Nkhani za msika wowunikira magalimoto. Kodi ndi phindu kugula nyali zodula?
Mababu otsika mtengo kwambiri a H4 atha kugulidwa kumalo ogulitsira magalimoto ndi PLN 10 yokha. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zamakono zamakono kuchokera kumakampani otsogola zimatha kufika pa PLN 150-200. Kodi ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri chonchi?
Muyezo wa magawo otchuka kwambiri A, B ndi C pamsika ndikuwunikira kutengera nyali zachikhalidwe za halogen, nthawi zambiri zamtundu wa H1, H4 kapena H7. Makhalidwe awo ndi ofanana, kusiyana kumakhala makamaka mu mawonekedwe, omwe amasinthidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyali. Opanga ma automaker amayika mababu a halogen m'magalimoto oyambira chifukwa sawala kwambiri kuposa nyali za xenon, koma amawononga ndalama zochepa kwambiri.
Kutentha kumaipiraipira
Pogwiritsa ntchito galimoto tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi ntchito yoyendetsa usana ndi nyali zoviikidwa, zimachitika kuti mababu amawotcha pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri kapena itatu. Ndi chiyani chomwe chimasankha kudya kwawo?
Sebastian Popek, injiniya wa zamagetsi ku Honda Sigma wogulitsa magalimoto ku Rzeszow, choyamba amayang'anitsitsa momwe batire ilili.
- Funso lachiwiri ndi mtundu ndi zaka za nyali zakutsogolo. Mababu owala amayaka mwachangu mu biconvex, makamaka ang'onoang'ono, akale. Amakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu, makamaka pamene galimotoyo ndi yakale ndipo chowonetsera chataya katundu wake wonyezimira. Kutentha kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti babu litenthe msanga, zomwe zimafulumira kung'ambika, "akufotokoza Popek.
Kutentha kumene mababu amawotchera kumakhudzanso kuvala kwawo. Yaing'ono - H1 kutentha mwachangu komanso mwamphamvu kuposa yayikulu - H4. Chifukwa chake, omalizawo, monga lamulo, ayenera kukhala nthawi yayitali.
Zambiri: Opanga ma Automaker amasunga pa xenon. Iwo ndi okwera mtengo ndipo mochulukira akale
Kuvala mwachangu kwa mababu amagetsi kumatanthauza kuti madalaivala ambiri samayikamo ndalama zambiri.
- Nthawi zambiri amasankha katundu waku China, pa 4-6 zlotys iliyonse. Vuto ndiloti ndalama zomwe zimasungidwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoonekeratu. Nyali zotere zimakhala ndi moyo waufupi ndipo sizimapangidwa bwino. Ndizovuta kupeza zinthu ziwiri zofanana mu phukusi lonse. Nthawi zambiri mafelemu amakhala okhotakhota ndipo kumangirira si perpendicular kwa galasi olamulira. Pambuyo pakusintha kulikonse, muyenera kupita kumalo opangira matenda kuti muwongolere nyali zakutsogolo, akutero Andrzej Szczepański, mwiniwake wa malo ogulitsira magalimoto ku Rzeszow. Amawonjezeranso kuti mababu otsika mtengo amathanso kusweka poyendetsa.
- Ndikudziwa milandu pamene makasitomala amayenera kukonza kapena kusintha nyali pazifukwa izi. Mababu achikhalidwe koma odziwika ndi abwinoko, amawononga pafupifupi PLN 20-30 pa seti iliyonse. Zapangidwa bwino, zotetezeka komanso zolimba," akuwonjezera wogulitsa.
Kuwala kwa wovuta
Zatsopano pamsika ndi nyali zomwe zimapereka kuwala kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, Philips wangowonjezera mndandanda wa ColourVision pazopereka zake. Awa ndi mababu oyamba achikuda omwe amaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku Europe. Iwo ndi abuluu, obiriwira, ofiirira ndi achikasu. Mtundu, komabe, ndi zotsatira zokongoletsa chabe. Kuwalako kulidi koyera, mpaka 60 peresenti kuposa babu wamba wamba.
Akatswiri a Philips amati zinthu zochokera mndandandawu zimawonjezera kuwoneka mpaka 25 metres.
- Timagwiritsa ntchito galasi la quartz kuti tipange nyali zathu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosagwirizana ndi chinyezi ndi kusinthasintha kwa kutentha. Chophimba chowonjezera chotsutsana ndi UV chimatchinga kuwala kwa UV, kuteteza nyali kuti zisawonongeke komanso chikasu. Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zamtundu zimapezeka muzowunikira zachikhalidwe. Iwo sali ovomerezeka kwa nyali za biconvex, akufotokoza Tarek Hamed, katswiri wa Philips.
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Nyali za ColorVision zimapezeka m'mitundu ya H4 ndi H7. Kutengera sitolo, mtengo wogulitsa wa seti ya H4 uli pafupi PLN 160-180. Muyenera kulipira pafupifupi 7 PLN pa zida za H200.
Mtsogoleri wina wamsika, Osram, ali ndi zachilendo zosangalatsa. Nyali zake za Night Breaker Unlimited zimatengedwa ngati zina mwa nyali zowala kwambiri za halogen padziko lapansi. Poyerekeza ndi nyali wamba ya incandescent, chitsanzochi chimapereka kuwala kowonjezereka kwa 90 peresenti, komwe kumakhala pafupifupi 10 peresenti yoyera. Wopangayo akuti chifukwa cha izi, mitundu yowunikira yawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 35 metres. Izi ndichifukwa chaukadaulo watsopano, wothandiza kwambiri popanga mphete zopotoka komanso mphete zabuluu. Nyalizo zimakhala ndi zomangira zagolide, zomwe zimayendetsa bwino kwambiri magetsi. Amapezeka m'mitundu ya H4, H7 ndi H11. Mtengo wa zida ndi pafupifupi PLN 45 wa H1 ndi H4 komanso pafupifupi PLN 60 pa H7.
za xenon
Nyali zatsopano za Xenarc D1S ndi D2S xenon, zomwe zilinso gawo la banja la Osram Night Breaker, zimapatsanso kuwala kwakukulu. Poyerekeza ndi zinthu zachikhalidwe, zimayenera kukulitsa mawonekedwe mpaka 20 m ndikupanga kuwala kopitilira 70%. Wopanga amati iyi ndiye xenon yowala kwambiri padziko lapansi. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, mapangidwe apadera a arc chubu analola wopanga kuti akwaniritse kutentha kwa mtundu wa 4350 K, womwe ndi wofanana kwambiri ndi masana. Chotsatira chake, nyali zakutsogolo zisalemetse anthu ena ogwiritsa ntchito misewu ndipo zidapangidwa kuti ziziwunikira bwino kwambiri misewu ndi misewu. Babu la nyali silikuphimbidwa ndi fyuluta ina yowonjezera yomwe imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuwala komwe kumapangidwa. Chitsanzo chamakono chidakalipo - Xenarc Cool Blue Intense, yomwe imatulutsa kuwala kwa bluer ndi kutentha kwa mtundu wa 5000 K. Mtengo wa Xenarc set ndi za PLN 500-600.
Onaninso: xenon kapena halogen? Ndi nyali ziti zomwe mungasankhe pagalimoto yanu?
Komanso, Philips imapereka zinthu zitatu zatsopano zowunikira xenon: Xenon Vision, Xenon BlueVision ndi Xenon X-tremeVision.
Ubwino wa wakale ndikuti umagwirizana ndi mtundu wa filament yakale, kulola kuti nyali yogwiritsidwa ntchito yokha ilowe m'malo. Xenon BlueVision imalengezedwa ndi Philips ngati nyali yomwe imatulutsa kuwala mpaka 10 peresenti yokhala ndi kutentha kwamtundu mpaka 6000K. Kwa munthu, mtundu wake ndi wotuwa.
- Xenon X-tremeVision ndiye nyali yamphamvu kwambiri ya xenon yomwe ilipo pamsika. Imatulutsa kuwala kwa 50 peresenti kuposa nyali zina chifukwa cha geometry yapadera ya chowotcha. Kuwala kwakutali kumatanthauza kuti mutha kuwona zoopsa pamsewu posachedwa, akutero Philips.
Mitengo ya ulusi imadalira mndandanda wazinthu ndi mtundu wagalimoto. Mwachitsanzo, pa Volkswagen Passat B6 ya 2006, zida zimadula: PLN 500 ya Vision, PLN 700 ya X-tremeVision ndi PLN 800 ya BlueVisionUltra.
Halogen ngati xenon
Opanga aganiziranso za oyendetsa magalimoto omwe sangakwanitse kusintha nyali zachikhalidwe ndi xenon. Philips imapereka ma ultralamp atsopano a BlueVision omwe amatulutsa kuwala pa 4000K. Ngakhale kuti mtundu wa buluu umakhala ndi zotsatira zamtundu wa buluu, izi ndizoposa 30 peresenti kuposa mankhwala achikhalidwe. Nyali zimapezeka mumitundu ya H1 ndi H7 ndi mtengo, kutengera sitolo, mozungulira PLN 70-100 pa seti.
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Malinga ndi zimango, iyi ndi njira yabwinoko kuposa zida zotsika mtengo zosinthira nyali zakutsogolo kukhala ngati xenon kunyumba.
- Kuti muyike xenon yosakhala yoyambirira, muyenera kukwaniritsa zinthu zambiri. Zida zoyambira ndi zida zagalimoto zomwe zimakhala ndi nyali yoyatsa homolog yomwe imasinthidwa kukhala chowotcha cha xenon. Kuphatikiza apo, galimotoyo iyenera kukhala ndi makina ochapira ma nyali akumutu komanso makina owongolera magetsi okhazikika potengera zonyamula katundu wagalimoto, akutero Rafał Krawiec wochokera ku Honda dealership ku Rzeszów.
Ananenanso kuti magalimoto ambiri okhala ndi ma xenon omwe si apachiyambi alibe zinthu izi, ndipo izi zitha kuyambitsa ngozi pamsewu.
“Makina osakwanira bwino amatha kuchititsa khungu madalaivala omwe akubwera,” akufotokoza motero.
Ndalama kulipira
Onaninso: Kugula galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito kuzizira, kapena kuti musanyengedwe?
Andrzej Szczepanski ndi Sebastian Popek amatsutsa kuti kuyika mababu abwino kumapindulitsa. Zogulitsa zodziwika bwino sizimangowala bwino, komanso zimakhala nthawi yayitali.
Komano, nyale zotsika mtengo nthawi zambiri zimatulutsa kuwala kolimba kudzera mu ulusi wocheperako, wosinthidwa komanso mphamvu zapamwamba. Amatentha mofulumira komanso mwamphamvu kwambiri, zomwe zimafulumizitsa kuvala kwawo. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti nthawi zonse muzigula zinthu zodula kwambiri, koma zotsika mtengo zimapewedwa, Popek akuti.
Governorate Bartosz
chithunzi ndi Bartosz Guberna
