Momwe mungapangire bwino batri yamagalimoto anu

Wogulitsa aliyense ayenera kudziwa kufunika kwakubwezera batiri nthawi ndi nthawi. Kukhazikika ndi kukhazikika kwa batri m'moyo wake wonse, komanso chitetezo cha netiweki yamagalimoto, zimadalira izi.

Momwe mungadziwire ngati batiri latulutsidwa kapena ayi?

Ndizosavuta kudziwa kutulutsa kwa batri pazifukwa zachindunji komanso zosadziwika. Koma nthawi zambiri, zizindikilo zoyambirira zimakhala zowala pang'ono komanso zoyambira. Mwa zina, pali zifukwa izi:

• kusakwanira kwa ma alamu, kutsegula ndi kutseka galimoto mosachedwetsa, oyimitsa oyendetsa pakati amagwira ntchito nthawi ina iliyonse;
• injini ikazimitsidwa, wailesi imazimitsidwanso;
• nyali zakuda, kuyatsa mkatikati, pomwe injini ikuyenda, kuwala kwa kuwalako kumasintha;
• injini ikayambika, oyambira amayamba kugwira, kenako amasiya kutembenuka, kenako amatembenuka mwachangu;
• liwiro loyandama pomwe injini yoyaka yamkati ikuwotha.

Momwe mungakonzekerere batri kuti mulipire

Pokonzekera kubweza batri, gwiritsani ntchito njira zotsatirazi:

• chotsani batiri pamalo ake potsegula kaye malo olakwika pambuyo pake, kapena kutengera cholumikizira cholumikizira mwachangu. Ngati kutentha kozungulira kuli kochepera + 10 ° С, ndiye kuti batire liyenera kuyamba kutenthetsa;
• kuyeretsa malo, kuchotsa zinthu zamafuta, mafuta, ndikupukuta batriyo ndi nsalu yothira 10% ya ammonia kapena soda;
• ngati batire ikuthandizidwa, ndiye kuti muyenera kumasula mapulagi m'mabanki ndikuwayika pafupi. Ndibwino kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte ndi hydrometer. Ngati batire ilibe zosamalira, chotsani pulagi kuti mutulutse nthunzi zaufulu;
• pa batri yothandizira, muyenera kuwonjezera madzi osungunuka ngati mbale zomwe zili kubanki zamizidwa zosakwana 50 mm, kuwonjezera apo, mulingo uyenera kukhala wofanana kulikonse. 

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muzisamala pachitetezo, kuti muzidziwe bwino musanayankhe, makamaka ngati mumachita kunyumba:

• kulipira kumachitika kokha m'chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira, makamaka pakhonde, popeza mankhwala owopsa amasanduka batiri;
• osasuta kapena kuwotcherera pafupi ndi zitini potsegula;
• chotsani ndikuyika malo osungira pokhapokha charger yazimitsidwa;
• osalipiritsa batri pakatentha kwambiri;
• tulutsani ndi kupotoza zivindikiro za zitini m'magolovesi ndi magalasi oteteza, kuti asidi asafike pakhungu la manja ndi maso;
• sungani yankho la 10% la soda pafupi ndi charger.

Chaja kapena jenereta - ndi ziti zomwe zimakhala bwino?

Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti ndi jenereta yogwira ntchito ndi zina zokhudzana nazo, simufunika kulipiritsa batri. Amapangidwanso kuti azilipiritsa ndi jenereta (DC nawuza).

Ntchito ya charger yokhazikika ndikubwezeretsa pang'ono batire, pambuyo pake jeneretayo imalipiritsa mpaka 100%. Chaja chamakono chili ndi ntchito zingapo zomwe zimalepheretsa ma electrolyte kuwira mu batri, ndikusokoneza ntchito yake kuti mufike pa 14.4 Volts.

Wosinthira wamagalimoto amalipira batire pamtundu wa 13.8 mpaka 14.7 Volts, pomwe batiri lenilenilo limatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa zomwe zikufunika pakalipano pamagetsi onse ndi magetsi. Chifukwa chake, mfundo ya jenereta ndi kukumbukira komwe kumakhala ndizosiyana. Momwemo, ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito batri lachitatu.

Pakadali pano komanso zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kulipiritsa batri yamagalimoto

Zamakono zimatsimikiziridwa ndi mawonekedwe a batri, owerengedwa payekha. Pamakalata amabatire onse, mphamvu mwadzina imawonetsedwa, kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwakanthawi kotengera batire. Mtengo wokwanira wa parameter yotsatsa ndi pafupifupi 10% yamphamvu yama batri. Ngati batri ili ndi zaka zoposa 3 kapena yamasulidwa kwambiri, ndiye kuti 0.5-1 Ampere iyenera kuwonjezeredwa pamtengo uwu. 

Ngati magawo azomwe akuyambira pano ali ofanana ndi 650 Ah, ndiye kuti muyenera kulipira batri ngati 6 amperes, koma pokhapokha ngati angowonjezera chabe. 

Ngati mukufuna kulipira batire mwachangu, munthawi zadzidzidzi, mutha kusankha ma Amperes 20, kwinaku mukusunga batri osapitilira maola 5-6, apo ayi pali chiopsezo cha asidi kuwira.

Momwe mungapangire batiri

Musanatenge batiri yanu ndi charger, muyenera kudziwa kuti voteji amawerengedwa mu Volts (V), komanso zamakono ku Amperes (A). Batiri imangoyipitsidwa ndi zaposachedwa, tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane. 

Kutsitsa kwaposachedwa

Njira yosavuta yoperekera panopa nthawi zonse ndikugwirizanitsa rheostat yosinthika mu mndandanda ndi batire yoyipitsidwa, komabe kusintha kwamanja pakali pano kumafunika. Mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito chowongolera chapadera chamakono, chomwe chimalumikizidwanso mndandanda pakati pa charger ndi batri. Mphamvu yamakono yomwe kulipiritsa maola 10 ikuchitika ndi 0,1 ya mphamvu yonse ya batri, ndi maola 20 0,05. 

Kutsitsa kwamagetsi nthawi zonse

Kulipiritsa ndi ma voltage nthawi zonse kumakhala kosavuta kuposa momwe ziliri ndi zonse. Batire imagwirizanitsidwa, kuyang'ana polarity pamene charger idachotsedwa pamayendedwe, kenako "charger" imatsegulidwa ndipo phindu lomwe batiri limayikidwa limayikidwa. Mwaukadaulo, njira iyi yobweretsera ndiyosavuta, chifukwa ndikwanira kukhala ndi charger yokhala ndi voltage yotulutsa mpaka 15 volts. 

Momwe mungadziwire kuchuluka kwa batri

Pali njira zingapo zoyezera batire, zomwe zikuwonetsa batiri. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane.

Kuyeza mphamvu yamagetsi kumalo osungira opanda katundu

Kwa batri ya asidi 12-volt, pali zambiri zomwe zimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa kutulutsa ndi zina. Chifukwa chake, lotsatirali ndi tebulo la mulingo wa batire la volt 12 pa kutentha kozungulira kwa 25 ° C:

Mphamvu, V	12,65	12,35	12,10	11,95
Kutentha kozizira, ° С	-58	-40	-28	-15	-10
Mtengo wolipiritsa,%	-58	-40	-28	-15	-10

Poterepa, ndikofunikira kuyeza ma voliyumu pamalo pomwe batire ili kupumula osadutsa maola 6 kuyambira pomwe lamaliza kugwira ntchito pamakina.

 Kuyeza kachulukidwe ka Electrolyte

Batire lotsogola la acid ladzaza ndi electrolyte, yomwe imakhala ndi kuchuluka kosiyanasiyana. Ngati muli ndi hydrometer, mutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwake ku banki iliyonse, ndipo malinga ndi zomwe zili patebulo pansipa, zindikirani momwe batiri yanu ilili:

Kuchuluka kwa Electrolyte, g / cm³	1,27	1,23	1,19	1,16
Kutentha kozizira, ° С	-58	-40	-28	-15
Mtengo wolipiritsa,%	100	75	50	25

Kuyeza kochulukitsa kumachitika osadutsa ola limodzi kuchokera mphindi yomaliza yogwiritsira ntchito batri, kokha pakupuma kwake, nthawi zonse ndikutuluka kuchokera pamagetsi amgalimoto.

Ndi foloko yonyamula katundu

Njira yosavuta yodziwira momwe ndalama zilili ndi pulagi yonyamula katundu, pamene batri siliyenera kuchotsedwa ku machitidwe a mphamvu ndikuchotsedwa m'galimoto.

Pulagi yonyamula ndi chida chokhala ndi voltmeter ndipo zotsogolera zimalumikizidwa chimodzimodzi. Pulagiyo imalumikizidwa ndi malo ama batire ndipo kuwerengetsa kumatengedwa pambuyo pa masekondi 5-7. Pogwiritsa ntchito tebulo ili m'munsiyi, mupeza batiri lanu momwe muliri, potengera deta yolumikizira katundu:

Voteji pamapeto a batri, V	10,5	9,9	9,3	8,7
Mtengo wolipiritsa,%	100	75	50	25	0

Ndi magetsi pamitengo yamagetsi yamagalimoto

Ngati mulibe pulagi katundu pafupi, ndiye kuti batiri limatha kunyamulidwa mosavuta poyatsa magetsi oyatsira magetsi ndi chitofu. Nthawi yomweyo, pogwiritsa ntchito voltmeter kapena multimeter, mudzalandira deta yolondola yomwe idzawonetsa magwiridwe antchito a batri ndi jenereta.

Ngati galimoto ili ndi voltmeter (magalimoto GAZ-3110, VAZ 2106,2107, ZAZ-1102 ndi ena), ndiye kuti poyambitsa injini, mutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa zolipirira poyang'ana muvi wa voltmeter. Pachifukwa ichi, kugwira ntchito kwa sitata sikuyenera kusiya magetsi omwe ali pansipa 9.5V. 

Chizindikiro cha hydrometric

Mabatire ambiri amakono amakhala ndi chizindikiritso cha gauge, chomwe chimakhala choponyera chopangira utoto. Ndikulipiritsa 60% kapena kupitilira apo, peephole iwonetsa zobiriwira, zomwe ndizokwanira kuyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati. Ngati chizindikirocho chilibe mtundu kapena choyera, izi zikutanthauza kuti mulingo wa electrolyte ndiwosakwanira, kukwera pamwamba kumafunika. 

Malamulo oyendetsa batri yamagalimoto

Pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo oyenera kutsitsa batri, mudzatha kuyendetsa batire moyenera komanso moyenera, kwinaku mukuwonetsetsa chitetezo cha inu nokha ndi ena, komanso kuwonjezera moyo wa batri. Kenako, tidzayankha mafunso omwe amafunsidwa kawirikawiri.

Kodi ndizololedwa kulipiritsa batri yamagalimoto kutentha kotentha

Eni magalimoto ambiri samakayikira kuti nthawi yozizira, kuchuluka kwa batri sikungadutse 30%, komwe kumakhudzidwa ndi kutentha kwakunja, komwe kumakhudza kutuluka. Ngati batri limazizira kuzizira, ndiye kuti ladzala ndi kulephera kwake, makamaka ngati madzi amaundana m'menemo. Pa galimoto yochokera ku jenereta, batire imazipiritsa moyenera pokhapokha kutentha komwe kulipo pamwamba pa 0 ° C. Ngati tikulankhula za kugwiritsa ntchito chojambulira chokhazikika, ndiye kuti batire liyenera kuloledwa kutentha kutentha kwa + 25 ° kwa maola angapo. 

Pofuna kupewa kuzizira kwa batri, ngati kutentha kwapakati m'nyengo yozizira kumasiyana -25 ° mpaka -40 °, ndiye kuti mugwiritse ntchito chivundikiro choteteza kutentha.

Kodi ndizotheka kulipiritsa batri yamagalimoto polipira foni

Tsoka ilo, sikutheka kulipiritsa batri ndi charger yam'manja. Chifukwa choyamba cha izi ndi mawonekedwe a charger ya foni, yomwe imapitilira 5 Volts ndi 4 Ah. Mwazina, ndi kuthekera kwa 100%, mumakhala pachiwopsezo chokwiyitsa kanthawi kochepa m'mabanki ama batri ndikukankhira mapulagi mumakina 220V. Ichi ndichifukwa chake pali ma charger apadera a batri.

Kodi ndizotheka kulipiritsa batri yamagalimoto ndimphamvu yama laputopu

Monga momwe ziwonetsero zikuwonetsera, pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yama laputopu, mutha kukonzanso batire yamagalimoto. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutsatira momwe mungalumikizire magetsi, babu yamagalimoto ndi batri. Ngakhale kuti ambiri akwanitsa kulipiritsa mabatire awo motere, tikulimbikitsidwanso kuti tigwiritse ntchito njira yoyeserera. Njira zilizonse zomwe zapezeka ndizowopsa chifukwa charger ndi batri zimatha kuchita mosayenera. Ngati mukufuna njira iyi, onetsetsani kuti muwone kanemayo pansipa.

Kutenga batri yamagalimoto ndimphamvu yama laputopu

Kodi ndizotheka kulipiritsa batri popanda kulidula pamagetsi amgalimoto

Mwachidziwitso, njira iyi yotsatsira ndiyotheka, koma malinga ndi malamulo ena, apo ayi itha kubweretsa kulephera kwa netiweki yonse yamagalimoto. Malamulo pakubweza kotere:

• polumikiza malo olandilirapo ndipo pokhapokha mutsegule ku netiweki ya 200V, ndipo kumapeto kwa kulipiritsa, malowo amachotsedwa kaye, kenako charger imazimitsidwa pa netiweki. Ngati mungasakanikirane motsatana, ndiye kuti mwadzaza ndi kuphulika;
• Kulumikiza malo kumayambira ndi zabwino, kusagwirizana ndi zoipa;
• musanagwirizane ndi chojambuliracho, onse ogwiritsa ntchito makinawo ayenera kuzimitsidwa, osasiya makiyi mu loko;
• ndondomeko yolipiritsa iyenera kuchitidwa kokha pamalo opumira mpweya.

Kodi ndingathe "kuyatsa" mgalimoto ina?

Njira yobwerezera pafupipafupi komanso yothandiza ndiyo "kuyatsa" kuchokera mgalimoto ina, pokhapokha ngati oyambitsa ayamba ulesi. Mwaukadaulo, njirayi ndiyosavuta, koma kunyalanyaza malamulo osavuta kumatha kubweretsa kulephera kwa oyang'anira injini, ma BCM, ndi zina zambiri. Zotsatira:

• timalumikiza mawaya ndi batiri la mwiniwake, choyamba ndi ng'ona zikulumikiza "+" malo otsiriza pambuyo pa "-";
• kumapeto kwachiwiri kwa mawaya kulumikizidwa ndi batire ya wolandirayo, momwemonso, kuyang'ana polarity, apo ayi, monga kungoganiza, inu ndi woperekayo mudzataya batiri;
• injini ya wolandirayo idayambitsidwa, ndikofunikira kuti kuthamanga kwa liwiro kuyambira 1500 mpaka 3500 rpm, patatha masekondi 20 mutha kulumikiza zingwe za wodwalayo ndikuyesera kuyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati. Kawirikawiri nthawi ino ndi yokwanira.

Kumbukirani, palibe cholumikizira ndi batri la wodwalayo pomwe injini ikuyenda, apo ayi jenereta ndi zida zamagetsi zingapo zimatha kulephera. 

Momwe kulipiritsa kumakhudzira moyo wa batri

Moyo wapakati wa batri wocheperako kapena wocheperako umachokera zaka 3 mpaka 5. Ngati jenereta nthawi zonse imagwira ntchito bwino, lamba woyendetsa amasintha munthawi yake, ndipo mavuto ake amakhazikika, ndiye kuti palibe chifukwa chobwezera batri kwa nthawi yayitali, pokhapokha mutagwiritsa ntchito galimotoyo kawiri pa sabata. Kulipira charger komwe sikukhudza kuchepa kwa batri poyerekeza ndi mndandandawu:

• kubweza ndalama zambiri kapena kulipiritsa. Zonsezi zimawononga moyo wautumiki wotsatira wa batri, mwachitsanzo, chifukwa kuchuluka mopitilira muyeso kumabweretsa kuwira kwa asidi ndikuwononga zitini;
• mchere umayika ndikutulutsa kwambiri, chifukwa chake batire liyenera kukhazikitsidwanso, ndipo uku ndikuchepa kwakukulu kwa moyo wa batri;
• Kutcha mwachangu kapena mwachangu kumawononga batire kwambiri, chifukwa pakadali pano pali mafunde akulu, chifukwa chake njirayi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi zovuta kwambiri. 

anapezazo

Kutenga batri koyenera ndikofunikira pa moyo wa batri ndi magwiridwe antchito onse. Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito malamulo operekera ndalama, onetsetsani momwe luso la jenereta lilili komanso lamba woyendetsa. Komanso, ngati njira yodzitetezera, chotsani batri kamodzi pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndi mafunde otsika a 1-2 Amperes. 

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Momwe mungakulitsire batri yagalimoto yanu moyenera? Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito charger pa izi, osati jenereta yamagalimoto. Osalipira batire pa kutentha kwa subzero (kutentha koyenera ndi +20 degrees).

Momwe mungakulitsire batri moyenera popanda kuichotsa mgalimoto? Oyendetsa galimoto ena amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi bwinobwino, pamene ena amakumana ndi zovuta zina. Kuganiziridwa kuyenera kuganiziridwa ngati pali zida m'galimoto zomwe sizingapirire ndalama zambiri, nthawi zambiri zimatsagana ndi kulipiritsa batire.

Kodi batire la 60 amp lifunika kuchajisa zingati? Zonse zimatengera kuchuluka kwa kutulutsa kwa batri ndi mphamvu ya charger. Pafupifupi, batire limatenga pafupifupi maola 10-12 kuti lizilipira. Kulipira kwathunthu kumawonetsedwa ndi zenera lobiriwira pa batri.