Kangati komanso chifukwa chiyani muyenera kusintha brake fluid. Ndipo ndikofunikira?

Mukakhala pansi pa chitsimikizo, simunaganizeko za chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chachitetezo monga brake fluid. Koma pachabe. Ndipotu, ndi iye amene amapangitsa kuti mabuleki a galimoto azigwira ntchito ndipo, popanda kukokomeza, miyoyo ya anthu imadalira khalidwe lake ndi kuchuluka kwake.

Ndi kangati muyenera kusintha "brake"? Kodi ndizotheka kusakaniza "mitundu" yake ndi ina? Kodi ndikufunika kuwonjezera kapena kusintha zina zonse? Ndipo momwe mungayesere kuchuluka kwa "kuvala" kwa brake fluid? Kuti timvetsetse izi kuposa nkhani zofunika, choyamba timamvetsetsa malingaliro ndi tsatanetsatane waukadaulo.

Brake madzimadzi ndi chigawo chimodzi cha dongosolo ananyema, mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu kwaiye mbuye ananyema yamphamvu imafalikira kwa awiriawiri gudumu.

Kuti ma brake agwire bwino ntchito, madzimadziwa ayenera kukhala ndi zinthu zingapo zomwe zimafotokozedwa m'dziko lathu ndi muyezo wapakati. Komabe, muzochita ndi chizolowezi kugwiritsa ntchito American quality standard FMVSS No. 116, yomwe inapangidwa ndi US Department of Transportation (United States Department of Transport). Ndi iye amene anabala chidule cha DOT, chomwe chakhala dzina la banja la brake fluid. Muyezo uwu umafotokoza makhalidwe monga mlingo wa mamasukidwe akayendedwe; kutentha kutentha; kusagwirizana kwa mankhwala ku zipangizo (mwachitsanzo mphira); kukana dzimbiri; kusasinthika kwa katundu mu malire a kutentha kwa ntchito; kuthekera kwamafuta azinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito polumikizana, kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe a chinyezi kuchokera mumlengalenga wozungulira. Malinga ndi muyezo wa FMVSS No. 116, zosankha zosakaniza za brake fluid zimagawidwa m'magulu asanu, omwe amapangidwira mtundu wina wa ntchito komanso mtundu wa njira zowonongeka - chimbale kapena ng'oma.

MINERAL NDI CASTOR

Pansi pa brake fluid (mpaka 98%) ndi mankhwala a glycol. Zamadzimadzi zamakono za brake zochokera pa iwo zimatha kukhala mpaka 10 kapena kupitilira apo, zomwe zitha kuphatikizidwa m'magulu akuluakulu a 4: mafuta (polyethylene ndi polypropylene), omwe amachepetsa kukangana m'magawo osuntha a ma brake; zosungunulira / diluent (glycol ether), komwe kuwira kwamadzimadzi ndi mamasukidwe ake kumadalira; zosintha zomwe zimalepheretsa kutupa kwa zisindikizo za rabara ndipo, pomaliza, zoletsa zomwe zimalimbana ndi dzimbiri ndi okosijeni.

Ma brake fluids opangidwa ndi silicone amapezekanso. Ubwino wake ndi monga makhalidwe monga inertness mankhwala kwa zipangizo zambiri ntchito pomanga galimoto; osiyanasiyana kutentha kwa ntchito - kuchokera -100 ° mpaka +350 ° С; kusasinthika kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe osiyanasiyana kutentha; otsika hygroscopicity.

Mphepete mwa mchere mu mawonekedwe osakaniza mafuta a castor okhala ndi ma alcohols osiyanasiyana pakali pano sakukondedwa chifukwa cha kukhuthala kwake kwakukulu komanso malo otsika otentha. Komabe, inapereka mlingo wabwino kwambiri wa chitetezo; kuchepa kwaukali kwa penti; mafuta abwino kwambiri komanso osakhala hygroscopicity.

 

KUNYENGEDWA KOOPSA

Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti katundu wa madzimadzi ananyema sasintha pa ntchito, chifukwa ntchito m'malo otsekeredwa. Uku ndi chinyengo choopsa. Mukakanikiza chonyamulira cha brake, mpweya umalowa m'mabowo olipira mu dongosolo ndipo brake fluid imatenga chinyezi kuchokera pamenepo. The hygroscopicity ya "brake", ngakhale imakhala yovuta pakapita nthawi, koma ndiyofunikira. Katunduyu amakulolani kuti muchotse madontho amadzi mu ma brake system. Akalowamo, madzi angayambitse dzimbiri ndi kuzizira kozizira kwambiri, zomwe zikafika poipa kwambiri zimakusiyani opanda mabuleki m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo makamaka zimabweretsa dzimbiri ndi kukonza zodula. Koma madzi ochulukirapo akasungunuka mu brake fluid, m'pamenenso kuwira kwake kumachepetsa komanso kumapangitsanso kukhuthala kwakanthawi kochepa kutentha. Brake fluid yokhala ndi madzi 3% ndiyokwanira kutsitsa kuwira kwake kuchokera pa 230 ° C mpaka 165 ° C.

Kupitilira kuchuluka kovomerezeka kwa chinyezi ndikutsitsa kuwira kumatha kudziwonetsera mu chizindikiro ngati kulephera kumodzi kwa ma brake system ndikubwerera ku ntchito yoyenera. Chizindikirocho ndi choopsa kwambiri. Itha kuwonetsa kupangidwa kwa loko ya nthunzi pamene brake fluid yokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri imatenthedwa kwambiri. Mabuleki omwe akuwira akatsikanso, nthunziyo imabwereranso kukhala madzimadzi ndipo kulimba kwagalimoto kumayambiranso. Izi zimatchedwa "zosaoneka" brake kulephera - poyamba sagwira ntchito, ndiyeno "kukhala ndi moyo". Ichi ndi chifukwa cha ngozi zambiri zosadziwika bwino zomwe woyang'anira amafufuza mabuleki, osati mabuleki, ndipo zonse zikuwoneka kuti zikuyenda bwino.

Nthawi yosinthira brake fluid ikuwonetsedwa mu malangizo oyendetsera galimoto ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala kuyambira zaka 1 mpaka 3, kutengera mtundu wake. Ndikoyenera kuganizira kalembedwe ka galimoto. Ngati dalaivala amapanga maulendo pafupipafupi, m'pofunika kuwerengera osati nthawi, koma mtunda. Pankhaniyi, pazipita madzimadzi moyo ndi 100 makilomita.

Monga Alexander Nikolaev, katswiri wa siteshoni ya TECHTSENTRIK, akufotokozera, "kwa oyendetsa galimoto ambiri akulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito DOT4. Gululi limabwera pamagalimoto onse aku Europe kuchokera kwa opanga, pomwe DOT5 imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuyendetsa movutikira. Imayamwa madzi moipitsitsa, zomwe zimatsogolera ku dzimbiri. Woyendetsa galimoto amayenera kusintha madziwa pa 60 km iliyonse kapena zaka ziwiri zilizonse, othamanga amasintha mtundu uliwonse usanakwane. Kusintha kwanthawi yake kwa brake fluid kumabweretsa kulowa kwa chinyezi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kulephera kwa masilindala a brake ndi ma pistoni a caliper. Ndi katundu wochulukira, kutentha kwa makina kumasokonekera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madziwo aziwira. Pedal "idzakakamira" (ndi mwayi waukulu kuti izi zidzachitika m'madera amapiri kapena pa njoka), ma brake disc "adzatsogolera" (kupunduka), komwe kudzadziwonetsera nthawi yomweyo pomenya chiwongolero kupita ku pedal. .

OSATI KUFUNA KUTI MUNTHU Wonjezerani, KOMA KUSINTHA

Lingaliro lina lowopsa ndilakuti brake fluid singasinthidwe kwathunthu, koma kungowonjezera ngati pakufunika. M'malo mwake, ndikofunikira kupanga m'malo mwathunthu wamadzimadzi a brake chifukwa, monga tanenera kale, hygroscopicity. Mabuleki otha, akasakanikirana ndi madzi atsopano, sangateteze chitetezo, zomwe zingayambitse dzimbiri mkati mwa galimotoyo, kutsika pang'onopang'ono mabuleki ku kuthamanga kwa pedal, ndi loko ya nthunzi.

KOMA OSATIZA?

Njira yosavuta yosankha brake fluid ndikudalira ma brand. Izi sizinthu zodula kuti musunge pa izo. Kodi ndizotheka kuwonjezera madzi, kusakaniza mitundu yosiyanasiyana? Palibe yankho limodzi ku funso ili. Akatswiri angapo akukhulupirira kuti n'zotheka, koma podziwa zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri, amalimbikitsa kumamatira kuzinthu za kampani imodzi. Kuti musaphonye, ​​ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti mayankho okhala ndi silikoni adzakhala ndi zolemba za Silicone (DOT 5 silicone base); zosakaniza ndi zigawo za mchere zimatchedwa LHM; ndi ma formulations okhala ndi polyglycols - Hydraulic DOT 5.

Akatswiri a Bosch amakhulupirira kuti brake fluid sayenera kusinthidwa ngati ili ndi chinyezi choposa 3%. Komanso zisonyezo zakusintha ndikukonza ma brake njira kapena kutsika kwa makina kwa nthawi yayitali. Inde, ndi bwino kusintha ngati munagula galimoto mumsika sekondale.

Kuphatikiza pa kusinthidwa nthawi zonse, chisankho chosintha madziwo chikhoza kupangidwa poyesa kuchuluka kwa "kutha" kwake pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zomwe zimatsimikizira kuyeza kwa malo otentha ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi. Chipangizocho - amapangidwa ndi makampani ambiri, makamaka Bosch, amaikidwa pa thanki yowonjezera ya hydraulic brake system ndikugwirizanitsa ndi batire ya galimotoyo. Malo owiritsa omwe amayezedwa amafananizidwa ndi milingo yocheperako yovomerezeka pamiyezo ya DOT3, DOT4, DOT5.1, pamaziko omwe chiganizo chimapangidwa pakufunika kosintha madzi.