Kuwerengera koyendetsa galimoto: Ma injini a Ford EcoBoost

Kuyambitsa 2,3 EcoBoost Ford Mustang ndi 1,0 EcoBoost engine

Ford Mustang itakhala galimoto yamasewera yogulitsidwa kwambiri ndipo 1.0 EcoBoost injini yaying'ono yapambana mphotho ya Injini ya Chaka kachitatu mkalasi mwake, tinaganiza zakuwuzani zambiri za mphamvu yaukazitape woyamba ndi waung'ono wamiyala itatu yamphamvu.

The Ford Mustang 2,3 EcoBoost injini zinayi yamphamvu ndi mkulu-chatekinoloje wagawo kuti alibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa kuyendetsa galimoto ngati chizindikiro. Koma zimakwaniritsa zonsezi chifukwa cha mayankho otsimikiziridwa kale a makina ena a EcoBoost, kuphatikizapo mbambande yaing'ono ya EcoBoost 1,0.

Mfundo yakuti kuyambika kwa injini ya 2,3 yamphamvu mu Mustang yatsopano kumawoneka ngati yosamvetseka kumatanthauza kuti tikukhaladi mu nthawi zosangalatsa za kusintha kofulumira komanso kwakukulu. Komabe, zimachitika mofulumira kwambiri kotero kuti sizilola munthu kutengera njira yosasinthika ya zochitika zotsatizana nazo. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti injini yamasewera ya 1.0-lita sichokera kwa aliyense, koma kuchokera ku Ford yatsimikiziridwa kale yochepetsera maestro. Zoona zake n'zosatsutsika - posachedwapa 1,0 EcoBoost analandira mutu wa "International Engine of the Year mu kalasi mpaka 2,7 lita" kwa kachisanu motsatana, ndipo pamaso anapambana mphoto mtheradi "International Engine of the Year" atatu. nthawi, zomwe palibe amene adazidziwa chifukwa cha ukadaulo wake. makampani alephera. Mwina Ford ankazengereza kupereka Mustang latsopano ndi eyiti yamphamvu V-3,5 injini, amene, ngakhale kusinthidwa, tsopano ndi makina zakale kuti mosavuta m'malo ndi mmodzi wa mayunitsi EcoBoost asanu yamphamvu ndi turbocharger awiri (100 EcoBoost) ndi 5,0, XNUMX EcoBoost ). Ndizowona kuti ngakhale zazikulu kwambiri sizingathe kutulutsa phokoso lapadera la octave, koma ndizowonanso kuti mtundu wake wamphamvu kwambiri umapereka XNUMXNm, kuposa XNUMXNm ya Ti-VCT.

Mulimonsemo, titha kunena motsimikiza kuti mu mawonekedwe awa V-XNUMX imayimba nyimbo yake ya swan, kaya timakonda kapena ayi.

M'malo mwake, zaka 30 zapitazo, Ford idadabwitsa makampani amagalimoto aku America popereka Mustang yothamanga kwambiri, mtundu wa SVO, osati ndi zazikulu zisanu ndi zitatu koma zokhala ndi turbocharged 2,3-lita inline injini. Inde, ndiko kulondola - voliyumu yomweyo ndikudzaza monga 2,3 EcoBoost yatsopano. Kenako nthawi imadzinenera yokha - malamulo aku US akuchulukirachulukira - ndipo injiniyo idatengera galimoto yomwe idapangidwa mwachilengedwe kuchokera pamzere wa Ford. Komabe, tiyenera kutchula mfundo yochititsa chidwi kuti mphamvu ya makinawa - ngakhale kutanthawuza kwakukulu kwa mawu omwe ali kumbuyo kwa SVO, kapena dzina lodziwika bwino la Special Vehicle Operations - ndi 175 hp yokha, yomwe ikuwoneka ngati yopusa pafupifupi kawiri kukula kwake. nambala mu mustang watsopano.

Monga mzere wonse wama unit wotsika, Ford imagwiritsa ntchito modzichepetsera koma, potengera, mawu othandiza kwambiri, EcoBoost, ndi injini ya 2,3-lita yochokera ku XNUMX litre unit yakhala ikukula kwambiri kwa zaka zitatu. ... Injiniyo idapangidwa kuti igwirizane ndi kufalikira kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo, motero siziyenera kudabwitsa kuti imawonekera nthawi imodzi pagalimoto yoyenda kutsogolo. Lincoln MKC ndi Mustang.

EcoBoost ikuyenda mokwanira.

Pamene mainjiniya a Ford adavumbulutsa injini yawo ya 1,0 EcoBoost itatu-cylinder turbo kwa gulu laukadaulo mchaka cha 2012, zidawonekabe ngati zamanyazi kwa ambiri. Kenako idapambana mphotho ya International Engine of the Year kwa zaka zitatu zotsatizana - zomwe sizinachitikepo m'mbiri yonse yazaka 16 za mpikisano. Kuphatikiza pa izi ndi zaka zisanu motsatizana (kuphatikiza 2016) pomwe adapambana mutuwo mkalasi mwake. Bob Fazetti, wamkulu wa chitukuko cha injini pakampani ya blue oval, akuti sanaganizepo kuti injiniyo ingakhale yopambana chonchi. Pamene, kumayambiriro kwa gawo la chitukuko cha galimoto iyi, ndiye mutu wa dipatimenti injini, ndipo tsopano apamwamba mu ulamuliro wa Ford, Barb Samardzic, anapereka lingaliro latsopano kwa gulu la oyang'anira Detroit, mmodzi wa mabwana amakayikira ngakhale. anafunsa, sichoncho iye? kumveka ngati makina osokera. Ndipotu, kusankha kulenga si kophweka ndi sitepe ndithu molimba mtima, chifukwa umisiri wa turbocharging ndi jekeseni mwachindunji si koma mokwanira bwino, osachepera Ford injiniya. Ndipo kuwaphatikiza mu makina oterowo ndikudumpha mosadziwika. Yoyamba pamzere wamainjini ocheperako, 3.5 EcoBoost siinjini yocheperako, chifukwa ndi mtundu wamphamvu kwambiri wa injini yachilengedwe yomwe inalipo panthawiyo.

Tsopano Ford ikukwaniritsa pafupifupi mitundu yonse yamagalimoto omwe amaperekedwa ndi mayunitsi otere, zikuwoneka kuti pali mayankho omveka bwino ku funso lamtsogolo la mayunitsi omwe akufuna mwachilengedwe. Komabe, mainjiniya amakampani akusiya mwayiwu, akuyang'ana kwambiri magalimoto pazolinga zamatauni, komwe sikofunikira kukhala ndi mphamvu zochuluka chonchi. Mwachitsanzo, mtundu wa injini yamphamvu itatu mwachilengedwe. Pankhani yowonjezera mphamvu komanso kuchepetsa mafuta, ukadaulo uwu ulibe njira ina mu injini zamafuta. Mbadwo wotsatira wa injini za EcoBoost, limodzi ndi injini zam'mbuyomu za EcoBoost 3,5, 1,0, 1,6 ndi 2,0, zikuphatikizapo 1,5 ndi 2,3 zinayi zamphamvu ndi 2,7 sikisi-silinda.

Yoyamba mwa izi, yomwe idavumbulutsidwa ku Geneva Motor Show mu 2014, ndikukula kwa injini ya 1,6-lita yomwe kusamutsidwa kwake kochepa kumakhala chifukwa chakuti injini zomwe zili ndi anthu osamuka m'munsi mwa malita 1,5 amasangalala ndi zolimbikitsa zamisonkho ku China. . Komabe, ndi galimoto yamakono kuposa msuweni wake wa 1,6-lita, ndi mphamvu yomweyo ya 150 ndi 180 hp. amapereka mafuta ochepa. M'badwo watsopanowu (wopangidwa ku Romania) umabwereka ukadaulo kuchokera kwa mnzake waung'ono wa 1,0 EcoBoost, monga kapangidwe katsopano kamutu kokhala ndi kuzizira bwino komanso mapaipi ophatikizika ophatikizika. 1,6 EcoBoost yokha inalowa m'malo mwa malita awiri omwe amafunidwa mwachibadwa 2,0 Duratec zaka zingapo zapitazo, ndipo 2.0 EcoBoost yaikulu inalowa m'malo mwa injini zazing'ono za V6 - makamaka m'mamodeli aku US ndi masewera a Focus ndi Mondeo. Injini yofunidwa mwachilengedwe ya 3,5-lita imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamagalimoto amtundu wa SUV, pickup ndi ma limousine apamwamba ndipo ili ndi 320 hp m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana. (542 Nm) mpaka 380 hp (624 NM).

1.0 EcoBoost

Mphamvu zambiri kuposa Bugatti Veyron

Sikuti idangopambana mphotho ya EcoBoost 1,0 International Engine of the Year katatu motsatizana, yalandiranso mphotho zina zambiri pamndandandawu. Pakadali pano, galimotoyi ili ndi mtundu wamphamvu kwambiri wamitundu ya Fiesta Zetec S Red ndi Black. Mwa iwo, alibe zochuluka kapena zosachepera 140 hp. Izi zikutanthauza mphamvu ya lita imodzi kuposa Bugatti Veyron. Ndi injini iyi, Fiesta imathamanga kuchokera ku 100 mpaka 9 km / h mumasekondi 4,49 ndikugwiritsa ntchito mozungulira 100 l / XNUMX km. Kuti tikwaniritse mphamvu zochulukazi, zozizwitsa zazing'onoting'onozi zakhala zikuphunzitsidwa mwatsopano, kuphatikizapo kukonza kwatsopano kwa Continental turbocharger control and open valve; intercooler ndi fulumizitsa valavu zasintha.

RPM ya turbocharger imafika ku 248, kawiri kawiri kuposa injini ya galimoto ya Formula 000. Komabe, makina anzeru awa amakhalabe ndi luso lapamwamba, osati kungoyankha mofulumira, komanso kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa 1 bar. Kuthamanga kwakukulu mu masilindala a injini ya lita imodzi ndi 1,6 bar. Pakuthamanga kwa njanji, ngakhale matembenuzidwe okhala ndi 124 ndi 180 hp amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo m'badwo watsopano wagalimoto imodzi mwa masilindala amayimitsidwa mumayendedwe pang'ono. Ndikwabwinodi kukhala ndi injini yamasilinda atatu yomwe ikuyenda pamasilinda awiri popanda kusokoneza malire ake.

2.3 EcoBoost

Chosangalatsa Chachinayi

Mwachidziwitso, ichi chikhoza kukhala choyendetsa m'munsi, koma ndithudi injiniyi sichikuvutika ndi kusowa mphamvu - ndi 314 HP. ndi 434 Nm ya makokedwe, iyi ndi yamphamvu kwambiri injini yamphamvu zinayi yamphamvu yomwe idapangidwapo ndi Ford. Mwina mtundu wa injini ndi chisankho chomanga ku Ulaya (pa chomera ku Valencia, Spain), koma chomera cha Ford ku Cleveland, Ohio chidzathandiza ndi kuwonjezeka kwa malonda.

Cholinga cha gulu la a Scott Makovski, wamkulu wamagawo anayi amisili padziko lonse lapansi, ndikuphatikizanso imodzi mu Mustang, koma galimoto siyimataya mphamvu. Ntchitoyi inkafuna kuti akavalo ayambe pa 3, ndipo timuyo idawononga 20 peresenti kuposa nthawi yofananira pakuwunika kwamakompyuta gawo loyamba lisanachitike. Makamaka amaperekedwa pakuyenda kwa mpweya muzitsulo ndi kuyaka, popeza kuchuluka kwa kupanikizika ndikokwera (9,5: 1), sitiroko ya pistoni ndi yayikulu (94 mm), ndipo m'mimba mwake ndi yaying'ono (87,55 mm). ). Kapangidwe kamtunduwu kumabweretsa kufunikira kwa kusanthula kwamlengalenga, ndipo kuwopsa kwa kusefukira kwamafuta pamakoma a silinda kumafunikira kupanga ma jakisoni okhala ndi mabowo asanu ndi limodzi ndi mawonekedwe osiyana a mphuno.

Monga mamembala ena onse am'banja la EcoBoost, injini ya 2,3-lita imakhala ndi nthawi yamagetsi, jakisoni molunjika pa bar 163 ndikudzaza mokakamiza kwa bala 1,7, zomwe ndizochulukanso kwambiri pamtundu wa injini. Pampu yamafuta ndi ma jakisoni amaperekedwa ndi Bosch ndipo amapanga ma jekeseni awiri poyambira kuzizira komanso mitundu yotsika kwambiri yosakanikirana ndi mafuta. Chipilala cha aluminiyamu chimaponyedwa ndikuyika zolumikizira zazitsulo zazitsulo ndi nthiti zingapo zakunja kuti zilimbikitse kapangidwe kake.

M'malo mwa zidendene zosiyana, zitsulo zazikuluzikulu zimagwiritsa ntchito chimango chothandizira, crankshaft imapangidwa ndi chitsulo, ndodo zolumikizira zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chonyezimira, ndipo ma pistoni opangidwa ndi aluminiyamu amakhala ndi zitsulo zachitsulo zomwe zimakhala ngati maziko a kusindikiza pisitoni. mphete. Mavavu amapangidwa kutsogolo kwa pisitoni yokha, ndipo mkati mwa pisitoni iliyonse imakhala ndi nozzle yoziziritsa yosiyana. Mutu wa silinda womwewo, ngati mnzake wawung'ono wamasilinda atatu, umaphatikizira zotulutsa zambiri pamutu, kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa kutentha kwa turbo komanso kutayika kwa gasi, komwe ma valve odzaza ndi sodium ndi mabedi olimbikitsidwa amawonjezeredwa.

Chofunika kwambiri pakupanga injiniyo ndikukhazikitsa kwa Honeywell turbocharger yatsopano. Zomangamanga ziwirizi zimasungabe mphamvu yayikulu yakumenyera masamba amphepo. Izi zimathandizanso magawo otsegulira ma valavu, popeza jekeseni wachindunji imalimbikitsa kutuluka bwino kwa mpweya muzitsulo, zomwe zimaperekanso gawo limodzi. Kuwongolera kwawo kumachitika kudzera mukuchotsa zida zamafuta mopanikizika ndipo zili pamadigiri 50. Kwa injini yayikulu yaying'ono yamphamvu inayi, shaft yolinganiza ndiyofunikira, yomwe, komabe, ndi yopangidwa ndi aluminium ndipo imapulumutsa makilogalamu 5 a kulemera.

Mwachidule

Ford 2.3 EcoBoost

Injini / Kusamutsidwa: 2,300-silinda, 3cc

Mahatchi 314 hp pa 5500 rpm

Nthawi lamba: DOHC, mavavu anayi pa yamphamvu iliyonse, polowera mafuta ndi magawo kubwereketsa, mavavu kuthamanga mafuta

Kuponderezana: 9,5: 1

Bore x Stroke: 87,55 x 94mm

Turbocharger: Honeywell Garret wapawiri ndege

Dongosolo jekeseni wamafuta: Bosch

Ntchito yomanga: zotayidwa ndi mutu wokhala ndi mapaipi ophatikizika otulutsa utsi