Kusiyana pakati pa mota wamagetsi ndi injini yotentha
Chipangizo cha injini

Kusiyana pakati pa mota wamagetsi ndi injini yotentha

Kusiyana pakati pa mota wamagetsi ndi injini yotentha

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa injini yotentha ndi mota wamagetsi? Chifukwa ngati wophunzitsayo apeza funsoli mosapita m'mbali, ma newbies ambiri atha kukhala ndi mafunso okhudza izi ... Komabe, sitingokhala ndi mwayi wongoyang'ana injini, koma tiwunikanso mwachangu kufalitsako kuti timvetsetse nzeru. mitundu iwiri iyi ya matekinoloje.

Onaninso: Chifukwa chiyani magalimoto amagetsi amathamanga bwino?

Mfundo zazikulu

Choyamba, ndikufuna ndikukumbutseni kuti mphamvu za injini ndi ma torque, pamapeto pake, ndi data yogawanika. Inde, kunena kuti injini ziwiri ndi mphamvu 200 HP. ndi 400 Nm ya torque ndizofanana, sizowona… 200 hp ndi 400 Nm ndi mphamvu pazipita zoperekedwa ndi injini ziwirizi, osati deta zonse. Kuti tifanizire injini ziwirizi mwatsatanetsatane, ma curve amphamvu / torque a aliyense ayenera kufananizidwa. Chifukwa ngakhale ma motors awa ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, omwe ndi mphamvu yomweyo ndi nsonga za torque, azikhala ndi ma curve osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake mapindikidwe a injini ya imodzi mwama injini awiriwo azikhala okwera kuposa enawo motero azitha kuchita bwino pang'ono ngakhale amawoneka ofanana pamapepala ... injini ya dizilo ndiyowoneka bwino kuposa injini yamafuta. mphamvu yomweyo, ngakhale ndikuvomereza kuti chitsanzo chaperekedwa apa si changwiro (makokedwe pazipita ayenera kukhala osiyana kwambiri, ngakhale mphamvu ya injini onse ofanana).

Werengani komanso: Kusiyana pakati pa Makokedwe ndi Mphamvu

Zigawo ndi magwiridwe antchito amagetsi ndi magetsi

Galimoto yamagetsi

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi chinthu chosavuta, mota wamagetsi imagwira ntchito chifukwa cha mphamvu yamagetsi, yomwe ndi "mphamvu yamagetsi" kwa iwo omwe samvetsetsa mfundoyi. M'malo mwake, mwatha kudziwa kuti chikondi chimatha kupanga maginito ena mukalumikizana, ndipo zowonadi, mota wamagetsi imagwiritsa ntchito njirayi kuyenda.

Ngakhale mfundoyi imakhalabe yofanana, pali mitundu itatu yamagetsi yamagetsi: DC mota, cholumikizira cholumikizira AC (chozungulira chomwe chimazungulira mothamanga mofanana ndi chomwe chikuperekedwa ndi ma coil), ndi asynchronous AC (chozungulira chozungulira pang'ono pang'ono) kutumizidwa pano). Chifukwa chake, palinso ma mota opukutidwa ndi opanda mabulashi, kutengera ngati ozungulira amathandizira madzi (ndikasuntha maginito pafupi nawo, ngakhale osalumikizana, madziwo amawoneka) kapena amapatsirana (momwemo ndiyenera kubaya thupi msuzi mu chokulungira ndipo motero ndimapanga cholumikizira chomwe chimalola kuzungulira mozungulira: burashi yomwe imafinya ndikulola madzi kudutsa ngati sitima yolumikizidwa ndi zingwe zamagetsi kuchokera pamwamba pogwiritsa ntchito levers yotchedwa pantograph).

Chifukwa chake, mota wamagetsi imakhala ndi magawo ochepa kwambiri: "rotor yozungulira" yomwe imazungulira mu stator. Imodzi imakoka mphamvu yamagetsi pamagetsi ikalozera kwa iyo, ndipo inayo imachita ndi mphamvuyo motero imayamba kuzungulira. Ngati sindibaya jakisoni watsopano, mphamvu yamaginito sidzazimiranso chifukwa chake palibe chomwe chingasunthe.

Pomaliza, imapatsidwa magetsi, kusinthasintha kwamakono (msuzi umapita mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo) kapena mosalekeza (m'malo mosinthasintha pano nthawi zambiri). Ndipo ngati mota yamagetsi itha kupanga 600 hp, mwachitsanzo, itha kukhala 400 hp. pokhapokha ngati sililandira mphamvu zokwanira ... Batire lomwe ndi lofooka kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, lingalepheretse kugwira ntchito kwa injini ndipo mwina siligwira ntchito. amatha kukulitsa mphamvu zake zonse.

Onaninso: momwe mota yamagalimoto yamagetsi imagwirira ntchito

Injini yotentha

Kusiyana pakati pa mota wamagetsi ndi injini yotentha

Injini yotentha imagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a thermodynamic. Kwenikweni, imagwiritsa ntchito kufutukuka kwa mpweya wotentha (wina amatha kunena kuti, woyaka) mpweya kuti usinthe mbali zama makina. Kusakaniza kwa mafuta ndi oxidizer kwatsekedwa m'chipindacho, chilichonse chimayaka, ndipo izi zimayambitsa kukulira kwamphamvu kwambiri chifukwa chake zimapanikizika kwambiri (zomwezi za ozimitsa moto pa Julayi 14). Kukula kumeneku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza chowombacho posindikiza ma cylinders (psinjika).

Onaninso: ntchito ya injini yotentha

Kutumiza kwa mota wamagetsi VS injini yotentha

Monga mukudziwa mosakayikira, ma mota amagetsi amathamanga kwambiri. Kotero, khalidweli linapangitsa akatswiri kuti asiye gearbox (pakadali kuchepa, kapena kuchepa, choncho lipoti), lomwe likuchepetsa mtengo wa galimoto (ndi chifukwa chake kudalirika). Zindikirani, komabe, kuti zotsatirazi ziyenera kubweretsa lipoti lachiwiri pazifukwa zogwirira ntchito komanso kutentha kwamoto, izi zikugwiranso ntchito ndi a Taycan.

Chifukwa chake, pali phindu lalikulu pano chifukwa injini yotentha idzawononga nthawi kusuntha magiya ndi bonasi yowonjezera ya makokedwe ochepetsedwa.

Chifukwa chake, pakuchira, uwu ndi mwayi, chifukwa nthawi zonse timakhala pamagetsi pamagetsi, popeza pali imodzi yokha. Pa makina otentha, zikufunika kuti mupeze makina oyenera kwambiri ndikuloleza gearbox kuti izichita zokhazokha (kukankha kuti ikwaniritse magwiridwe antchito), ndipo izi zimataya nthawi.

Mwachidule, titha kunena kuti mota yamagetsi imakhala ndi mphamvu / torque curve imodzi ikamathamanga, pomwe injini yotentha imakhala ndi zingapo (kutengera kuchuluka kwa magiya), kulumpha kuchokera kumodzi kupita kwina chifukwa cha bokosi lamagiya.

Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi motsutsana ndi VS

Zipangizo zamagetsi zamagetsi komanso zamagetsi zimangosiyana kwambiri pakufalitsa, komanso zilibe njira zofananira zotumizira mphamvu ndi makokedwe.

Magalimoto amagetsi amakhala otakata kwambiri chifukwa amatha kuthamangathamanga kwambiri kwinaku akukhala ndi makokedwe apamwamba kwambiri komanso mphamvu. Chifukwa chake, kukhazikika kwake kwa torque kumayambira pamwamba ndikutsika kokha. Mphamvu yamagetsi imakwera mwachangu kwambiri kenako pang'onopang'ono imagwa mukakwera mpaka.

NJIRA YOPHUNZITSA YOPHUNZITSIRA

Nayi mapindikira a injini yotentha yachikale. Nthawi zambiri, ma torque ndi mphamvu zambiri zimakhala pakati pa rev range (zimagwirizana, onani ulalo kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyo). Pa injini ya turbocharged, izi zimachitika chapakati, ndi injini yolakalaka mwachilengedwe, mpaka pamwamba pa tachometer.

Magetsi oyendetsa magetsi

Injini yotenthetsera imakhala ndi piritsi yosiyana kotheratu, yokhala ndi torque yayikulu ndi mphamvu zomwe zimapangidwa mugawo laling'ono la rev. Chifukwa chake tidzakhala ndi bokosi la gear kuti tigwiritse ntchito mphamvu / torque pachimake pagawo lonse lokwera. Liwiro lozungulira (liwiro lalikulu) limakhala lochepa chifukwa chakuti tikugwira ntchito ndi zitsulo zolemera kwambiri ndipo kufuna kuti ma frequency agalimoto azikwera kwambiri kumawononga magawo omwe amatha kupota (liwiro lochulukirapo limawonjezera kukangana) chifukwa chake kutentha komwe kumatha kupanga magawo. "ofewa" chifukwa cha "kusungunuka" pang'ono). Chifukwa chake, tili ndi chosinthira cha petrol (malire oyaka) komanso mafupipafupi a jakisoni pa dizilo.

Kunena zowona, injini yotentha imakhala ndi liwiro lalikulu lochepera 8000 rpm, pomwe mota yamagetsi imatha kufikira 16 rpm ndimphamvu yamagetsi pamphamvu zonsezi. Injini yotentha imakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso makokedwe ang'onoang'ono pamagetsi othamanga.

Kusiyanitsa komaliza: tikadzafika kumapeto kwa ma curve amagetsi, tazindikira kuti amagwa mwadzidzidzi. Malirewa amakhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa AC komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mizati yamagalimoto. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mukafika pazothamanga kwambiri, simudzatha kupitilirapo, chifukwa mota imapangitsa kulimbana. Ngati titapitilira liwiro ili, tidzakhala ndi mabuleki amphamvu omwe angakulepheretseni.

Ndemanga imodzi

Kuwonjezera ndemanga