Momwe ziyenera kukhalira: kuyambitsa Audi e-thron

Audi yakhala ikukopana ndi electromobility kwanthawi yayitali. Osangokhala ndi malingaliro omwe apereka m'zaka zaposachedwa, apanga kale magalimoto angapo asanakwane komanso ang'onoang'ono. Kale mu 2010, tinali kuyendetsa Audi R8 e-tron, yomwe pambuyo pake idalandira mtundu wake (kwambiri) wopanga, komanso, mwachitsanzo, A1 e-tron yamagetsi. Koma zaka zingapo zidadutsa, ndipo Tesla amayeneranso kutumiza galimoto yamagetsi yopanga pamisewu ya Audi.

Zidzakhala m'misewu kumayambiriro kwa chaka chamawa (tinali kale pampando wokwera kumbuyo kwa gudumu), ndipo ngakhale kale, kumapeto kwa chaka chino, tidzatha kuyesa kuseri kwa gudumu - nthawi ino zambiri za makhalidwe apamwamba. maziko ndi mbiri ya electromobility ku Audi.

Crossover yamagetsi yatsopanoyi ndi 4,901 mita kutalika, 1,935 mita m'lifupi ndi 1,616 mita kutalika ndipo ili ndi wheelbase ya 2,928 metres, zomwe zimayenderana ndi Audi Q7 komanso pansi pa Q8 yatsopano. Zachidziwikire, machitidwe achitonthozo, infotainment ndi thandizo nawonso ali pamlingo wapamwamba.

Audi si woyamba kuwonetsa crossover yamagetsi ya kukula uku (patsogolo pake panali Tesla Model X yokulirapo), koma monga CEO Bram Schot adanena pa chiwonetserochi, mawu a Audi "Vorsprung durch technik" (chatekinoloje mwayi) sachita. kutanthauza kuti ndiwe woyamba kumsika, koma ukabwera kumsika, ndiwenso wopambana. Ndipo, potengera zomwe aona ndi kumva mpaka pano, apambana kotheratu.

Popeza zoyendetsa ndege zamagalimoto za Audi zafika patali kwambiri (motero galimotoyo ili ndi zotchingira pompopompo momwe mpweya umalowerera, kuyimitsidwa kwa mpweya komwe kumasintha mtundawo kukhala wapamwamba kwambiri ndipo, ngati mipira ya gofu, mabowo okhala ndi nthaka yolimba pansi liwiro ya, titi, m'malo mwa kanema kanema kunja kwa kalirole). ndi zowonera za OLED pakhomo), mainjiniya adakwanitsa kuchepetsa kukoka koyerekeza kukhala 0,28. Kutuluka kwa mpweya m'mizere yokhala ndi matayala 19/255-inchi 55 otsika kwambiri sikukonzanso. Mbale ya aluminium yomwe ili pansi pa galimotoyi, yomwe imapangidwanso kuti iziteteza kuyendetsa pagalimoto komanso batire yamagetsi othamanga kwambiri, imathandizira kukonza kayendedwe ka mpweya.

Imaikidwa pansi pa chipinda chonyamula, koma imakhala ndi maola 95 kilowatt, omwe, mwazinthu zina zonse (kuphatikiza e-tron nthawi yozizira, imayatsa chipinda chonyamula makamaka ndi kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi zamagetsi ndi makina oyendetsa, zomwe pafupifupi ma kilowatts atatu) ndizokwanira makilomita ena 400 pamayendedwe a WLTP. Kubweza pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono mu gridi yanyumba kapena malo ojambulira pagulu kumachitika pamphamvu yayikulu yokwana ma kilowatts 11, chifukwa kuwonjezeranso kwina kumakupatsirani mphamvu yayikulu ya AC. Ndi ma kilowatts 22 amagetsi, ma e-tron amalipira pasanathe maola asanu. Malo olipiritsa mwachangu amalipiritsa mpaka ma kilowatts 150, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti Audi e-tron amalipira pafupifupi theka la ola kuchokera pa batri lomwe latulutsidwa mpaka 80% yamphamvu zake zonse. Eni ake azitha kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamuyo pa foni yawo ya foni kuti apeze malo obwezerera (komanso kuyendetsa, kukonza njira, ndi zina zambiri), ndipo zolumikizira zolipiritsa zimapezeka mbali zonse ziwiri za galimotoyo. Pofuna kukulitsa maukonde a malo othamangitsa (mpaka ma kilowatts 150) ku Europe mwachangu, mgwirizano wa opanga magalimoto, kuphatikiza Audi, wapanga Ionity, yomwe posachedwapa ipanga pafupifupi 400 ma station m'misewu ikuluikulu yaku Europe. Komabe, mzaka ziwiri, muzaka zikubwerazi, kuchuluka kwawo sikudzangowonjezera, komanso kusunthira kumalo opangira ma kilowatt 350, omwe adzasanduke ndalama ku Europe mtsogolomo. Mulingo uwu udzagulitsa pafupifupi makilomita 400 oyendetsa galimoto mu theka la ola, zomwe zikufanana ndi nthawi yomwe tikukhala kuyima pamisewu yayitali. Kafukufuku waku Germany akuwonetsa kuti pamaulendo ataliatali, madalaivala amaima makilomita 400-500 aliwonse, ndipo nthawi yoyimilira ndi mphindi 20-30.

Batire imayendetsedwa ndi ma motors amagetsi amadzi ozizira asynchronous asynchronous - imodzi pa nkhwangwa iliyonse, mphamvu yakutsogolo ya 125 ndi kumbuyo kwa kilowatts 140, yomwe imapanga ma kilowatts 265 ndi 561 Newton torque (kusiyana pakati pa mfundo ziwirizi ndi pokhapo kutalika kwa kupiringa kwa injini yamagetsi ndi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi). Ngati dalaivala alibe mathamangitsidwe 6,6 wachiwiri mathamangitsidwe makilomita 100 pa ola, akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito "mathamangitsidwe akafuna", amene kumawonjezera mphamvu ya galimoto magetsi kutsogolo ndi 10 ndi kumbuyo ndi 15 kilowatts, kwa okwana kilowatts 300 ndi 660. zatsopano. mamita a makokedwe, amene ndi wokwanira kuti Audi e-tron imathandizira kuti 5,7 makilomita pa ola mu masekondi 100 osati kusiya pafupifupi 200 makilomita pa ola. Ma motors oziziritsidwa ndi madzi ali ndi kuziziritsa kwa stator ndi rotor, komanso mayendedwe oziziritsa ndikuwongolera zamagetsi. Mwanjira imeneyi, Audi yapewa kutayika kwa mphamvu chifukwa cha kutentha, komwe kumakhala kofanana ndi ma motors amtundu uwu (ndipo wasamaliranso, mwachitsanzo, kutentha kabati pamasiku ozizira).

Komanso, ntchito zambiri zakhala zikukonzedwa kuti zisinthe, zomwe zimakupatsaninso mwayi woyendetsa kokha ndi cholembera cha accelerator. Imasinthika m'magawo atatu (pogwiritsa ntchito levers pa chiwongolero) ndipo imatha kusinthanso ndi ma kilowatts 220. Kubwezeretsa kubereka, amatero ku Audi, ndikokwanira 90% pamisewu, ndipo e-tron imangoyimitsa ndikukhazikitsanso ndikuchepetsa mpaka 0,3 G, ndiye kuti mabuleki achikale amayamba kale kuthandiza.

Batire ya Audi e-Tron ili ndi ma module 36 okhala ndi ma cell a lithiamu-ion 12, pamodzi ndi dongosolo lozizira lamadzi (ndi kutentha), nyumba yolimba kwambiri komanso kapangidwe kakatikati kamene kamapangidwa kuti kaziteteza ma cell pakagundana, ndi zamagetsi. akulemera makilogalamu 699. Phukusili lonse ndi 228 m'litali, 163 m'lifupi ndi 34 sentimita m'mwamba (pamwamba pa batri pansi pa kanyumba, masentimita 10 ndikulimba, kukwera kokha pansi pa mipando yakumbuyo ndi kutsogolo, komwe kuli ma elektroniki), ndikumangirira kumunsi kwa galimotoyo. 35 points. Gawo lirilonse limakutidwa ndi mafuta otenthetsa pomwe limakhudzana ndi gawo lozizira, ndipo gawo lozizira lamadzi limakhalanso ndi valavu yapadera yomwe imatulutsa madzi kuchokera mu batri ngati itagundana kuti isakumane ndi zinthu zilizonse zowonongeka . Kukutetezani bwino, sikuti thupi limangokhala lolimba kwambiri, komanso kulumikizana kotenga nthawi ndi kulumikizana pakati pawo, komwe kumawongolera mphamvu yakugunda kutali ndi ma cell.

Audi yayamba kale kupanga mpando wachifumu ku chomera chake cha zero-kaboni ku Brussels (pakadali pano ikupanga mipando yachifumu ya 200 patsiku, 400 yomwe imachokera ku chomera cha Audi ku Hungary) ndipo izifika misewu yaku Germany kumapeto kwa chaka . zikuyembekezeredwa kuchotsedwa pafupifupi € 80.000 360. Mitengo ku US yadziwika kale: padzakhala mtundu wa Premium Plus, womwe uli ndi mipando yachikopa, yotenthedwa komanso yozizira, kuyenda, kamera ya 74.800-degree, nyali zamatrix za LED, zomvera za B & O ndi zida zina zambiri. amawononga $ 10 (kupatula ndalama zothandizira). Nthawi yomweyo, Audi e-tron yokhala ndi zida zokulirapo komanso zolemera kwambiri ndizotsika mtengo pafupifupi XNUMX kuposa Tesla Model X (osanenapo za kapangidwe kake). Malingana ndi mtengo, kukula, magwiridwe antchito ndi mawonekedwe, imathandizanso kwambiri pa Mercedes EQ C yomwe idawululidwa milungu iwiri m'mbuyomu, koma ndizowona kuti a Mercedes adalandilidwa mochulukira pamitundu yomwe amadziwika mpaka pano. malonda. ndi kusintha kolimba mtima bwanji.

Kwa makasitomala omwe adasungitsa kale e-tron, Audi yakonzekereranso mndandanda woyambira wa 2.600 wa Audi e-tron edition ku Antigua buluu wokhala ndi zida zingapo.

Kupanga magalimoto amagetsi a Audi kudzakula mwachangu, ndi galimoto yamasewera ya e-tron yophatikizika yomwe ikubwera chaka chamawa, komanso gulu lamasewera lazitseko zinayi (lomwe lidzagawana ukadaulo ndi Porsche Taycan) komanso mtundu wocheperako wamagetsi mu 2020. Pofika chaka cha 2025, ma Q-SUV asanu ndi awiri okha ndi omwe apezeka ndi magetsi onse, ndi ena asanu okhala ndi magetsi.

Kuchokera pampando wokwera kutsogolo

Nthawi imathamanga mofulumira bwanji! Pamene Walter Röhrl adagundika mu 1987 Pikes Peak ku Colorado mu Audi Sport quattro S1 mu 47,85 m'mphindi khumi mphindi 4.302 masekondi, katswiri wamsonkhano waku Regensburg sakanatha kuganiza kuti phiri lodziwika bwino ladzakhala tsiku limodzi. kuyenda kwa magetsi. Chaka chino, Romain Dumas mgalimoto yake yamagetsi ya VW ID R, yokhala ndi nthawi ya 7: 57: 148 mphindi, adaswa zolemba zonse zam'mbuyomu pa njira yolondola ya kilomita ya 20. Audi mwina amaganiza kuti zomwe zikukwera phiri ziyeneranso kukhazikitsidwa bwino kuchokera pamenepo, ndipo adasankha malo atsopano oyendera magetsi kuti ayese kuyendetsa Audi e-tron ndipo adatiitanira kumalo oyenera.

Chiwonetsero choyamba: mukatsika kuchokera ku Pikes Peak, kusinthika kumagwira ntchito mwangwiro. Ngati dalaivala avomereza kwathunthu lingaliro lakuyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi ndikuyendetsa modziwikiratu, amatha kuthana ndi vuto la braking momwe mphamvu yofikira 0,3 G ndiyokwanira komanso chowongoletsa chokwera kwambiri chimakhala chokwanira. Komabe, ngati kutsika kwamphamvu kwambiri kapena kutsika kwamphamvu kumafunika, mabuleki apamwamba a hydraulic amasokonezanso. "Tidathetsa vutoli ndi ma brake pedal - monga momwe zimakhalira m'magalimoto akale," adatero katswiri waukadaulo Victor Anderberg.

Kulumikizana kwa ma brake system akale ndi dziko latsopano ndikofunikiranso pa liwiro lochepera makilomita khumi pa ola limodzi. Apa ndi pamene kukonzanso kwa magetsi kumagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono ndikusiya ntchito ku mabuleki a hydraulic. Izi zomwe zimatchedwa kusakaniza (i.e., kusintha kobisika kwambiri kuchokera ku braking yamagetsi kupita ku friction braking) kuyenera kukhala kofatsa momwe mungathere - ndipo mumangomva kugwedezeka pang'ono musanayime. Zotsatira zake, kuyendetsa galimoto ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake kamene kakubwezeretsedwanso kuti kayime, kumakhala kosavuta kwambiri.

Mukamayendetsa, makinawa amagwirira ntchito limodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, mphamvu ya ma kilowatts 265 mumayendedwe abwinobwino ndi ma kilowatts 300 (408 "horsepower") mu Boost mode ndikokwanira kuti okwera ndege azimva kukankha kowonekera kumbuyo panthawi yofulumira. Pambuyo pa masekondi asanu ndi limodzi, mumafika pa liwiro lapamwamba pamsewu wakudziko, ndipo pamtunda wa makilomita 200 pa ola, zamagetsi zimasiya kuthamanga. Poyerekeza, Jaguar I-Pace imatha kuthamanga makilomita khumi mwachangu. E-tron ikangodutsa m'makona mwachangu, mumamvanso kulemera pampando wonyamula anthu wakufinya panja. Mulimonsemo, magudumu anayi, okonzedwa kuti apereke makokedwe ochuluka momwe angathere kumayendedwe akumbuyo, amayesera kubisa kulemera kochulukira kwagalimoto (kudzera pamakina owonera komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mabuleki), komanso m'malo ovuta. panjira, imathandizidwanso ndi kuyimitsidwa kwamlengalenga.

Ngati mumayendetsa molunjika kutsogolo, zamagetsi zimachepetsa kugwedezeka pa ekisi yakutsogolo kuti mupulumutse mphamvu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, dalaivala sangathe kulowererapo pakugawidwa kwa mphamvu ndikusintha pamanja magudumu onse akumbuyo kapena kutsogolo. "Galimotoyi imagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri ngati ekseli yakutsogolo nthawi zonse imathandizira kuyenda pang'ono," akufotokoza motero Viktor Anderberg. Tiyeni tione mphamvu ya mphamvu ya ulendo wathu waufupi: pa mtunda wa makilomita 31 ndi dontho ofukula mamita 1.900, "Audi e-tron" anawonjezera osiyanasiyana makilomita oposa 100.

Wolfgang Gomol (atolankhani-dziwitsani)