yotentha. Pachifukwa ichi, chinthucho chikhoza kufooketsa kapena kuwotcha spiral yokha.
• Kuwonongeka mu gawo lolamulira lamagetsi, chifukwa chake njira yogwiritsira ntchito makandulo idzakhala yolakwika.

Zizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwa mapulagi oyaka

Zizindikiro za spark plugs zoyipa ndi izi:

• kuwonongeka kwa nsonga;
• Kusintha kapena kutupa kwa chubu chowala;
• Mapangidwe aakulu wosanjikiza wa mwaye pa nsonga.

Zolakwika zonsezi zimazindikirika poyang'ana ma heaters. Koma kuti mumvetsere momwe makandulo alili, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa ntchito ya mphamvu yamagetsi. Zina mwa zovuta:

• Kuyamba kovuta kozizira. Kuyambira nthawi yachisanu kapena yachisanu ndi chimodzi galimoto imayamba (ma cylinders amawotcha chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwamphamvu kwa mpweya, koma izi zimatenga nthawi yaitali kuposa pamene mpweya umatenthedwa ndi makandulo).
• Utsi wochuluka kuchokera ku chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya. Mtundu wa utsi ndi buluu ndi woyera. Chifukwa cha zotsatirazi ndikuti kusakaniza kwa mpweya ndi mafuta sikuwotcha kwathunthu, koma kumachotsedwa pamodzi ndi utsi.
• Kusakhazikika kwa injini yoziziritsa pogwira ntchito. Nthawi zambiri izi zimatsagana ndi kugwedezeka kwa injini, ngati kuti ikuyenda. Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti kandulo imodzi siigwira ntchito bwino kapena siigwira nkomwe. Chifukwa cha izi, kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya mu silinda imeneyo sikuyatsa kapena kuyatsa mochedwa.

Chifukwa china chomwe chimalepheretsa mapulagi owala msanga ndi zinthu zomwe zili ndi vuto.

Momwe mungayang'anire mapulagi owala?

Pali mitundu iwiri yamapulagi owala:

1. kuyatsa pafupifupi nthawi iliyonse injini ikayamba (momwe magalimoto akale amakhalira)
2. sangayatse kutentha

Kuti mupeze kutentha kwa injini ya dizilo, m'pofunika kufotokozera kutentha komwe chipinda choyaka chimatenthedwa, komanso mtundu wanji wa kandulo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ndodo (chosinthira chitsulo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chotenthetsera) kapena ceramic (ufa wa ceramic umagwiritsidwa ntchito chotenthetsera)

Matenda a mapulagi mu injini dizilo ikuchitika ntchito:

• kuyang'anitsitsa
• batri (liwiro ndi mtundu wa incandescence)
• woyeserera (popumira pakuthira kwamoto kapena kukana kwake)
• mababu oyatsa (yopuma pakatenthedwe)
• kunyezimira (kwa mitundu yakale yamagalimoto, chifukwa imatha kuwononga ECU)

Mayeso osavuta kwambiri ndi mayeso a ma conductivity; m'malo ozizira, kandulo iyenera kuyendetsedwa mumayendedwe a 0,6-4,0 ohms. Ngati n'kotheka kupeza makandulo, ndiye kuti chipangizo chilichonse chimatha kuyang'ana kupuma (kukana kudzakhala kosatha). Ngati pali kulowetsedwa (osati kukhudzana) ammeter, ndiye inu mukhoza kuchita popanda kuchotsa spark plugs mu injini. Ngati makandulo onse alephera nthawi imodzi, ndiyenso ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kandulo yowongolera kandulo ndi mabwalo ake.

Momwe mungayang'anire mapulagi owala popanda kumasula (pa injini)

Oyendetsa galimoto ena, osafuna kumasula makandulo kuti asawawononge ndikufulumizitsa ndondomekoyi, yesetsani kuyang'ana momwe ma heaters amachitira popanda kuwachotsa mu injini. Chinthu chokhacho chomwe chingayang'ane motere ndi kukhulupirika kwa waya wamagetsi (kodi pali voteji pa kandulo kapena ayi).

Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyali yowunikira kapena tester poyimba. Mapangidwe amagetsi ena amakulolani kuti muwone ngati kandulo imodzi ikugwira ntchito. Kuti tichite izi, jekeseni wamafuta ndi wosasunthika ndipo kudzera pachitsime chake amawoneka ngati kandulo ikuyaka ndi kuyatsa kapena ayi.

Momwe mungayesere pulagi yowala ndi babu

Njira iyi si nthawi zonse yophunzitsa mokwanira kuti ikhazikitse kusagwira ntchito kwa kandulo inayake. Kuti muchite izi, babu yaing'ono ya 12-volt ndi mawaya awiri ndizokwanira.

waya wina amalumikizana ndi kukhudza kumodzi kwa babu ndi batire yabwino. Waya wachiwiri amalumikizidwa ndi kukhudzana kwina kwa babu ndipo amalumikizidwa m'malo mwa waya wolumikizira pulagi. Ngati kandulo yachotsedwa pachitsime, thupi lake liyenera kukhudza batire yoyipa.

Ndi kandulo yogwira ntchito (chowotcha chotenthetsera sichili bwino), kuwala kuyenera kuyaka. Koma njira iyi imakulolani kuti mudziwe kukhulupirika kwa koyilo yotentha. Za momwe zimagwirira ntchito bwino, njira iyi siyinena. Pokhapokha mwanjira ina izi zidzawonetsedwa ndi kuwala kocheperako kwa babu.

Momwe mungayesere mapulagi owala ndi multimeter

Multimeter imayikidwa kuti ikhale yotsutsana ndi kuyeza. Waya wamagetsi amachotsedwa pa kandulo. Izi zitha kukhala waya payekha kapena basi wamba pamakandulo onse (pankhaniyi, basi yonse imachotsedwa).

Kufufuza kwabwino kwa multimeter kumalumikizidwa ndi terminal ya electrode yapakati ya kandulo. Kufufuza koyipa kumalumikizidwa ndi thupi la kandulo (mbali). Ngati chowotchera chatenthedwa, singano ya multimeter sidzapatuka (kapena palibe manambala omwe adzawonekere pachiwonetsero). Pankhaniyi, kandulo iyenera kusinthidwa.

Chinthu chabwino chiyenera kukhala ndi kukana kwinakwake. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa spiral, chizindikirochi chidzawonjezeka, ndipo kumwa kwapano kudzachepa. Ndi pa malo awa kuti gawo lamagetsi lamagetsi mu injini zamakono likuyang'ana.

Ngati mapulagi onyezimira ali olakwika, kukana kwawo kudzakhala kwakukulu, kotero kuti amperage idzachepa msanga, ndipo ECU idzazimitsa mapulagi musanayambe kutentha kwa mpweya mu masilinda. Pazinthu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, chizindikiro chotsutsa chiyenera kukhala cha 0.7-1.8 ohms.

Njira ina yowonera makandulo ndi multimeter ndikuyezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti tichite zimenezi, multimeter chikugwirizana mu mndandanda (mawonekedwe ammeter wakhazikitsidwa), ndiye kuti pakati electrode chapakati kandulo ndi waya woperekera.

Pambuyo pake, injini imayamba. Kwa masekondi angapo oyambirira, multimeter idzawonetsa mphamvu zamakono zamakono, chifukwa kukana kwa spiral ndikochepa. Pamene ikuwotha kwambiri, kukana kwake kudzakhala kokulirapo ndipo kumwa kwamakono kudzatsika. Pakuyezetsa, kuwerengedwa kwa madzi omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyenera kusintha bwino, popanda kudumpha.

Chekecho chimachitika pa kandulo iliyonse popanda kuichotsa pagalimoto. Kuti muthe kudziwa chomwe chili cholakwika, zowerengera zama multimeter pa kandulo iliyonse ziyenera kulembedwa ndikufaniziridwa. Ngati zinthu zonse zikugwira ntchito, ndiye kuti zizindikirozo ziyenera kukhala zofanana momwe zingathere.

Kuyang'ana mapulagi owala ndi batri

Njirayi idzawonetsa chithunzi chomveka bwino cha mphamvu ya kandulo. Zimakuthandizani kuti muwone momwe kandulo ikuwotchera. Chekecho chiyenera kuchitidwa pa zinthu zomwe sizinapangidwe kuchokera ku injini. Ichi ndiye drawback kiyi wa matenda amenewa. Mapangidwe a ma motors ena salola kuthyola makandulo mosavuta.

Kuti muyese ma heaters, mudzafunika waya wolimba. Kudula kwa 50 centimita kokha ndikokwanira. Kandulo imatembenuzidwa ndipo electrode yapakati imayikidwa pamalo abwino a batri. Waya amalumikiza mbali ya thupi la kandulo ku terminal yoyipa. Popeza kandulo yogwira ntchito iyenera kukhala yotentha kwambiri, chifukwa cha chitetezo iyenera kuchitidwa ndi pliers, osati ndi manja opanda manja.

Pa kandulo yogwiritsidwa ntchito, nsongayo idzawala ndi theka ndi zina. Ngati nsonga ya chowotchera isanduka yofiira, ndiye kuti kandulo sikutenthetsa bwino mpweya wolowa mu silinda. Chifukwa chake, chinthucho chiyenera kusinthidwa ndi chatsopano. Ngati, pambuyo m'malo otsiriza makandulo galimoto wayenda pafupifupi makilomita zikwi 50, ndiye muyenera kusintha akonzedwa lonse.

Kuyang'ana kowoneka kwa mapulagi owala

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi ma spark plugs pa injini ya petulo, zovuta zina za injini yokha, dongosolo la mafuta, ndi zina zotero zingadziwike ndi momwe mapulagi amawalira mu unit dizilo.

Koma musanayambe kuyang'ana makandulo, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti atsekedwa mwamphamvu m'zitsime. Kupanda kutero, kusalumikizana bwino ndi nyumba zamagalimoto kungapangitse ma heaters kuti agwire bwino ntchito.

Popeza zinthu zowotcha ndizosalimba, pakuyika makandulo, torque yoyenera iyenera kuwonedwa, yomwe ikuwonetsedwa patebulo:

Kutalika kwa ulusi, mm:	Kuyimitsa torque, Nm:
8	8-15
10	15-20
12	20-25
14	20-25
18	20-30

Ndipo tebulo ili likuwonetsa kulimbitsa kwa mtedza wolumikizana:

Kutalika kwa ulusi, mm:	Kuyimitsa torque, Nm:
4 (M4)	0.8-1.5
5 (M5)	3.0-4.0

Pulagi yowala iyenera kuthetsedwa ngati kuyesa kokhala ndi ma multimeter kukuwonetsa kusagwira bwino ntchito.

Reflow nsonga

Pali zifukwa zingapo zolepherera izi:

1. Kuponderezana kochepa kapena kuyatsa mochedwa kumapangitsa kuti nsonga itenthe;
2. jekeseni mafuta oyambirira;
3. Kuwonongeka kwa valavu yamagetsi yamafuta. Pamenepa, galimotoyo idzayenda ndi phokoso losakhala lachibadwa. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti vuto liri mu valve yokakamiza, nati yamafuta imachotsedwa ndi injini ikuyenda. Kuchokera pansi pake sikungapite mafuta, koma thovu.
4. Kuphwanya kwa atomization yamafuta chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa socket ya nozzle. Ntchito ya injectors mafuta kufufuzidwa pa choyimira chapadera, amene amakulolani kuona mmene nyali aumbike mu yamphamvu.

kuwonongeka kwa spark plug

Ngati vuto la makandulo likuwonekera ndi mtunda waung'ono wagalimoto, ndiye kuti zofooka zawo monga kutupa kwa thupi, zizindikiro za kutenthedwa kapena ming'alu zimatha kuyambitsa:

1. Kulephera kwa relay matenthedwe. Chifukwa chakuti sichizimitsa kandulo kwa nthawi yayitali, imatentha kwambiri (nsongayo idzasweka kapena kusweka).
2. Kuwonjezeka kwamagetsi pamakina oyendetsa galimoto (nsonga idzaphulika). Izi zitha kuchitika ngati pulagi ya 24-volt ilowetsedwa mu netiweki ya 12-volt molakwika. Komanso, vuto lofananalo likhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi ntchito yolakwika ya jenereta.
3. Jekeseni wolakwika wamafuta (padzakhala wosanjikiza waukulu wa mwaye pa kandulo). Chifukwa cha izi chikhoza kukhala phokoso lotsekedwa, chifukwa chomwe mafuta samapopera, koma amawombera pamwamba pa kandulo. Komanso, vuto likhoza kukhala mu ntchito yolakwika ya unit control (zolakwika panthawiyi kapena kupopera).

Momwe mungayesere cholumikizira chowala

Ndikoyenera kumvetsera ntchito ya relay matenthedwe, ngakhale kuyika makandulo atsopano sikunathandize kuthetsa kuyamba kovuta kwa injini yozizira. Koma musanayambe kusintha zinthu zodula za makina otenthetsera mpweya, muyenera kuyang'ana momwe ma fuse alili - amatha kungophulika.

Kutumiza kwamafuta mu injini ya dizilo kumafunika kuyatsa / kuzimitsa ma heaters. Pamene dalaivala atembenuza kiyi mu choyatsira choyatsira kuti atsegule makina oyendetsa galimoto, kudina kosiyana kumamveka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti relay matenthedwe wagwira ntchito - anayatsa makandulo kutentha chisanadze chipinda cha yamphamvu mutu.

Ngati kudina sikunamveke, ndiye kuti kulandilako sikunagwire ntchito. Koma zimenezi sizikutanthauza kuti chipangizocho ndi cholakwika. Vuto likhoza kukhala mu zolakwika za unit control, mu kuthamanga kwa mawaya, kulephera kwa masensa a kutentha kwa dongosolo lozizira (zonsezi zimadalira mtundu wa magetsi ndi makina oyendetsa galimoto).

Ngati, pamene fungulo latembenuzidwa mu chowotcha choyatsira, chizindikiro cha spiral pa tidy sichiyatsa, ndiye kuti ichi ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha kulephera kwa imodzi mwa masensa omwe atchulidwa kapena fuseji.

Kuti muwone momwe mawotchi amagwiritsidwira ntchito, muyenera kuwerenga bwino chithunzi chojambulidwa pachombo cha chipangizocho, chifukwa kutengerako kulikonse kungakhale kosiyana. Chithunzicho chikuwonetsa mtundu wa olumikizana nawo (owongolera ndi okhotakhota). Mpweya wa 12 volts umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa relay, ndipo dera pakati pa kuwongolera ndi kukhudzana ndi mafunde limatsekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito nyali yoyesera. Ngati relay ili bwino, kuwala kumayatsa. Kupanda kutero, koyiloyo idawotchedwa (nthawi zambiri izi ndizovuta).

Dizilo Glow Plug Quick Check

Kanemayo, pogwiritsa ntchito Citroen Berlingo (Peugeot Partner) monga chitsanzo, akuwonetsa momwe mungapezere mwachangu pulagi yosweka:

Njira yosavuta komanso yachangu kwambiri yowonera mapulagi oyaka pa injini ya dizilo

Njirayi imakupatsaninso mwayi wodziwa ngati pali kupuma kwa filament spiral. Za momwe kutentha kumagwirira ntchito moyenera, njirayi sikukulolani kukhazikitsa. Ndikoyeneranso kulingalira kuti pa injini zamakono za dizilo zomwe zili ndi gawo lamagetsi lamagetsi, njira iyi sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa kompyuta ikhoza kuzimitsidwa.

Malangizo Posankha Mapulagi Owala

Popeza mtundu womwewo wagalimoto ukhoza kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagetsi, mapulagi owala mu injini za dizilo zotere amatha kusiyana. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti ndi zidziwitso zamitundu yambiri yokhudzana ndi opanga osiyanasiyana, ma heaters amatha kusiyana ndi kukula.

Kuti mupewe kuyika kolakwika kapena kuwonongeka mwachangu kwa mapulagi owala, ndikofunikira kusankha magawo monga momwe wopanga amapangira. Njira yabwino yopezera njira yoyenera ndikuyang'ana makandulo ndi nambala ya VIN. Kotero inu mukhoza kusankha molondola spark plug yomwe siidzakhala yoyenera kuyika, komanso idzakhala yogwirizana ndi unit control ndi magetsi a galimoto.

Posankha mapulagi atsopano oyaka, muyenera kuwaganizira:

1. Zida
2. Mtundu wa kugwirizana kwa magetsi;
3. Liwiro ndi nthawi ya ntchito;
4. Kutentha nsonga ya geometry.

Malangizo odzisinthira okha mapulagi owala

Kuti musinthe mapulagi oyaka nokha, mudzafunika:

• Socket ndi wrench;
• Ratchet kwa mutu;
• Zikwangwani;
• Chowongolera;
• Magolovesi;
• Kutentha kwakukulu ndi mafuta a graphite.

Ndondomeko ndi motere:

1. Chophimba cha pulasitiki chimachotsedwa pamoto (ngati pali chinthu chofanana pamwamba pa galimotoyo);
2. Batire yazimitsidwa;
3. Waya woperekera amachotsedwa (akupukutidwa ndi nati pamagetsi apakati a kandulo);
4. Yeretsani nyumba zamagalimoto pafupi ndi zitsime za spark plug kuti zinyalala zisalowe m'masilinda pakugwetsa kapena kukhazikitsa mapulagi atsopano;
5. Makandulo akale amachotsedwa mosamala;
6. Tsukani ulusiwo ngati uli wakuda. Pofuna kuti zinyalala zisalowe mu silinda, mungagwiritse ntchito chotsukira galimoto ndi burashi yolimba (osati yachitsulo);
7. Mafuta odzola amathandiza kuyika kandulo m'chitsime kuti ulusi usathyole ngati pali dzimbiri pachitsime.

Ngati zidakhala zofunikira kusintha kandulo imodzi kapena ziwiri, ndiye kuti zonsezo ziyenera kusinthidwa. Chifukwa chake sikudzakhala kofunikira kugwira ntchito yogwetsa pamene kandulo yakale yotsatira ikulephera. Muyeneranso kuthetsa chifukwa cha kulephera msanga kwa kandulo.

Kanema pa mutuwo

Pomaliza, kanema wachidule wokhudza mapulagi owala a injini ya dizilo:

Injini ya Dizilo MMENE MUNGASINKHA M'MALO OGWIRITSA NTCHITO Mapulagi / Dizilo Owala

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Momwe mungayang'anire makandulo popanda kuwachotsa? Kuti muchite izi, mufunika voltmeter (mode pa multimeter) kapena babu 12-volt. Koma ichi ndi cheke choyamba. Sizingatheke kuyang'ana kwathunthu popanda kumasula injini.

Ndingayang'ane bwanji ngati mapulagi owala akupeza mphamvu? Waya wa nyali ya 12-volt imalumikizidwa ndi batri (terminal +), ndipo kukhudzana kwachiwiri kumalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi pulagi ya kandulo (waya wabwino wa kandulo uyenera kuchotsedwa).

Kodi mungamvetse bwanji kuti mapulagi owala sakugwira ntchito? Kumayambiriro kozizira kumakhala utsi wambiri. Mpaka injiniyo ifika kutentha kwa ntchito, imapanga phokoso lalikulu. Cold ICE ndi yosakhazikika. Kuchepetsa mphamvu kapena kuchuluka kwamafuta.