Chowongolera chamagudumu onse a Haldex
Magalimoto,  Kutumiza galimoto,  Chipangizo chagalimoto

Chowongolera chamagudumu onse a Haldex

Ma automaker akuwonjezera zowonjezera zamagetsi pazida zamagalimoto amakono. Kukonzekera kotere ndi kuyendetsa galimoto sikunadutse. Zamagetsi zimalola makina ndi makina onse kuti azigwira ntchito molondola ndikuyankha mwachangu kwambiri pakusintha magwiridwe antchito. Galimoto yokhala ndi magudumu anayi itha kukhala ndi makina osunthira gawo lina la torque kupita pachitsulo chachiwiri, ndikupangitsa kuti likhale chitsulo chotsogola.

Kutengera mtundu wamagalimoto komanso momwe mainjiniya amathetsera vuto lolumikiza magudumu onse, kufalitsa kumatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe azodzitchingira (ndi chiyani kusiyanitsa, ndipo mfundo zake ndi zotani, akufotokozedwa mu ndemanga yapadera) kapena clutch yamitundu yambiri, yomwe mutha kuwerenga payokha... Pofotokozera mtundu wamagudumu onse, lingaliro la Haldex clutch lingakhalepo. Ndi gawo limodzi loyendetsa ma wheel wheel. Chimodzi mwazifanizo zama plug-in-wheel-drive ntchito zonse chifukwa chokhwima mosiyanasiyana - chitukuko chimatchedwa Torsen (werengani za njirayi apa). Koma makinawa ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyana pang'ono.

Chowongolera chamagudumu onse a Haldex

Taganizirani zomwe zili zapadera pamagawo opatsiranawa, momwe amagwirira ntchito, zovuta zina zomwe zilipo, komanso momwe mungasankhire zowalamulira zatsopano.

Kodi haldex lumikiza ndi chiyani

Monga tawonera kale, clutch ya Haldex ndi gawo limodzi la makina oyendetsa omwe ali ndi cholumikizira chachiwiri (kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo) komwe kumatha kulumikizidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa makinawo kuyendetsa magudumu anayi. Chigawo ichi zipangitsa kulumikizana yosalala ya chitsulo chogwira matayala pamene chachikulu pagalimoto mawilo kuterera. Kuchuluka kwa makokedwe kumatengera momwe clutch imakhalira mwamphamvu (zimbale mu kapangidwe ka makinawo).

Nthawi zambiri, makina oterewa amaikidwa pagalimoto momwe gudumu lakumaso limayendera. Galimoto ikagunda pamalo osakhazikika, mwanjira imeneyi, makokedwewo amapatsira mawilo akumbuyo. Woyendetsa sayenera kulumikiza makinawo pogwiritsa ntchito njira iliyonse. Chipangizocho chimayendetsa zamagetsi ndipo chimayambitsidwa pamiyeso yamakalata omwe amatumizidwa ndi unit control control. Mapangidwe enieni a makinawo adayikidwa kumbuyo kwa nyumba yofananira pafupi ndi kusiyanasiyana.

Chochititsa chidwi cha izi ndikuti sichimalepheretsa chitsulo chakumbuyo. M'malo mwake, zoyendetsa kumbuyo zimagwira ntchito pamlingo wina ngakhale magudumu akutsogolo ali ndi zokoka zabwino (momwemo, axle imalandirabe mpaka XNUMX% ya torque).

Chowongolera chamagudumu onse a Haldex

Izi ndizofunikira kuti makina azikhala okonzeka nthawi zonse kusamutsa nambala yofunikira ya Newtons / mita kumbuyo kwa galimoto. Kuchita bwino kwa kayendetsedwe ka galimoto ndi mawonekedwe ake amsewu kumadalira momwe kuchitapo kanthu kwamagudumu onse kumayendera mwachangu. Kuthamanga kwa machitidwewa kumatha kuletsa zovuta zadzidzidzi kapena kuyendetsa bwino. Mwachitsanzo, kuyamba kwa kuyenda kwa galimoto yotere kudzakhala kosavuta poyerekeza ndi wachibale woyendetsa kutsogolo, ndipo makokedwe ochokera kumagetsi adzagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera momwe angathere.

Maonekedwe olumikizana a Haldex V

Njira yabwino kwambiri mpaka pano ndi kulumikizana kwa m'badwo wachisanu wa Haldex. Chithunzichi pansipa chikuwonetsa momwe chida chatsopano chikuwonekera:

Poyerekeza ndi mbadwo wakale, kusinthaku kuli ndi machitidwe omwewo. Ntchitoyi ikuchitika motere. Pamene kutsekereza kwatsegulidwa (ili ndi lingaliro lachizolowezi, popeza pano kusiyana sikukutsekedwa, koma ma disc ndi clamp), paketi ya disc ndiyolumikizana, ndipo torque imafalikira kudzera chifukwa champhamvu yayikulu. Galimoto zowalamulira ntchito ndi hayidiroliki wagawo, amene amagwiritsa mpope magetsi.

Chowongolera chamagudumu onse a Haldex

Tisanayambe kulingalira za chipangizochi ndi mawonekedwe apadera a makinawo, tiyeni tidziwe mbiri ya chilengedwe cha clutch.

Ulendo wakumbiri

Ngakhale kuti kugwira ntchito kwa clutch ya Haldex sikunasinthe kwazaka zopitilira chimodzi, panthawi yonse yopanga makinawa adutsa mibadwo inayi. Lero pali kusintha kwachisanu, komwe, malinga ndi eni magalimoto ambiri, amadziwika kuti ndi abwino kwambiri pakati pa anzawo. Poyerekeza ndi mtundu wam'mbuyomu, m'badwo uliwonse wotsatira wayenda bwino kwambiri komanso ukadaulo waluso. Kukula kwa chipangizocho kudakhala kocheperako, ndipo liwiro loyankha lidakulanso.

Kupanga magalimoto okhala ndi ma axles oyendetsa awiri, mainjiniya apanga njira ziwiri zoyendetsera makokedwe ophatikizika. Yoyamba ikuletsa, ndipo yachiwiri ndiyosiyana. Yankho losavuta linali loko, mothandizidwa ndi chitsulo choyendetsa chachiwiri cholumikizidwa nthawi yoyenera. Izi zimachitika makamaka pankhani ya mathirakitala. Galimotoyi iyenera kugwira ntchito mofananamo pamisewu yolimba komanso yofewa. Izi zimafunikira chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito - thalakitala iyenera kuyenda momasuka panjira ya phula, ikafika komwe ikufunidwa, koma ndikupambana komweko iyenera kuthana ndi zovuta za mseu, mwachitsanzo, polima.

Ma axel adalumikizidwa m'njira zingapo. Ndikosavuta kukhazikitsa izi ndi mtundu wapadera wa cam kapena mtundu wamagiya. Kuti mutseke dalaivala, kunali koyenera kusuntha lokowo pamalo oyenera. Mpaka pano, pali zoyendera zofananira, chifukwa iyi ndi imodzi mwamitundu yosavuta yama plug-in.

Ndizovuta kwambiri, koma mopanda phindu pang'ono, kulumikiza mzere wachiwiri pogwiritsa ntchito makina ochitira zokha kapena zowonera zowoneka bwino. Pachiyambi choyamba, makinawo amathandizana ndi kusiyana kwa kusintha kapena makokedwe pakati pa mfundo zolumikizidwa ndikuletsa kutembenuka kwaulere kwa shafts. Kukula koyamba kunkagwiritsa ntchito milandu yosamutsa yokhala ndi zotchinga za freewheel. Chombocho chikapezeka pamalo olimba, makinawo anazimitsa mlatho umodzi. Mukamayendetsa m'misewu yosakhazikika, clutch idatsekedwa.

Zochitika zofananazi zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kale m'ma 1950 ku America. Pazoyendetsa zapakhomo, panali njira zingapo zosiyana. Chipangizocho chinali ndi zikopa zotseguka zotseguka pomwe mawilo oyendetsa sanathenso kulumikizana ndi msewu ndikutsetsereka. Koma katundu wolemera kwambiri, kufalitsa koteroko kumatha kuvutika kwambiri, chifukwa panthawi yolumikizana kwambiri yamagudumu onse, chitsulo chachiwiri chinali chodzaza kwambiri.

Popita nthawi, ma coupcous viscous adawonekera. Zambiri zokhudza ntchito yawo zafotokozedwa m'nkhani ina... Zatsopano, zomwe zidawonekera m'ma 1980, zidakhala zogwira mtima kwambiri mothandizidwa ndi kulumikizana kwa viscous kunali kotheka kupanga galimoto iliyonse yoyendetsa. Ubwino wa ntchitoyi umaphatikizapo kufewa kolumikiza chitsulo chachiwiri, ndipo chifukwa cha ichi dalaivala safunikira kuyimitsa galimoto - izi zimangochitika zokha. Koma nthawi yomweyo ndi mwayi uwu, kulumikizana kwa viscous sikungayang'aniridwe pogwiritsa ntchito ECU. Chosavuta chachiwiri ndichakuti chipangizocho chimatsutsana ndi dongosolo la ABS (werengani zambiri za izi kubwereza kwina).

Chowongolera chamagudumu onse a Haldex

Pakubwera kwa clutch yamipikisano yambiri, mainjiniya atha kubweretsa njira yogawiranso makokedwe pakati pa ma axel kufika pamlingo watsopano. Kupadera kwa njirayi ndikuti njira yonse yamagwiritsidwe amagetsi imatha kusinthidwa kutengera momwe msewu ulili, ndipo izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo ochokera ku zida zamagetsi.

Tsopano kulowetsa magudumu sichinthu chofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito machitidwe. Zamagetsi zimatsimikizira momwe injini imagwirira ntchito, kuthamanga kwa gearbox kumathamanga kwambiri, kumalemba zikwangwani kuchokera pama sensa osinthira ndalama ndi machitidwe ena. Zonsezi zimasanthulidwa ndi microprocessor, ndipo molingana ndi ma algorithms omwe adakonzedwa mufakitole, zimatsimikizika ndi mphamvu yomwe ikukakamiza chinthucho kuti chifinyidwe. Izi zithetsa kuchuluka komwe makokedwewa adzagawidwenso pakati pa ma axel. Mwachitsanzo, muyenera kukankhira galimoto ikayamba kukakamira ndi mawilo akutsogolo, kapena mosemphanitsa kuti kumbuyo kugwire ntchito galimoto ikakhala skid.

Mfundo ntchito ya m'badwo wachisanu Haldex onse gudumu pagalimoto (AWD) zowalamulira

M'badwo waposachedwa wa clutch yoyendetsa magudumu onse a Haldex ndi gawo la 4Motion system. Zisanachitike izi, makina olumikizira ma viscous adagwiritsidwa ntchito m'dongosolo. Izi zimayikidwa mu makina pamalo omwewo pomwe ma viscous coupling adayikidwapo. Imayendetsedwa ndi shaft shaft (kuti mumve zambiri za mtundu wanji wa magawo ake ndi momwe angagwiritsire ntchito, werengani apa). Kuchotsa mphamvu kumachitika malinga ndi unyolo wotsatira:

  1. ICE;
  2. CAT;
  3. Zida Main (chitsulo chogwira matayala kutsogolo);
  4. Cardan kutsinde;
  5. Kutsitsa kolowera kwa Haldex.

Pakadali pano, cholumikizira cholimba chimasokonezedwa ndipo palibe makokedwe omwe amaperekedwa kuma gudumu am'mbuyo (makamaka, amatero, koma pang'ono). Linanena bungwe kutsinde, olumikizidwa ndi chitsulo chogwira matayala kumbuyo, akhala pafupifupi ofooka. Kuyendetsa kumayendetsa mawilo am'mbuyo pokhapokha ngati clutch imamatira paketi ya disc yomwe idaphatikizidwamo kapangidwe kake.

Chowongolera chamagudumu onse a Haldex

Nthawi zonse, magwiridwe antchito a haldex coupling amatha kugawidwa m'magulu asanu:

  • Galimoto imayamba kuyenda... Ma diskisi a mikangano amatsekemera ndipo makokedwewo amaperekedwanso kumayendedwe am'mbuyo. Kuti tichite izi, zamagetsi zimatseka valavu yoyang'anira, chifukwa chake kuthamanga kwamafuta m'thupi kumakulira, komwe disc iliyonse imakanikizidwa motsutsana ndi yoyandikana nayo. Kutengera ndi mphamvu yoperekedwa pagalimoto, komanso ma siginolo ochokera kuma sensa osiyanasiyana, gawo loyang'anira limatsimikizira mulingo wanji wosamutsira torque kumbuyo kwa galimoto. Chizindikiro ichi chimatha kusiyanasiyana mpaka 100%, yomwe pamapeto pake imapangitsa kuti galimoto iziyenda kumbuyo kwakanthawi.
  • Kuterera kwa magudumu akutsogolo koyambirira kwa kuyenda... Pakadali pano, gawo lakumapeto kwa kachilomboka likulandila mphamvu yayikulu, chifukwa mawilo amtsogolo atayika. Ngati gudumu limazembera, ndiye kuti cholumikizira cholumikizira cholumikizira (kapena cholumikizira, ngati makinawa sali mgalimoto) chatsegulidwa. Pambuyo pake, zowalamulira zasinthidwa.
  • Kuthamanga kwanthawi zonse... Valavu yoyang'anira makina imatseguka, mafuta amasiya kuyendetsa pama hydraulic drive, ndipo mphamvu siyoperekedwanso kumtundu wakumbuyo. Kutengera momwe misewu ilili komanso magwiridwe antchito omwe woyendetsa adayambitsa (mgalimoto zambiri zomwe zili ndi makinawa, ndizotheka kusankha njira zoyendetsera mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamisewu), zamagetsi zimagawiranso mphamvu pamlingo wina m'mbali mwa nkhwangwa potsegula / kutseka valavu yoyang'anira hayidiroliki.
  • Kukanikiza chidule ndikuchepetsa galimoto... Pakadali pano, valavu idzakhala yotseguka, ndipo mphamvu zonse zimapita kutsogolo kwa kachilomboko chifukwa choti zotchinga zimamasulidwa.

Kuti mukweze galimoto yoyendetsa kutsogolo ndi dongosololi, muyenera kusintha kwambiri galimoto yanu. Mwachitsanzo, zowalamulira sizingatumize makokedwe popanda cholumikizira chilengedwe chonse. Kuti muchite izi, galimotoyo iyenera kukhala ndi ngalande kuti poyenda gawoli lisakakamire panjira. M'pofunikanso kuti m'malo thanki mafuta ndi analogue ndi lonse olowa mumphangayo. Malinga ndi izi, zidzakhalanso zofunikira kuyimitsa kuyimitsidwa kwa galimotoyo. Pazifukwa izi, kukhazikitsa kwama wheel wheel onse pagalimoto yoyenda kutsogolo kumachitika ku fakitore - ndizotheka kuchita zamakono munthawi ya garaja, koma zimatenga nthawi ndi ndalama zambiri.

Nayi tebulo laling'ono la momwe Haldex clutch imagwirira ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana oyendetsa (kupezeka kwa njira zina kumadalira mtundu wamagalimoto momwe plug-in-wheel drive imayikidwira):

Mawonekedwe:Kusintha kwamitundu yamagalimoto yakutsogolo ndi kumbuyo:Chofunika champhamvu pazitsulo zakumbuyo:Njira zowalamulira:Mitundu yobwera kuchokera ku masensa:
Galimoto yoimikidwaWamng'onoOsachepera (pakukhazikitsa kapena kuchotsa mipata ya disc)Zovuta zambiri zimayikidwa phukusi la disc, chifukwa chake zimakanikizidwa pang'ono.Kuthamanga kwa injini; Makokedwe; Malo oyendetsa galimoto kapena mpweya; Kutembenuka kwa magudumu kuchokera pa gudumu lirilonse (ma PC 4).
Galimoto ikufulumiraZazikuluZazikuluMphamvu yamafuta imakwera pamzere (nthawi zina mpaka pazipita)Kuthamanga kwa injini; Makokedwe; Malo oyendetsa galimoto kapena mpweya; Kutembenuka kwa magudumu kuchokera pa gudumu lirilonse (ma PC 4).
Galimoto ikuyenda mwachangu kwambiriOsacheperaOsacheperaMakinawa adatsegulidwa kutengera momwe zinthu zilili panjira komanso momwe amafotokozeraKuthamanga kwa injini; Makokedwe; Malo oyendetsa galimoto kapena mpweya; Kutembenuka kwa magudumu kuchokera pa gudumu lirilonse (ma PC 4).
Galimotoyo idagunda mseu wophulikaZosintha kuyambira zazing'ono mpaka zazikuluZosintha kuyambira zazing'ono mpaka zazikuluMakinawa ndi otsekeka, kuthamanga pamzere kumafikira mtengo wake waukuluKuthamanga kwa injini; Makokedwe; Malo oyendetsa galimoto kapena oyendetsa gasi; Kutembenuka kwa magudumu kuchokera pa gudumu lirilonse (ma PC 4); Zizindikiro zowonjezera kudzera pa CAN basi
Limodzi mwa mawilo ndi ladzidzidziSing'anga mpaka lalikuluOsacheperaAtha kukhala osakonzeka pang'ono kapena osafookeratuKuthamanga kwa injini; Makokedwe; Mpweya wamagetsi kapena malo oyendera gasi; Kutembenuka kwama Wheel pagudumu lililonse (ma PC 4); Zizindikiro zowonjezera kudzera pa CAN basi; Gulu la ABS
Galimoto imachedwetsaSing'anga mpaka lalikulu-ZosagwiraKuthamanga kwa magudumu (ma PC 4.); Gulu la ABS; Kusintha kwa ma brake
Galimotoyo ikukokedwaВысокая-Kuyatsira sikugwira ntchito, pampu sikugwira ntchito, clutch sikugwira ntchitoLiwiro la injini pansipa 400 rpm.
Diagnostics ya dongosolo la mabuleki pamtunda wodzigudubuzaВысокая-Poyatsira wazimitsa, zowalamulira sizikugwira ntchito, mpope sutulutsa mafutaLiwiro la injini pansipa 400 rpm.

Chipangizo ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu

Nthawi zonse, mapangidwe olumikiza a Haldex amatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:

  1. Mawotchi;
  2. Hayidiroliki;
  3. Zamagetsi.
Chowongolera chamagudumu onse a Haldex
1) Flange yokwera yoyendetsa chitsulo cham'mbuyo; 2) Valavu yachitetezo; 3) Gulu lowongolera pakompyuta; 4) Pisitoni ya Annular; 5) Pankakhala; 6) Tambasulani ma washer; 7) Mikangano yama disc; 8) Drum zowalamulira; 9) ofananira pisitoni mpope; 10) Woyang'anira wa Centrifugal; 11) Galimoto yamagetsi.

Iliyonse ya mkwati imapangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimadzipangira zokha. Tiyeni tiganizire gawo lirilonse padera.

Mankhwala

Chida chopanga chimakhala ndi:

  • Lowetsani kutsinde;
  • Ma drive akunja ndi amkati;
  • Malo ochezera;
  • Wodzigudubuza zogwiriziza, mu chipangizo chomwe chili ndi ma pistoni a annular;
  • Linanena bungwe kutsinde.

Gawo lirilonse limayendetsa mozungulira kapena mozungulira.

Pogwiritsa ntchito ma axles apambuyo ndi kumbuyo okhala ndi liwiro losiyanasiyana, ma disc akunja, pamodzi ndi nyumba, amasunthira pama roller wodzigudubuza okwera pa shaft yotulutsa. Ma rollers othandizira amalumikizana ndi gawo lomaliza la likulu. Popeza gawoli limakhala la wavy, mayendedwe ake amapereka kayendedwe kabwino ka pisitoni yothamanga.

Shaft yotuluka pa clutch imapangidwira ma disc amkati. Imakonzedwa ku likulu pogwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira, ndikupanga dongosolo limodzi ndi zida. Pakhomo la clutch pali mapangidwe omwewo (thupi lokhala ndi ma disc ndi ma roller wodzigudubuza), koma amapangidwira phukusi la zimbale zakunja.

Pakugwira ntchito kwa makinawo, pisitoni yonyamula imasunthira mafuta kudzera munjira zofananira ndikulowa mkati mwa pisitoni yogwira ntchito, yomwe imachoka pakapanikizika, kupondereza / kukulitsa ma disc. Izi zimathandizira kulumikizana kwamakina pakati pa ma axel kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo, ngati kuli kofunikira. The kuthamanga mzere ndi kusintha mavavu.

Hayidiroliki

Chipangizo cha hayidiroliki wa dongosolo tichipeza:

  • Mavavu Anzanu;
  • Mosungira mafuta akukumana ndi mavuto (zimadalira mbadwo wa zowalamulira);
  • Mafuta fyuluta;
  • Pisitoni yapadera;
  • Control vavu;
  • Choletsa choletsa.

Makina oyendetsera magetsi amayendetsedwa pomwe liwiro lamagetsi limafikira 400 rpm. Mafuta amawapopera ku pisitoni yotsetsereka. Zinthu izi zimapatsidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi mafuta ofunikira ndipo amachitiranso molimbika motsutsana ndi likulu.

Nthawi yomweyo, mafuta opangira mafuta amaperekedwa mopanikizika kudzera pamagetsi othamanga mpaka pisitoni yotsika. Liwiro zowalamulira ndi chifukwa chakuti mipata pakati pa chimbale masika-yodzaza ndi mavuto pang'ono mu dongosolo. Chizindikiro ichi chimasungidwa pamlingo wamatabwa anayi ndi chosungira chapadera (chosakanizira), koma pakusintha kwina gawo ili kulibe. Komanso, chinthuchi chimatsimikizira kufanana kwa kupanikizika, kuchotsa kuthamanga kwazitsulo chifukwa chobwezeretsa kayendedwe ka pistoni.

Nthawi yomwe mafuta amayenda atapanikizika kudzera pamagetsi otseguka ndikulowa mu valavu yantchito, cholumikizacho chimapanikizika. Zotsatira zake, gulu la ma disc, lokhazikika pamtundu wolozera, limapereka makokedwewo pagawo lachiwiri la ma disc, lokhazikika pamtondo. Kupanikizika, monga tawonera kale, zimadalira kukakamizidwa kwa mafuta pamzerewu.

Chowongolera chamagudumu onse a Haldex

Ngakhale valavu yowongolera imapereka kuwonjezeka / kuchepa kwamafuta, cholinga cha valavu yothandizira ndikuteteza kuwonjezeka kwakanthawi. Imayang'aniridwa ndi zizindikilo zochokera ku kutumizidwa kwa ECU. Kutengera momwe zinthu zilili panjira, zomwe zimafunikira mphamvu yake pachitsulo chakumbuyo kwagalimoto, valavu yoyang'anira imatsegulira pang'ono kukhetsa mafuta mu sump. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zowalamulira zizikhala zofewa momwe zingathere, ndipo kulumikizana kwake kumayambitsidwa munthawi yochepa kwambiri, popeza makina onse amayang'aniridwa ndi zamagetsi, osati ndi makina, monga momwe zimakhalira pakusintha kwamakaniko.

Zamagetsi

Mndandanda wa zigawo zikuluzikulu zamagetsi zowalamulira tichipeza masensa ambiri pakompyuta (chiwerengero chawo zimadalira chipangizo cha galimoto ndi kachitidwe amene anaikamo). Gawo lowongolera la Haldex limatha kulandira ma pulse kuchokera pama sensa otsatirawa:

  • Mawilo amatembenuka;
  • Kusintha kwadongosolo;
  • Malo osweka manja;
  • Kusinthana kwamitengo;
  • GAWO;
  • DPKV crankshaft;
  • Kutentha kwamafuta;
  • Malo oyatsira gasi.

Kulephera kwa imodzi mwama sensa kumabweretsa kugawa kolakwika kwa magetsi oyendetsa magudumu onse pama nkhwangwa. Zizindikiro zonse zimakonzedwa ndi gawo lowongolera, momwe ma algorithms ena amayamba. Nthawi zina, zowalamulirazo zimangosiya kuyankha, popeza microprocessor sakulandila chizindikiritso chofunikira kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa clutch.

M'mayendedwe a hydraulic pali gawo loyendetsa lolumikizidwa ndi valavu yoyang'anira. Ichi ndi pini yaying'ono, yomwe imakonzedwa ndi mota yama servo mota, yomwe imagwira ntchito. Chida chake chimakhala ndi gudumu lamagiya yolumikizidwa ndi pini. Chizindikiro chochokera ku gawo lolamulira chikalandilidwa, mota imakweza / kutsitsa tsinde, potero kukulitsa kapena kuchepa kwa njira. Njirayi imafunika kuteteza valavu yoletsa kutaya mafuta ochulukirapo poto.

Mibadwo yophatikizira ya Haldex

Tisanayang'ane m'badwo uliwonse wa clutch ya Haldex, m'pofunika kukumbukira momwe plug-in-wheel-drive drive imasiyanirana ndi yokhazikika. Pankhaniyi, pakati masiyanidwe loko si ntchito. Pachifukwa ichi, nthawi zambiri, kunyamula mphamvu kumachitika ndi chitsulo chakutsogolo (ichi ndi gawo la makina okhala ndi clutch ya Halsex). Mawilo am'mbuyo amalumikizidwa pokhapokha ngati kuli kofunikira.

M'badwo woyamba wa zowalamulira anaonekera mu 1998. Umenewu unali mwayi wosankha. Kuyankha kwa gudumu lakumbuyo molunjika kumadalira liwiro la kapepala kakutsogolo. Chosavuta cha kusinthaku ndikuti imagwira ntchito potengera zinthu zakuthupi, zomwe zimasintha kachulukidwe kake kutengera kutentha kapena kuchuluka kwa magawo oyendetsa. Chifukwa cha ichi, kulumikizana kwa chitsulo chogwira matayala chachiwiri kunachitika mwadzidzidzi, zomwe zitha kuchititsa kuti pakhale zochitika zadzidzidzi munjira zofananira. Mwachitsanzo, galimoto ikalowa potembenukira, kulumikizana kwamphamvu kumatha kugwira ntchito, zomwe zinali zovuta kwambiri kwa oyendetsa magalimoto ambiri.

Mbadwo umenewo udalandila zowonjezera zazing'ono. Zipangizo zina zamagetsi, zamagetsi, ndi ma hydraulic zawonjezeredwa kuti zithandizire kuyendetsa bwino zida za chipangizocho:

  • ECU;
  • Pampu yamagetsi;
  • Galimoto yamagetsi;
  • Solenoid vavu;
  • Stupica;
  • Flange;
  • Hayidiroliki blower;
  • Mikangano pamwamba zimbale;
  • Ngoma.

Zimalepheretsa makina opangira ma hydraulic - zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mphamvu pama cylinder, yomwe imakanikiza ma disc wina ndi mzake. Kuti ma hydraulic azigwira ntchito mwachangu kwambiri, adayikapo mota yamagetsi yothandizira. Valavu ya solenoid inali ndi ntchito yothana ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu, chifukwa ma disc anali osadziwika.

M'badwo wachiwiri wa zowalamulira anaonekera mu 2002. Pali zosiyana zochepa kuchokera pamtundu wakale Chinthu chokha, zowalamulira izi zinali kuphatikiza ndi masiyanidwe kumbuyo. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kukonza. M'malo mwa valavu yamagetsi, wopanga adaika analogue yamagetsi yamagetsi. Chipangizocho chimakhala chosavuta ndimagawo ochepa. Kuphatikiza apo, mpope wamagetsi unkagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga clutch, chifukwa chake sichinkafunika kukonza pafupipafupi (imatha kuthana ndi mafuta ambiri).

Chowongolera chamagudumu onse a Haldex

M'badwo wachitatu wa Haldex udalandiranso zosintha zofananira. Palibe kadinala: dongosololi lidayamba kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri chifukwa chokhazikitsa pampu yamagetsi yothandiza kwambiri komanso valavu yamagetsi yamagetsi. Kutsekereza kwathunthu kwa makinawo kunachitika mkati mwa 150ms. Kusinthaku kumakonda kutchulidwa kuti zolembedwa monga PREX.

Mu 2007, m'badwo wachinayi wa pulagi-mu-gudumu pagalimoto zowalamulira anaonekera. Pakadali pano, wopanga adasinthiratu kapangidwe kake. Chifukwa cha izi, ntchito yake yafulumizidwa, ndipo kudalirika kwake kwawonjezeka. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa zinthu zina kwathetsa pafupifupi ma alarm abodza oyendetsa.

Zosintha zazikulu m'dongosolo zikuphatikizapo:

  • Kupanda kutsekereza kolimba kutengera kusiyanasiyana kwa magudumu akutsogolo ndi kumbuyo;
  • Kuwongolera ntchito kumachitika kwathunthu ndi zamagetsi;
  • M'malo mpope hayidiroliki anaika analogi magetsi ndi ntchito yapamwamba;
  • Kuthamanga kwathunthu kumachepetsedwa kwambiri;
  • Chifukwa chokhazikitsa chida chowongolera pamagetsi, magawidwe amagetsi adayamba kusinthidwa molondola komanso bwino.

Chifukwa chake, zamagetsi pakusinthaku zidapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke magudumu akutsogolo, mwachitsanzo, pomwe dalaivala adakanikiza cholembera cha accelerator. Clutch idatsegulidwa ndi zizindikilo zochokera ku dongosolo la ABS. Chodziwika bwino cha m'badwo uwu ndikuti tsopano idangopangidwira magalimoto okhala ndi dongosolo la ESP.

Mbadwo waposachedwa, wachisanu (wopangidwa kuyambira 2012) wa lumikiza la Haldex walandila zosintha, zomwe wopanga adakwanitsa kuchepetsa kukula kwa chipangizocho, koma nthawi yomweyo kuwonjezera magwiridwe ake. Nazi zina mwa zosintha zomwe zakhudza njirayi:

  1. M'maonekedwe, fyuluta yamafuta, valavu yomwe imayang'anira kutsekedwa kwa dera, ndi malo osungira mafuta mopanikizika adachotsedwa;
  2. ECU idasinthidwa, komanso pampu yamagetsi;
  3. Njira zamafuta zidawoneka pakupanga, komanso valavu yomwe imathandizira kuthamanga kwambiri pamachitidwe;
  4. Thupi la chipangizocho lasinthidwa.
Chowongolera chamagudumu onse a Haldex

Tikhoza kunena kuti chatsopanocho ndichosinthika cha m'badwo wachinayi wa clutch. Ali ndi moyo wautali ndikugwira ntchito mosadalirika. Chifukwa chochotsedwa kwa ziwalo zina, makinawo adakhala osavuta kusamalira. Mndandanda wokonza zinthu umaphatikizapo kusintha kwamafuta wamafuta nthawi zonse (m'nkhani ina werengani za momwe mafutawa amasiyana ndi mafuta pamakina), omwe sayenera kupangidwa osakwana 40 zikwi. Km. mtunda. Kuphatikiza pa njirayi, pakusintha mafutawa, ndikofunikira kuyendera pampu komanso zamkati mwa makina kuti zitsimikizire kuti palibe chovala kapena kuipitsidwa.

Kusokonekera kwa haldex

Makina a Haldex clutch okha samawonongeka ndi kukonza kwakanthawi. Kutengera mtundu wamagalimoto, chipangizochi chitha kulephera chifukwa cha:

  • Kutsekemera kwamafuta (sump imaphulika kapena kutulutsa mafuta pama gaskets);
  • Kusintha kwamafuta kwakanthawi. Monga aliyense akudziwa, kondomu m'makina sikuti imangoletsa kukangana kowuma kwa ziwalo zolumikizirana, komanso amaziziritsa ndikutsuka tchipisi tazitsulo tomwe timapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ziwalo zosavomerezeka. Zotsatira zake, pamakhala kutulutsa kwakukulu pamagiya ndi magawo ena chifukwa chazinthu zochulukirapo zakunja;
  • Kuwonongeka kwa solenoid kapena zolakwika pakugwira ntchito yoyang'anira;
  • Kuwonongeka kwa ECU;
  • Kulephera kwa mpope wamagetsi.

Mwa mavuto awa, ziziyenda ambiri akukumana ndi mapangidwe chitukuko amphamvu mbali chifukwa cha kuphwanya dongosolo mafuta kusintha. Kuwonongeka kwa mpope wamagetsi kumakhala kofala kwambiri. Zifukwa zowonongera kwake ndizotheka kukhala maburashi, mayendedwe, kapena kuphulika kwa mphepo chifukwa chakutentha kwambiri. Kuwonongeka kochepa kwambiri ndiko kulephera kwa gawo lolamulira. Chokhacho chomwe amavutika nacho nthawi zambiri ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni amlanduwu.

Kusankha kulumikizana kwatsopano kwa Haldex

Ndikofunikanso kutsatira ndandanda ya kukonza zowalamulira chifukwa chokwera mtengo. Mwachitsanzo, clutch yatsopano yamitundu ina yamagalimoto yopangidwa ndi vuto la VAG idzawononga ndalama zoposa madola chikwi chimodzi (kuti mumve zambiri za mitundu yamagalimoto yomwe VAG imakhudzidwa, werengani m'nkhani ina). Potengera mtengo wake, wopanga adapereka kuthekera kokonza chipangizocho posintha zina mwa zigawo zake ndi zina zatsopano.

Pali njira zingapo zosankhira zowalamulira kapena ziwalo zake. Chophweka ndicho kuchotsa makinawo m'galimoto, kupita nawo kumalo ogulitsira magalimoto ndikufunsa wogulitsa kuti asankhe analogue.

Ngakhale pali kusiyana pakati pazida zamibadwo, ndizosatheka kulakwitsa pakusankha kokhako kwa makinawo pogwiritsa ntchito VIN code. Kumene mungapeze nambalayi komanso zomwe zili m'menemo zafotokozedwa payokha... Muthanso kupeza chipangizocho kapena zida zake ndi nambala ya catalog, yomwe imawonetsedwa pamagawo kapena gawo.

Pamaso kusankha chipangizo monga mwa deta ya galimoto (tsiku la kupanga, chitsanzo ndi mtundu), m'pofunika kulongosola m'badwo wa lumikiza anali pa galimoto. Sikuti nthawi zonse amasinthana. Izi ndizowona makamaka pazinthu zopumira zokonzanso kwanuko. Ponena za mafuta, mafuta apadera amafunika pa clutch. Nthawi zina, kuwonongeka kwa mpope wamagetsi kumatha kukonzedwa ndi inu nokha. Mwachitsanzo, ngati maburashi ake, zisindikizo zamafuta kapena mayendedwe ake atha.

Chowongolera chamagudumu onse a Haldex

Pokonza zolumikizira, zida zokonzanso zimaperekedwanso zomwe zingagwirizane ndi mibadwo yosiyanasiyana yazida. Mutha kuwona kuyanjana kwa ziwalo potchula nambala ya clutch kapena kufunsa katswiri yemwe angakonze.

Payokha, tifunika kutchula mwayi wogula zowongolera zokonzanso. Ngati mwasankha kugula njira imeneyi, ndiye kuti simuyenera kuchita m'manja mwa ogulitsa osatsimikizika. Zida zoterezi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo opezeka mautumiki kapena pakutha. Kawirikawiri, njira zoyambirira zimayendetsedwa mofananamo, ndipo zida zogwiritsira ntchito zofananira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ubwino ndi kuipa

Zabwino za kulumikizana kwa Haldex:

  • Imayankha mwachangu kwambiri kuposa cholumikizira chowoneka bwino. Mwachitsanzo, kulumikizana kwa viscous kumatsekedwa pokhapokha magudumu atayamba kale kuterera;
  • Limagwirira ndi yaying'ono;
  • Sizikutsutsana ndi njira zopewera ma wheel wheel;
  • Panthawi yoyendetsa, kufalitsa sikumadzaza kwambiri;
  • Makinawa amayang'aniridwa ndi zamagetsi, zomwe zimawonjezera kulondola komanso kuthamanga kwakanthawi.
Chowongolera chamagudumu onse a Haldex

Ngakhale kuti imagwira ntchito bwino, makina a Haldex clutch wheel wheel ali ndi zovuta zina:

  • M'badwo woyamba wa njira, kukakamizidwa m'dongosolo kunapangidwa nthawi yolakwika, ndichifukwa chake nthawi yoyankhira ya clutch idasiyidwa;
  • Mibadwo iwiri yoyambirira idavutika ndikuti cholumikizacho chidatsegulidwa pokhapokha atalandira zikwangwani kuchokera kuzida zamagetsi zoyandikira;
  • M'badwo wachinayi, panali zovuta zomwe zimakhudzana ndikusowa kwa kusiyana pakati pazolumikizana. Mwa makonzedwe amenewa, ndizosatheka kupatsira makokedwe onse kumbuyo kwa matayala akumbuyo;
  • M'badwo wachisanu ulibe fyuluta yamafuta. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kusintha mafuta nthawi zambiri;
  • Zamagetsi zimafunikira mapulogalamu osamalitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kosatheka kukweza pulogalamuyo palokha.

Pomaliza

Chifukwa chake, chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakufalitsa kwamagudumu onse ndi gawo lomwe limagawira makokedwe pakati pazitsulo. Clutch ya Haldex imalola kuti galimoto yamagalimoto oyenda kutsogolo igwire ntchito m'malo omwe amafunikira kuti asayende bwino pagalimoto. Kugawidwa koyenera kwa mphamvu pama axles ndiye gawo lofunikira kwambiri lomwe opanga onse a njira zingapo zophatikizira akuyesera kuti akwaniritse. Mpaka pano, makinawo ndi chida chothandiza kwambiri chomwe chimapereka kulumikizana mwachangu komanso kosalala kwa gudumu lakumbuyo.

Mwachilengedwe, zida zamakono zimafunikira chidwi ndi ndalama zambiri kuti zikonzedwe, koma chipangizochi, chomwe chimasungidwa munthawi yake, chimakhala nthawi yayitali.

Kuphatikiza apo, timapereka kanema wamfupi wamomwe maphatikizidwe a Haldex amagwirira ntchito:

HALDEX zowalamulira ndi ONSE-wheel drive. Kodi clutch ya Haldex imagwira ntchito pamayendedwe osiyanasiyana?

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi kugwirizana kwa Haldex kumagwira ntchito bwanji? Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito clutch imachokera ku mfundo yakuti makinawa amakhudzidwa ndi kusiyana kwa shaft pakati pa ma axles akutsogolo ndi kumbuyo ndipo amatsekedwa pamene akutsetsereka.

Zomwe muyenera kusintha mafuta mu Haldex coupling? Zimatengera m'badwo wopatsirana. M'badwo wa 5 uli ndi fyuluta yamafuta yosiyana. Kwenikweni, ntchitoyo ndi yofanana kwa mibadwo yonse yamakina.

Kodi Haldex m'galimoto ndi chiyani? Ichi ndi makina opangira ma plug-in-wheel drive. Zimayambika pamene ekseli yayikulu ikuzembera. Clutch imatsekedwa ndipo torque imatumizidwa ku chitsulo chachiwiri.

Kodi kuphatikiza kwa Haldex kumakonzedwa bwanji? Amakhala ndi paketi ya zimbale friction alternating ndi zimbale zitsulo. Zoyamba zimakhazikika pakhoma, zachiwiri - pa ng'oma ya clutch. Clutch palokha imadzazidwa ndi madzimadzi ogwirira ntchito (mopanikizika), omwe amakankhira ma disks motsutsana.

Kodi kulumikizana kwa Haldex kuli kuti? Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kulumikiza chitsulo chachiwiri m'magalimoto okhala ndi magudumu onse, chifukwa chake amaikidwa pakati pa ma axle akutsogolo ndi kumbuyo (nthawi zambiri m'nyumba zosiyanitsira kumbuyo).

Ndi mafuta ati omwe ali mu clutch ya Haldex? Kwa makinawa, mafuta apadera a gear amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Wopanga amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a VAG G 055175A2 "Haldex".

Kuwonjezera ndemanga