Kodi ndizotheka kudzaza bokosilo ndi mafuta a injini?
Mafuta a injini mu automatic transmission
Zimakhala zovuta kulingalira chifukwa chake mwini galimoto mu malingaliro ake abwino amadzaza mafuta okwera mtengo ndi mafuta osayenera, osatchulapo mafuta a injini. Tiyeni tikambirane m'lingaliro zimene ntchito mafuta mafuta mu automatic transmissions wadzaza ndi.
Mafuta opangira ma transmissions (otchedwa ATF fluids) ali pafupi kwambiri ndi mafuta a hydraulic kusiyana ndi mafuta a injini. Choncho, ngati pali funso la kugwiritsa ntchito "spindle" kapena mafuta ena amtundu wa hydraulic mu makina, apa munthu angaganize za mtundu wina wa kusinthasintha.
Mafuta a injini ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi madzi a ATF.
- Kuyika kutentha kosayenera. Madzi opatsirana okha, ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira kwambiri, amakhalabe ndi madzi ovomerezeka poyerekeza ndi mafuta agalimoto. Kunena zoona, ngati mafuta akukula kuti agwirizane, mwachitsanzo, uchi, ndiye kuti ma hydraulics (kuyambira pa chosinthira makokedwe, kupopera ndi mbale ya hydraulic) adzakhala ochepa kapena opuwala. Ngakhale pali mafuta achisanu omwe amakhalabe amadzimadzi ngakhale kutentha kwambiri (0W muyezo). Choncho mfundo imeneyi ndi yogwirizana kwambiri.
- Kuchita kosayembekezereka pansi pazovuta kwambiri. Chimodzi mwazofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwanthawi zonse kwamagetsi odziyimira pawokha ndikudziwikiratu kwa machitidwe amafuta akukakamizidwa. Kutumiza kwadzidzidzi ndi njira yovuta yomwe imakhala ndi njira zambiri zama hydraulic. Njira iliyonse ili ndi yake, yokhazikika, yokhazikika komanso yothamanga. The madzimadzi sayenera kukhala incompressible ndi kufalitsa mphamvu bwino, koma palibe choncho ayenera kupanga mpweya matumba.
- Paketi yowonjezera yosayenera yomwe ingawononge bokosi. Funso lokha ndiloti zidzatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti muwone zotsatira zake. Gawo lamakina mumayendedwe odziyimira pawokha limagwira ntchito ndi katundu wolumikizana kwambiri, omwe mafuta a injini pachimake chake sangathe kupirira. Kudula ndi kudula mano ndi nkhani ya nthawi. Ndipo olemera injini zowonjezera mafuta, amene lakonzedwa kuti 10-15 makilomita mu injini (ndi mikhalidwe yosiyana kwambiri ndi kufala basi), akhoza mpweya. Madipoziti m'thupi la vavu adzabweretsa mavuto.
Nthawi zambiri, kuthira mafuta a injini mu gearbox yodziwikiratu kumatheka ngati kuyesa kwakanthawi komanso kokwera mtengo: nthawi yayitali bwanji yotumizira mafuta mu injini yamafuta. Pa ntchito yachibadwa, ngakhale mafuta okwera mtengo kwambiri komanso apamwamba kwambiri a injini sangagwire ntchito potumiza.
Mafuta a injini mu kufala kwamanja
Tikuwona nthawi yomweyo kuti mafuta a injini amatha kutsanuliridwa mu bokosi la magalimoto a VAZ amitundu yakale. Izi zinalembedwa ngakhale mu malangizo fakitale zitsanzo oyambirira.
Kumbali imodzi, chisankho choterocho chinachokera ku kusowa kwa mafuta abwino a gear m'zaka za m'ma 80, pamene kupanga kwakukulu kwa Zhiguli kunayamba. Mafuta monga TAD-17 anali ndi viscosity yowonjezereka, yomwe inali yovomerezeka pamagalimoto. Koma molumikizana ndi injini otsika mphamvu zitsanzo woyamba VAZ, ambiri mphamvu, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira, anapita kukangana viscous mu bokosi. Ndipo izi zidayambitsa zovuta zogwirira ntchito ndi galimoto m'nyengo yozizira, monga kuchuluka kwamafuta, kuthamanga pang'ono panthawi yothamanga komanso kutsika kwambiri.
Komanso, malire structural chitetezo kwa kufala Buku magalimoto Vaz anali kwambiri. Choncho, ngati mafuta a injini amachepetsa gwero la bokosilo, silinali lamphamvu kwambiri moti linakhala vuto lalikulu.
Pakubwera mafuta apamwamba kwambiri, chinthu ichi chinachotsedwa m'buku la malangizo. Komabe, bokosilo silinasinthe makonzedwe. Choncho, ngakhale tsopano, n'zotheka kudzaza mafuta a injini mu bokosi la VAZ classics. Chinthu chachikulu ndikusankha mafuta owonjezera, okhala ndi mamasukidwe osachepera 10W-40. Komanso si kulakwitsa kwakukulu ngati, pakalibe mafuta oyenera kufala, kuwonjezera pang'ono mafuta injini kufala VAZ Buku.
Sizingatheke kutsanulira mafuta a injini m'mabokosi amakina a magalimoto amakono. Katundu pa mano gear mwa iwo chawonjezeka kwambiri poyerekeza ndi magalimoto opangidwa zaka 20-30 zapitazo. Ndipo ngati zida zazikulu mu bokosi ndi hypoid, ndipo ngakhale ndi kusamuka kwakukulu kwa ma axles, kudzazidwa kwa mafuta a injini pankhaniyi ndikoletsedwa kwathunthu. Mfundo ndi kusowa kwa kuchuluka kokwanira kowonjezera kupanikizika kwakukulu, zomwe zidzachititsa kuti chiwonongeko cha kukhudzana kwapamwamba kwa mano a gear amtunduwu.
