Kodi zotuluka ndi mabowo zimapangidwa bwanji? Zoyenera kuchita ngati galimoto yatha chifukwa cha malo athu ophunzitsira tank?

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa chikominisi ndi demokalase? Anaba ku Comanches, koma sanathe kukonzanso, komanso kumanga misewu yatsopano. Ndipo amayi a pambuyo pa Novembala sangathenso kukonza zomwe Comanche adamanga. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, bajeti ya boma imalandira ndalama zambiri kuchokera kumisonkho yamafuta ndi ndalama zosiyanasiyana zomwe eni ake agalimoto ayenera kulipira. Mwanjira ina ndimatha kumasulira momasuka mkangano wa gulu la azaka pafupifupi 50 omwe adakhumudwa ndi vuto la misewu yathu. Mawu oti "chisindikizo" kapena kuti dzenje loyenera ndi mawu ofala kwambiri m'dera lathu, makamaka kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira komanso m'miyezi yoyamba ya masika, kotero woyendetsa galimoto aliyense wa ku Slovakia amadziwa. Ena mpaka adafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe adachitira "mwayi" ndikuwononga galimoto yawo.

Zifukwa zimapangitsa zifukwa

Zomangamanga zimapangidwa makamaka chifukwa chakuti msewuwu ndi wokalamba kuposa zaka 20 ndipo nthawi zambiri sichisamalidwa - sichisinthidwa. Pamwamba pa misewu yathu amapangidwa pafupifupi phula, pamene 20 chaka phula sangathenso misa simenti ngati phula pa malo atsopano ndipo motero zinthu zolemera pamodzi ndi kuzizira kwa nyengo kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zimenezi Chimaona Chimachititsa chiwonongeko pang'onopang'ono. Kuphatikiza pa ukalamba, kusowa kosamalira komanso kuzizira kwanyengo, kusokonekera kumakhalanso chifukwa chatsoka la misewu yathu. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti misewu yambiri sinamangidwe ndi katundu wotero, chifukwa pa nthawi ya chilengedwe (pansi pa ulamuliro wapitawo) katundu wambiri ankanyamulidwa ndi njanji. Tsopano kuchuluka kwa anthu okwera komanso makamaka onyamula katundu kwatsika kwambiri, ndipo ndalama zocheperako zayikidwa pomanga misewu yakutali.

Kodi kutuluka kumachitika bwanji?

Kutentha kumatsika pansi pa ziro ndipo nthaka pansi pa phula imaundana mpaka kuya kwa masentimita angapo, ngati kuli chisanu choopsa - mpaka masentimita angapo. Pambuyo pake, kutentha kumachitika, kutentha kuli pafupi ndi zero, madzi amalowa mumtunda wosweka ndi wakale, nthawi zambiri pamodzi ndi mchere, ndikukhazikika m'mabowo ang'onoang'ono kapena akuluakulu pansi pa msewu. Dothi lozizira pansi pa msewu, lomwe silinasungunuke kwakanthawi kochepa, silingalowerere, kotero kuti madzi sangathe kuthamanga - zilowerere pansi kwambiri. Madzi amene ali pansi pa msewuwo amapanga chithaphwi chaching’ono. Madzi amenewa, omwe ali m'mabowo, amasanduka ayezi pamene kutentha kumatsikanso, zomwe, monga tikudziwira, zimakhala ndi voliyumu yokulirapo kuposa madzi ndipo zimafalikira mbali zonse. Pamwamba pa asphalt amatuluka pang'ono chifukwa cha kupanikizika. Ngati kutentha kukwera pamwamba pa ziro kachiwiri, ayezi m'chipindamo amasungunuka. Popeza madzi ali ndi voliyumu yaying'ono kuposa ayezi, malo okulirapo amakhalabe odzaza ndi madzi pang'ono. Zina zonse - gawo lopanda kanthu la dzenje la concave limang'ambika pamene magalimoto akudutsa ndipo msewuwo umayamba kugwa pang'onopang'ono. Kuyenda kosalekeza kwa magalimoto pamalo ofowoka-owonongeka koteroko kumayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwake ndipo, chifukwa chake, kusamuka kwakale komwe kumadziwika. Kuchokera pamwambazi, zikuwonekeratu kuti mapangidwe a maenje amadalira kwambiri nyengo yachisanu. Mkhalidwe woipa kwambiri umachitika ngati chisanu choopsa chikupitirira kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira, nthaka yapansi pa msewu imaundana, ndiyeno kutentha kumayamba kusinthasintha mozungulira ziro pamene msewu umaundana ndi kusungunukanso.

Malamulo pang'ono

Zachidziwikire, mukamayendetsa kwambiri, mumatha kuwononga galimoto yanu, nthawi zambiri kuyimitsidwa kwamagudumu ndi ma wheel axle. Malongosoledwe, kapena m'malo mwake zopindika panjira, zafotokozedwa mu § 12 ya Ordinance No. 35/1984 Coll. Mawu enieni:

Zolakwika patency ya misewu yayikulu, misewu ndi misewu yam'deralo ndikusintha kwa patency yamisewuyi chifukwa cha zikoka zakunja zomwe dalaivala sangathe kuziwoneratu. Kuwonongeka kwapamsewu kumaphatikizapo, makamaka, maenje amtundu wina, maenje, zolakwika pamtunda wopanda chilema wa gawo lopitirira la msewu, zinthu zosasungidwa bwino, mitengo ndi miyala yakugwa, zizindikiro zowonongeka ndi zopinga zina, ngati sizikuchenjezedwa m'malamulo operekedwa. . kachitidwe.

Zinali zachisoni kupatsira jakisoni, nanga kenako?

Ngati mwawononga galimoto yanu mukuyendetsa pambuyo pa atolankhani, palibe chifukwa choyimbira apolisi, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, pokhapokha pazochitika zapadera. Izi ndizochitika pomwe zowonongeka zambiri zidachitika (ma euro zikwi zingapo), motsatana. kuvulala, kuvulala. Chifukwa chake, mutha kunena kuti mukuwonongeka mosasamala kanthu kuti apolisi adafufuza zomwe zidachitikazo kapena ayi. Komabe, tikulimbikitsidwa kulemba bwino malo - kuchotsa - kumene galimotoyo inawonongeka. Izi zikutanthauza kutenga zithunzi za kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa galimotoyo, komanso msewu umene kuwonongeka kunachitika, kuti ogwira ntchito ku kampani ya inshuwalansi adziwe momwe inshuwaransi inachitikira - kuwonongeka kwa galimotoyo. Ngati pali mboni pafupi, sikuli kovulaza kulemba umboniwo. Mukakhala ndi galimoto yowonongeka mwangozi, malipiro otsatila amakhala ophweka. Zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikuwuza kampani yanu ya inshuwaransi zomwe zawonongeka pafoni, pa intaneti kapena pamaso panu ndikudikirira kukonzanso ndikuwonongeka. Pankhani ya inshuwaransi ya ngozi, kasitomala yemwe ali ndi inshuwaransi alinso ndi ufulu wothandizidwa ndi chithandizo, chomwe chidzawonetsetsa kuti galimoto yowonongeka ikukonzedwa pomwepo kapena galimotoyo imakokedwa kupita ku ntchito yogwirizana. Zinthu zovuta kwambiri zimachitika ngati dalaivala wovulala alibe fuse yowombedwa mwadzidzidzi pagalimoto. Ndiye pali njira imodzi yokha yomwe yatsala - kufuna chipukuta misozi cha kuwonongeka kwa woyang'anira mauthenga. Malipiro a zowonongeka akhoza kuperekedwa kunja kwa khoti - ngati trustee ali ndi inshuwaransi, kapena kubwezeretsa zowonongeka kupyolera mu milandu ya anthu. Zambiri zokha: misewu yamagalimoto ndi magalimoto amayendetsedwa ndi National Automobile Company, misewu ya 1st class, Slovak Highway Administration, misewu II. ndi III. chigawo chapamwamba chofananira (VÚC) ndi misewu yamzindawu, nawonso, mzinda wina wake.

Momwe mungayendetsere pamsewu pomwe pamakhala zosindikiza?

Monga m'mikhalidwe ina, lamulo lachitetezo limagwiranso ntchito. Ndithudi, padzakhala mkhalidwe umene kulephera sikungapeŵedwe. Choncho, ngati ndimeyi ndi yosapeŵeka, m'pofunika kuchepetsa galimoto kutsogolo momwe mungathere. Ndime yotsatira sayeneranso kuchitika popanda braking. Ndiko kuti, ndi phazi lanu kuchoka pa brake pedal, gwirani zogwirizira mwamphamvu ngati mungathe (kuthamangitsa) chopondapo pansi, ndikudikirira kukhudzidwa. Ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti poyendetsa kutsogolo ndiyeno ndikuwotcha, kulemera kumawonjezeka kutsogolo kwa galimotoyo, komanso, pazitsulo zakutsogolo. Kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera - kuthamanga kwa chitsulo cha kutsogolo kumadalira mphamvu ya deceleration - braking ya galimoto. Choncho, ngati sitidzathyoka, kukakamiza kutsogolo kwa ekseli sikudzawonjezeka, ndipo mwayi woti gudumulo lidzayankha. chitsulocho chidzakhalabe cholimba. Ziyeneranso kuganiziridwa kuti gudumu lomwe likugudubuza silingathe kuwonongeka kusiyana ndi gudumu lomwe limatsekedwa pansi pa braking.

Njira zingapo Zokonzanso Misewu Yowonongeka Masiku Ano

Phukusi lotentha limasakanikirana

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyengo zotentha. Uku ndiye kusakaniza kofala kwa konkriti ya phula. Popanga, phula liyenera kutenthedwa mpaka 160 ° C kenako losakanizidwa pa 140 ° C - kufinya pamodzi ndi miyala ndi miyala yodzaza. Akagwiritsidwa ntchito pamsewu, njirayi imachitika pamalo otentha, choncho chidebe chotenthetsera chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa, chomwe sichilola kuti chisakanizo cha asphalt chizizizira.

Zovuta kwa ma CD ozizira

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuzizira - m'nyengo yozizira, kupanga kumakhala kokwera mtengo. Kusakaniza kozizira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kulimbitsa madera ang'onoang'ono, nthawi zambiri ngati kulimbikitsa kwakanthawi. Choncho, amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyengo yozizira kulimbikitsa maenje pamsewu wa asphalt, wopangidwa kuchokera ku chisanu. Makamaka, kuthekera kwa mayendedwe otsika mtengo pamtunda wautali ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito m'malo angapo mocheperako kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kupanga kumachitika mwa emulsifying phula m'madzi ndiyeno kusakaniza ndi aggregate.

Ukadaulo wa Turbojet

Ukadaulo wokonza misewu ya konkriti ya asphalt ndi ndege ya jet imadzaza zofooka za zigawo za abrasive ndi chisakanizo cha gulu labwino komanso phula la phula pogwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera pothinikizidwa ndi mpweya. Teknolojiyi ndiyabwino kukonzanso ma grooves ang'onoang'ono, malo ang'onoang'ono otseguka ndi misewu yopanda pake. Ntchitoyi nthawi zambiri imachitika ndiukadaulo wa Turbo 7000 kapena ukadaulo wamakono wa VSV 1000.

Njira yokonza misewu VSV 1000

Njira yokonzera misewu (yomwe pano idzatchedwa ВСВ) yapangidwa kuti ikonze maenje ndi misewu ya misewu, misewu yakwanuko, njira zama njinga, misewu yapanjira komanso malo oyenda pansi pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosakanikirana ya phula ya konkriti yomanga pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya jet. Zotsatira zakukonzanso ndikubwezeretsa kapena kukonza kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kogwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana. Ubwino wa kapangidwe ka VSV pamiyeso ndi kulemera kwathunthu ndikotheka kukonzanso misewu m'mizinda nthawi yonse yantchito, popeza malo omwe akukonzedwa nthawi yomweyo amakhala oyenda. Njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zotulutsa zazing'ono ndikuwonongeka ndiyotsika mtengo popeza palibe ukadaulo wowonjezera womwe umafunikira kuti ikonzedwe. Izi ndichifukwa choti zotulukazo sizifunikira kusinthidwa ndikutaya kapena kudula musanakonzedwe, ndipo extrusion ikadzazidwa, palibe chifukwa chokhazikitsira dera lomwe likonzedwe chifukwa kulumikizana kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu zamagetsi za zophulika. ... VSV yakwera pa Magma Alficar chassis (voliyumu: 1 backfill = 180 l wa emulsion + pafupifupi 1,5 t ya aggregate 2/5, yowerengeredwa pamtunda wa masentimita 5 ndikubwezeretsaku ndikotheka kukonza 12 m² misewu).

Mpumulo pang'ono kumapeto

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