Kupanga injini zamagalimoto amagetsi

Zigawo ziwiri zazikulu za injini yamagalimoto yamagetsi

Galimoto yamagetsi imagwira ntchito mosiyana ndi mtundu wamafuta. Choncho, galimoto yamagetsi imagwirizanitsidwa ndi batri, yomwe imasamutsira panopa. ... Izi zimapanga mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imapanga magetsi, omwe adzasandulika kukhala mphamvu zamakina. Kenako galimotoyo idzatha kuyenda. Pachifukwa ichi, kupanga galimoto yamagetsi nthawi zonse kumasonyeza kukhalapo kwa zigawo ziwiri: rotor ndi stator.

Udindo wa stator

izi gawo lokhazikika galimoto yamagetsi. Cylindrical, ili ndi zopuma zolandirira ma coils. Ndi iye amene amalenga mphamvu ya maginito.

Udindo wa rotor

Ichi ndiye chinthu chomwe chidzachitike tembenuza ... Itha kukhala ndi maginito kapena mphete ziwiri zolumikizidwa ndi ma conductor.

Zabwino kudziwa: Kodi ma hybrid motors ndi magetsi amasiyana bwanji?

Galimoto yamagetsi ya hybrid imagwira ntchito limodzi ndi mtundu wamafuta. Izi zikutanthawuza kupanga kosiyana monga momwe ma motors awiriwa ayenera kukhalira limodzi (malumikizidwe, mphamvu) ndikuchita (kukhathamiritsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu). Galimoto yamagetsi idzakhala ndi injini yopangidwa ndi maonekedwe a galimotoyo m'maganizo.

Synchronous kapena asynchronous motor?

Kuti apange galimoto yamagetsi yamagetsi, opanga ayenera kusankha imodzi mwa njira ziwiri:

Synchronous Motor Manufacturing

Mu motor synchronous, rotor ndi maginito kapena electromagnet yomwe imayenda pa liwiro lofanana ndi mphamvu ya maginito. ... Motor synchronous imatha kuyambitsidwa ndi injini yothandizira kapena chosinthira zamagetsi. Kuyanjanitsa pakati pa rotor ndi stator kudzateteza kutaya mphamvu. Magalimoto amtunduwu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto amagetsi akutawuni omwe amafunikira mota yomwe imayankha bwino pakusintha kwa liwiro komanso kuyimitsa pafupipafupi ndikuyambira.

Asynchronous motor kupanga

Imatchedwanso induction motor. Stator idzayendetsedwa ndi magetsi kuti ipange maginito ake. ... Ndiye kuyenda kosalekeza kwa rotor (kuphatikiza apa ndi mphete ziwiri) kumasinthidwa. Sizingagwirizane ndi liwiro la mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imayambitsa kutsetsereka. Kuti injini ikhale yabwino, slip iyenera kukhala pakati pa 2% ndi 7%, kutengera mphamvu ya injini. Injiniyi ndiyabwino kwambiri pamagalimoto opangidwa kuti aziyenda maulendo ataliatali komanso otha kuthamanga kwambiri.

Mbali ya galimoto yamagetsi yomwe ili ndi rotor ndi stator ndi gawo la kufalitsa magetsi ... Chidachi chimaphatikizanso chowongolera mphamvu zamagetsi (zinthu zofunika kuti injiniyo iyambirenso ndikuwonjezeranso) komanso kutumiza.

Mukufuna thandizo kuti muyambe?

Kudziwika kwa maginito okhazikika komanso mota yodziyimira payokha

Ndizothekanso kupanga ma motors amagetsi amagetsi amagetsi okhala ndi maginito osatha. Ndiye idzakhala synchronous motorization, ndipo rotor idzapangidwa ndi chitsulo kuti ipange mphamvu ya maginito nthawi zonse. ... Chifukwa chake, injini yothandizira imatha kuperekedwa. Komabe, mapangidwe awo amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimatchedwa "rare earths" monga neodymium kapena dysprosium. Ngakhale kuti ndizofala kwambiri, mitengo yawo imasinthasintha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kudalira zipangizo.

Kuti alowe m'malo mwa maginito okhazikika awa, opanga ena akusintha kupita ku ma motors osangalatsa osakanikirana. ... Izi zimafuna kupanga maginito ndi koyilo yamkuwa, yomwe imafuna kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira zina zopangira. Tekinoloje iyi ndiyodalirika chifukwa imachepetsa kulemera kwa injini, ndikupangitsa kuti ipange torque yayikulu.

Regenerative braking, kuphatikiza kwa mota yamagetsi

Mosasamala kanthu za momwe magalimoto amagetsi amapangidwira, amakhala ndi zotsatira zosinthika. Za ichi injini imakhala ndi inverter ... Chifukwa chake, mukachotsa phazi lanu pagalimoto yamagetsi yamagetsi, kutsikako kumakhala kolimba kuposa mtundu wakale: izi zimatchedwa regenerative braking.

Polimbana ndi kusinthasintha kwa mawilo, galimoto yamagetsi sikuti imangolola braking, komanso imasintha mphamvu ya kinetic kukhala magetsi. ... Izi zimapangitsa kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kwa mabuleki, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu komanso kuwonjezera moyo wa batri.

Ndipo batire mu zonsezi?

Sizingatheke kukambirana za kupanga injini zamagalimoto amagetsi popanda kuganizira za batri yofunikira kuti ziyendetse. Ngati ma motors amagetsi amayendetsedwa ndi AC, mabatire amatha kusunga DC wapano. Komabe, mutha kulipiritsa batire ndi mitundu yonse iwiri yamakono:

AC recharge (AC)

Izi ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ogulitsira magalimoto amagetsi omwe amaikidwa m'nyumba za anthu kapena ma terminals ang'onoang'ono. Pambuyo pake, recharging ndizotheka chifukwa chosinthira pagalimoto iliyonse. Kutengera mphamvu, nthawi yolipira idzakhala yayitali kapena yayifupi. Nthawi zina mumayenera kusintha kulembetsa kwanu kwamagetsi kuti mulole kuti recharge iyi ndi zida zina ziziyenda nthawi imodzi.

Kulipiritsa nthawi zonse (pakali pano)

Malo ogulitsira awa, omwe amapezeka pamayendedwe othamanga m'malo amisewu, ali ndi chosinthira champhamvu kwambiri. Yotsirizirayi imakulolani kuti muyike batire yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 50 mpaka 350 kW.

Chifukwa chake, ma mota onse amagetsi amafunikira chosinthira magetsi kuti athe kusintha batire la DC kukhala AC yapano.

Kupanga kwa injini zamagalimoto amagetsi kwapita patsogolo kwambiri pazaka khumi zapitazi. Synchronous kapena Asynchronous: Mota iliyonse ili ndi zabwino zake zomwe zimalola ma mota amagetsi kuti agwirizane ndi mzinda komanso maulendo ataliatali. Ndiye zomwe mukufunikira ndikuyimbira katswiri kuti akhazikitse malo ochapira kunyumba ndikusangalala ndi njira yoyendera zachilengedwe iyi.