Chifukwa chiyani BMW idasinthira injini ya hydrogen ndimaselo amafuta?
nkhani,  Chipangizo chagalimoto

Chifukwa chiyani BMW idasinthira injini ya hydrogen ndimaselo amafuta?

BMW imawona hydrogen ngati ukadaulo wolonjeza mgulu lalikulu lamagalimoto ndipo ipanga BMW X2022 yokhala ndi ma cell ang'onoang'ono mu 5. Izi zidatsimikiziridwa ndi wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wa kampani yaku Germany yamaukadaulo a hydrogen, Dr.Jürgen Guldner.

Opanga ena ambiri, monga Daimler, posachedwapa asiya kugwiritsa ntchito hydrogen m'galimoto zonyamula anthu ndipo akungoyipanga ngati yankho la magalimoto ndi mabasi.

Mafunso ndi oimira kampani

Msonkhano wa atolankhani wa kanema, atolankhani ochokera m'magazini otsogola otsogola adafunsa mafunso angapo okhudza tsogolo la injini za hydrogen m'masomphenya amakampani. Nazi zina mwa malingaliro omwe abwera pamsonkhano wapaintaneti womwe unachitika koyambirira kwa kupatula.

“Timakhulupirira kuti tili ndi ufulu wosankha,” akufotokoza motero Klaus Fröhlich, membala wa BMW Research and Development Board. "Akafunsidwa kuti ndi galimoto yanji yomwe ikufunika lero, palibe amene angapereke yankho lomwelo kumadera onse padziko lapansi ... Tikufuna kusinthasintha."

Chifukwa chiyani BMW idasinthira injini ya hydrogen ndimaselo amafuta?

Malinga ndi Fröhlich, tsogolo la magalimoto ang'onoang'ono a mumzinda ku Ulaya lili ndi magalimoto amagetsi oyendetsedwa ndi batri. Koma kwa zitsanzo zazikulu, haidrojeni ndi yankho labwino.

Zochitika zoyamba za hydrogen

BMW yakhala ikupanga hydrogen drive kuyambira 1979 ndi 520h yoyamba ndipo kenako idakhazikitsa mitundu ingapo yoyesera mzaka za m'ma 1990.

Chifukwa chiyani BMW idasinthira injini ya hydrogen ndimaselo amafuta?

Komabe, amagwiritsira ntchito hydrogen wamadzimadzi wootcha mu injini yoyaka yapakatikati. Kampaniyo idasintha njira zake ndipo, kuyambira 2013, yakhala ikupanga ma hydrogen mafuta cell (FCEV) mogwirizana ndi Toyota.

Chifukwa chiyani mwasintha machitidwe anu?

Malinga ndi a Dr. Gouldner, pali zifukwa ziwiri zowerengera izi:

  • Choyamba, makina amadzimadzi a haidrojeni akadali ndi mphamvu yotsika ya injini zoyaka mkati - 20-30% yokha, pomwe mphamvu yama cell amafuta ndi 50 mpaka 60%.
  • Chachiwiri, madzi a hydrogen ndi ovuta kusunga kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo amafunikira mphamvu zambiri kuti aziziziritsa. Gasi ya haidrojeni imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maselo amafuta pa 700 bar (70 MPa).
Chifukwa chiyani BMW idasinthira injini ya hydrogen ndimaselo amafuta?

Tsogolo la BMW i Hydrogen Next lidzakhala ndi mafuta okwanira 125 kW ndi mota yamagetsi. Mphamvu yathunthu yamagalimoto idzakhala 374 ndiyamphamvu - yokwanira kusunga chisangalalo choyendetsa chomwe chidalonjezedwa ndi chizindikirocho.

Nthawi yomweyo, kulemera kwa galimoto yamagalimoto yamafuta kumakhala kocheperako poyerekeza ndi ma hybrids omwe ali ndi plug-in (PHEV), koma osachepera kulemera kwa galimoto yamagetsi yathunthu (BEV).

Zolinga zopanga

Mu 2022, galimotoyi ipangidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono ndipo sigulitsidwa, koma iperekedwa kwa ogula kuti ayesedwe zenizeni.

"Zinthu monga zomangamanga ndi kupanga haidrojeni sizinali zabwino zokwanira mndandanda waukulu," -
Anatero Klaus Fröhlich. Kupatula apo, mtundu woyamba wa hydrogen udzawonetsedwa mu 2025. Pofika chaka cha 2030, kampaniyo ikhoza kukhala yambiri yamagalimoto.

Dr. Gouldner adagawana malingaliro ake kuti zomangamanga zitha kukula mwachangu kuposa momwe amayembekezera. Mudzafunika pamagalimoto ndi mabasi. Sagwiritsa ntchito mabatire kuti achepetse mpweya. Vuto lalikulu limakhudza kupangidwa kwa hydrogen.

Chifukwa chiyani BMW idasinthira injini ya hydrogen ndimaselo amafuta?
Dr. Gouldner

Lingaliro la "chuma cha hydrogen" limachokera pakupanga kwake ndi electrolysis kuchokera kuzinthu zowonjezeredwa. Komabe, njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri - gawo lopanga zombo zazikulu za FCEV zikuyenera kupitilirapo mphamvu zonse zadzuwa ndi mphepo ku Europe.

Mtengo ulinso chinthu china: lero njira yamagetsi yamagetsi imawononga pakati pa $ 4 ndi $ 6 pa kilogalamu. Nthawi yomweyo, hydrogen, yomwe imapezeka kuchokera ku gasi wachilengedwe ndi chomwe chimatchedwa "kutembenuka kwa nthunzi kukhala methane", imawononga pafupifupi dola imodzi pa kg. Komabe, mitengo ikhoza kutsika kwambiri m'zaka zikubwerazi, Gouldner adati.

Chifukwa chiyani BMW idasinthira injini ya hydrogen ndimaselo amafuta?

"Pogwiritsa ntchito haidrojeni ngati mafuta, pali kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mphamvu - choyamba muyenera kuzipanga kuchokera kumagetsi, kenako kuzisunga, kuzinyamula ndikuzibwezeretsanso kukhala magetsi," -
akufotokoza wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wa BMW.

"Koma zovuta izi nthawi yomweyo ndi zabwino. Hydrojeni imatha kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, kwa miyezi ingapo, ndipo imatha kunyamulidwa mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito gawo limodzi la mapaipi omwe alipo. Sizovuta kuzifikitsa kumadera omwe mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso zili zabwino kwambiri, monga kumpoto kwa Africa, ndikuzibweretsa ku Europe kuchokera kumeneko. ”

Kuwonjezera ndemanga