Yesani injini Zatsopano za Mercedes: Gawo III - Petroli

Tipitilizabe mndandanda wamatchulidwe apamwamba aukadaulo wama mayunitsi

Injini yatsopano yamafuta asanu ndi imodzi yamtundu wa M 256

M256 imawonetsanso kubwerera kwa Mercedes-Benz pamzere woyambirira wazitsulo zisanu ndi chimodzi. Zaka zingapo zapitazo, M272 KE35 sikweya sikisi yamiyala yam'mlengalenga yokhala ndi jekeseni wazambiri (KE-kanaleinspritzung) idasinthidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi ngodya pakati pa mizere yama silinda a 90 madigiri ndi M276 DE 35 ndi jekeseni wachindunji (DE-direkteinspritzung ) ngodya ya 60 idalandiridwa kuchokera ku injini za Chrysler's Pentastar. Omwe adalowa m'malo awiriwo mwachilengedwe anali M276 DELA30 yokhala ndi zomangamanga za V6, ndikusunthika kwa malita atatu ndikukakamiza kukakamiza ndi ma turbocharger awiri. Ngakhale wachichepere wachichepereyu, a Mercedes adzalowetsa m'malo mwa injini yama silinda sikisi M 256, yomwe idali ndi magetsi 48 volt. Ntchito yayikuluyi ndikuyendetsa makina opanga magetsi omwe amathandizira turbocharger (yofanana ndi injini ya Audi ya 4.0 TDI) - yankho loyamba pagawo lamafuta. Mphamvu ndi Integrated Starter Generator (ISG), yomwe imalowa m'malo mwa flywheel ndi lithiamu-ion batri. Nthawi yomweyo, ISG imasewera gawo la mtundu wosakanizidwa, koma ndimphamvu yamagetsi yotsika kwambiri kuposa mayankho ofanana am'mbuyomu.

M'malo mwake, ndizofunika kwambiri pa injini yokhayo ndipo idapangidwa ngati gawo lake kuyambira pachiyambi cha ntchito yachitukuko panjinga. Ndi mphamvu yake ya 15kW ndi 220Nm ya torque, ISG imathandizira mathamangitsidwe amphamvu komanso torque yapamwamba kwambiri, limodzi ndi supercharger yamagetsi yomwe tatchulayi, kufika 70rpm mu 000ms. Kuphatikiza apo, makinawo amabwezeretsanso mphamvu panthawi ya braking, amalola kusuntha kosalekeza ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yokhayo komanso kugwira ntchito kwa injini pamalo abwino kwambiri okhala ndi katundu wapamwamba, motsatana ndi kutseguka kokulirapo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito batri ngati chotchingira. Ndi mphamvu ya 300 volt palinso ogula akuluakulu monga pampu yamadzi ndi compressor ya air conditioner. Chifukwa cha zonsezi, M 48 safuna makina ozungulira kuyendetsa jenereta, kapena choyambira, chomwe chimamasula malo kunja kwake. Chotsatiracho chimakhala ndi makina okakamiza odzaza ndi makina ovuta a mpweya wozungulira injini. M256 yatsopano idzakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo chaka chamawa mu S-Class yatsopano.

Chifukwa cha ISG, choyambira chakunja ndi jenereta zimasungidwa, zomwe zimachepetsa kutalika kwa injini. Kukonzekera koyenera ndi kulekanitsidwa kwa machitidwe olowera ndi kutulutsa mpweya kumathandizanso kuti pakhale dongosolo loyandikira la chothandizira ndi dongosolo latsopano loyeretsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono (zogwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka pano pokhapokha mu injini za dizilo). M'mawonekedwe ake oyambirira, makina atsopano ali ndi mphamvu ndi makokedwe omwe amafika pamlingo wa injini zamasilinda asanu ndi atatu ndi 408 hp. ndi 500 Nm, ndi kuchepetsa 15 peresenti mu mafuta ndi mpweya poyerekeza ndi panopa M276 DELA 30. Ndi kusamutsidwa ake 500 cc pa silinda, wagawo latsopano ali chimodzimodzi mulingo woyenera kwambiri, ndipo malinga BMW akatswiri, kusamutsidwa monga wa injini ya dizilo ya malita awiri yomwe idatulutsidwa chaka chatha ndi injini ya petulo ya malita awiri ya malita anayi.

Injini yatsopano, yaying'ono koma yamphamvu kwambiri ya 4.0 lita V8

Pofotokozera zomwe gulu lake lidapanga monga M 176 yatsopano, wamkulu wa dipatimenti yopanga mainjini asanu ndi atatu, a Thomas Ramsteiner, adalankhula modzikuza. "Ntchito yathu ndi yovuta kwambiri. Tiyenera kupanga injini yamphamvu eyiti yomwe imatha kukwana pansi pa C-Class. Vuto ndiloti ogwira nawo ntchito omwe akupanga mainjini amitengo inayi ndi isanu ndi umodzi amakhala ndi malo ambiri opangira zinthu monga kudya ndi kutulutsa mpweya ndikuzizira kwa mpweya. Tiyenera kumenya nkhondo ndi cubic sentimita iliyonse. Tayika ma turbocharger mkati mwa zonenepa ndi zoziziritsa mpweya patsogolo pawo. Chifukwa chakuchuluka kwa kutentha, timapitilizabe kufalitsa koziziritsa ndikupangitsa mafani kupitilira ngakhale injini itayimitsidwa. Pofuna kuteteza zida za injini, zochulukitsa komanso zotulutsa ma turbocharger ndizotenthetsera kutentha. "

M 176 ili ndi malo ocheperako kuposa omwe adakhazikitsidwa ndi M 278 (4,6 malita) ndipo amachokera ku AMG M 177 (Mercedes C63 AMG) ndi M 178 (AMG GT) yokhala ndi zotulutsa za 462 hp. mpaka 612 hp Mosiyana ndi omaliza, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa pa injini ya munthu mmodzi-m'modzi ku Affalterbach, M 176 idzagawidwa kwambiri, itasonkhanitsidwa ku Stuttgart-Untertürkheim ndipo poyamba idzakhala ndi mphamvu ya 476 hp, torque yaikulu ya 700 Nm. ndipo adzadya mafuta ochepera 10 peresenti. Mu gawo laling'ono, ichi ndi chifukwa cha mphamvu kuzimitsa zinayi zamphamvu zisanu ndi zitatu pa tsankho injini katundu. Zotsirizirazi zimachitidwa mothandizidwa ndi CAMTRONIC variable valve timing system, momwe ntchito ya masilindala anayi imasinthira ku njira yolemetsa kwambiri ndi valavu yotseguka yotseguka. Ma actuators asanu ndi atatu amasuntha zinthu ndi makamera kuti ma valve anayi a iwo asiye kutsegula. Njira yopangira ma silinda anayi imachitika mumayendedwe otsitsimula kuchokera ku 900 mpaka 3250 rpm, koma mphamvu ikafunika, imazimitsa mkati mwa milliseconds.

Pendulum yapadera ya centrifugal mu flywheel ili ndi ntchito yochepetsera mphamvu zogwedezeka zamtundu wachinayi mu ntchito ya 8-cylinder ndi mphamvu yachiwiri yogwedeza mu 4-cylinder operation. Kuchita bwino kwa thermodynamic kumapangidwanso bwino ndi kuphatikiza kwa biturbo charger ndi jakisoni wachindunji ndi jekeseni wapakati (onani bokosi) ndi zokutira za NANOSLIDE. Amalola jakisoni angapo kuti asakanizike bwino, ndipo injini yotsekedwa yotsekedwa imapangidwa ndi zotayira za aluminiyamu ndipo imapirira kukakamiza kwa bar 140.

Mafuta anayi a M-264 oyenda ndi Miller

Makina anayi atsopano a petrol turbocharger amachokera ku injini yofananira yofanana ndi M 256 ndipo ali ndi mapangidwe amodzimodzi. Malinga ndi Nico Ramsperger wochokera ku dipatimenti yama injini yamphamvu inayi, zachokera pa M 274 yatsopano, yomwe takambirana kale. Pogwiritsa ntchito injini mwachangu, turbocharger iwiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga AMG's M 133, ndipo mphamvu ya lita imatha 136 hp / l. Monga M 256 yokulirapo, imagwiritsa ntchito magetsi a 48-volt, koma mosiyana ndi akunja, yoyendetsedwa ndi lamba ndipo imagwira ntchito yoyambitsa magetsi, ikuthandiza galimoto kuyambitsa ndikuthamangitsa ndikuloleza kusintha kosinthika kwa malo ogwirira ntchito. Makina osinthira magasi amathandizira paulendo wathu wa Miller.

Zolemba: Georgy Kolev