Engine mafuta mamasukidwe akayendedwe kalasi - chimene chimachititsa ndi kuwerenga chilemba?

Kodi mukuyang'ana mafuta a injini, koma zolembedwa pazambiri zazinthu zina sizitanthauza kanthu kwa inu? Tinabwera kudzapulumutsa! Mu positi yamasiku ano, timafotokozera ma code ovuta omwe amawonekera pamafuta a injini ndikufotokozera zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana posankha mafuta.

Mwachidule

Viscosity ndi momwe mafuta amadutsa mosavuta mu injini pa kutentha kwina. Zimatsimikiziridwa ndi gulu la SAE, lomwe limagawaniza mafuta m'magulu awiri: nyengo yozizira (yomwe imasonyezedwa ndi nambala ndi chilembo W) ndi kutentha kwakukulu (kusonyezedwa ndi nambala), zomwe zimasonyeza kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi kuyendetsa galimoto.

SAE mafuta mamasukidwe akayendedwe gulu

Nthawi zonse timatsindika kuti sitepe yoyamba yosankha mafuta a injini yoyenera iyenera kukhala yovomerezeka. malangizo opanga magalimoto... Mudzawapeza mu bukhu la malangizo a galimoto yanu. Ngati mulibe, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito injini zosakira pa intaneti zomwe zingakuthandizeni kusankha mafuta pamapangidwe agalimoto ndi mtundu, komanso magawo a injini.

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri za mafuta odzola, zomwe zafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'buku la malangizo a galimoto, ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe. Zimatsimikizira momwe mafuta amayendera mosavuta mu injini pa kutentha kwapadera.zonse ndi zamkati, zomwe zimapangidwa panthawi yogwira ntchito, komanso ndi kutentha kozungulira. Ichi ndi chizindikiro chofunikira. Viscosity yosankhidwa bwino imatsimikizira kusakhala ndi vuto kuyambira tsiku lachisanu, kugawa mafuta mwachangu kuzinthu zonse zamagalimoto ndikusunga filimu yolondola yamafuta yomwe imalepheretsa injini kugwidwa.

Kukhuthala kwa mafuta a injini kumafotokozedwa ndi gulu Association of Automotive Engineers (SAE)... Mu muyezo uwu, mafuta amagawidwa kukhala nyengo yozizira (zosonyezedwa ndi manambala ndi chilembo "W" - kuchokera "dzinja": 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W) ndi "chilimwe" (chofotokozedwa ndi manambala okha: SAE 20, 30, 40, 50, 60). Komabe, mawu oti "chilimwe" apa ndi osavuta. Kutentha kwachisanu kumasonyeza mafuta omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'nyengo yozizira pamene thermometer imatsika kwambiri. "Chilimwe" kalasi anatsimikiza zochokera kukhuthala kochepera komanso kokwanira kwamafuta pa 100 ° C, ndi kukhuthala kochepa pa 150 ° C - ndiko kuti, pa kutentha kwa injini.

Pakadali pano, sitigwiritsanso ntchito zinthu zongotengera nyengo. M'masitolo mudzapeza mafuta amitundu yambiri omwe amasankhidwa ndi nambala yomwe ili ndi manambala awiri ndi chilembo "W", mwachitsanzo 0W-40, 10W-40. Imamveka motere:

• nambala yaing'ono kutsogolo kwa "W", mafuta ochepa adzagwira kuchuluka kwa fluidity pa kutentha kwa subzero - imafika pamagulu onse a injini mwachangu;
• chiwerengero chachikulu pambuyo pa "W", mafuta ochulukirapo amasungidwa. kukhuthala kwapamwamba pa kutentha kwakukulu kopangidwa ndi injini yothamanga - amateteza bwino ma drive omwe ali ndi katundu wambiri, chifukwa amawaphimba ndi filimu yowonjezereka komanso yokhazikika yamafuta.

Mitundu yamafuta a injini ndi viscosity

0W-16, 0W-20, 0W-30, 0W-40

Mafuta amtundu wa 0W amaposa omwe akupikisana nawo posunga mamasukidwe akayendedwe pa kutentha kochepa - onetsetsani injini yabwino kuyambira -35 ° C... Iwo ndi okhazikika pa thermally komanso osagonjetsedwa ndi okosijeni, ndipo chifukwa cha luso lapamwamba la kupanga, amatha kuchepetsa mafuta. Pakati pa mafuta a kalasi iyi, otchuka kwambiri ndi 0W-20 mafuta, amene ntchito ndi nkhawa Honda monga otchedwa woyamba fakitale kusefukira, komanso odzipereka ku magalimoto ena ambiri amakono a ku Japan. 0W-40 ndi zosunthika kwambiri - ndi oyenera magalimoto onse amene opanga amalola kugwiritsa ntchito lubricant 0W-20, 0W-30, 5W-30, 5W-40 ndi 10W-40. Izi ndi zatsopano Mafuta 0W-16 - adawonekera pamsika posachedwa, koma adawunikidwa kale ndi opanga aku Japan. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu magalimoto osakanizidwa.

5W-30, 5W-40, 5W-50

Mafuta a injini a gulu la 5W ndi ocheperako pang'ono - onetsetsani kuti injini yosalala imayambira pa kutentha mpaka -30 ° C... Madalaivala ankakonda mitunduyi kwambiri 5W-30 ndi 5W-40... Onse amagwira ntchito bwino pakuzizira kozizira, koma yotsirizirayi ndi yolimba pang'ono, motero imagwira ntchito bwino pamagalimoto akale, owonongeka. Ma injini omwe amafunikira filimu yokhazikika yamafuta nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta okhala ndi ma viscosity apamwamba kwambiri: Zamgululi 5W-50.

10W-30, 10-W40, 10W-50, 10W-60

Mafuta a 10W amakhalabe viscous pa -25 ° Cchifukwa chake atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'malo athu anyengo. Odziwika kwambiri ndi 10W-30 ndi 10W-40 - amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto ambiri m'misewu ya ku Ulaya. Onsewa amatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri ndikuthandizira kuti injini ikhale yoyera komanso yabwino. Mafuta 10W-50 ndi 10W-60 Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto omwe amafunikira chitetezo chochulukirapo: turbocharged, masewera ndi mpesa.

15W-40, 15W-50, 15W-60

Kwa magalimoto okhala ndi mtunda wautali, mafuta a injini akalasi 15W-40 ndi 15W-50zomwe zimathandizira kuti pakhale kupanikizika koyenera mu dongosolo lopaka mafuta komanso kuchepetsa kutayikira. Zolemba zolembedwa Zamgululi 15W-60 komabe, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu yakale ndi magalimoto amasewera. Mafuta a kalasi iyi kulola galimoto kuyamba pa -20 ° C.

20W-50, 20W-60

Mafuta amtundu wa kalasi iyi amadziwika ndi kukhuthala kotsika kwambiri pa kutentha kochepa. 20W-50 ndi 20W-60... Masiku ano, sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, m'magalimoto akale omangidwa pakati pa 50s ndi 80s.

Viscosity ndi gawo lofunikira lamafuta aliwonse. Posankha mafuta, tsatirani mosamalitsa malingaliro a wopanga galimoto yanu - zomwe mwasankha ziyenera "kugwirizana" ndi dongosolo: sewera pakati pa zinthu kapena kukakamiza momwemo. Komanso kumbukirani kuti mu nkhani iyi ndalama zodziwikiratu. M'malo mwa mafuta otsika mtengo opanda dzina pamsika, sankhani chinthu chodziwika bwino: Castrol, Elf, Mobil kapena Motul. Mafuta okhawo ndi omwe angapatse injiniyo kukhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino. Mutha kuzipeza pa avtotachki.com.