Jaguar, mbiri - Auto Story

Masewera ndi kukongola: awa ndiye mphamvu zamagalimoto kwazaka zopitilira 90. jaguar... Mtundu uwu (womwe, mwa zina, umadzitamandira bwino mu Maola 24 Le Mans Mwa opanga aku Britain) adapulumuka pamavuto onse aku Britain opanga magalimoto ndipo akadali m'modzi mwa ochepa omwe amatha kupirira zida zaku Germany "premium". Tiyeni tiwone mbiri yake limodzi.

Jaguar, mbiri

История jaguar akuyamba mwalamulo mu Seputembara 1922 pomwe William Mikango (wokonda njinga yamoto) e William Walmsley (womanga Woyendetsa njinga yamoto) adasonkhana ndikupeza Kumeza Stroller Company... Kampaniyi, yomwe idapanga ntchito yopanga magalimoto a mawilo awiri, idachita bwino kwambiri mu theka lachiwiri la zaka za m'ma 20 ndikupanga malo ogulitsa Austin Asanu ndi awiriotsata makasitomala omwe amakonda kuonekera koma safuna kuwononga ndalama zambiri.

Magalimoto oyamba

Lyons, atatopa ndikugwira ntchito ndi magalimoto ochokera kwa opanga ena, amapanga magalimoto awiri koyamba ndikuwapereka ku 1931 London Motor Show: apeza SS 1 e SS 2 zimawoneka zabwino koma ndizotsika mtengo. Walmsley anasiya kampaniyo patatha zaka zitatu.

Kusintha dzina

Mu 1935 mutuwo jaguar imagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba pa sedan yotchedwa 2.5 SS nyamazi ndipo zaka ziwiri pambuyo pake, mtundu waku Britain uli ndi kupambana kwawo pamasewera koyamba pomwe aku Britain Jack Harrop akugonjetsa Masewera a RAC (kupambana kunabwerezedwa mu 1938) kuyendetsa imodzi SS100.

Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, zopanga zimayang'ana njinga zamagalimoto am'mbali mwa Asitikali Ake, ndipo kumapeto kwa mkangano, oyang'anira aganiza zogulitsa magawano amoto, koposa zonse, kuchotsa dzinalo. SSchimodzimodzi ndi zomwe ankhondo a Nazi ankagwiritsa ntchito.

Pulogalamu ya XK120

Makina oyamba osainira zosintha jaguar ndi XK120 1948: kutsegulira kuyambira magalimoto 3.4 mu mzere wa injini zisanu ndi imodzi yamphamvu yomwe imalola izi masewera imathandizira ku 120 mph (193 km / h: galimoto yopanga mwachangu pamsika).

Galimoto iyi idagonjetsa makasitomala ambiri ndikupambana mipikisano ingapo ku Europe: mu 1951, chaka chomwe mtundu wotsekedwa udayamba. Mtengo wa FHC - Ian Appleyard apambana msonkhano wa RAC ndipo Mtundu wa C (kuyendetsa galimoto ndi chimango tubular yomwe ili ndi makina ofanana ndi XK120) imalola kuti chizindikirocho chikwaniritse bwino koyamba Maola 24 Le Mans ndi duet "waku Britain" wopangidwa ndi Peter Walker e Peter Whitehead.

Kuchita bwino kumeneku jaguar mobwerezabwereza mu 1953: mpikisano wodziwika bwino waku France, komabe, wopambana ndi gulu lina la Britain (Tony Rollt e Duncan Hamilton) ndi galimoto yotsogola kwambiri yokhala ndi nzeru zatsopano mabuleki chimbale... Chaka chomwecho, njira yachitatu XK120: Chombo cha Drophead.

Mtundu wa D

La Mtundu wa D - Galimoto yoyamba yothamanga yokhala ndi mawonekedwe a monocoque - galimoto yomwe idapanga mbiri ya motorsport: yokhala ndi zipsepse zakumbuyo zowoneka bwino, idapambana makope atatu motsatizana. Maola 24 Le Mans ndi oyendetsa ndege aku Britain. Woyamba ndi duet mu kapangidwe kake Mike Hawthorne e Ivor Bueb, wachiwiri ndi Ron Flockhart e Ninian Sanderson ndipo lachitatu ndi Flockhart ndi Bueb. Kupambana kwaposachedwa kumeneku kulinso komaliza "kwathunthu ku Britain" (magalimoto ndi ma racer ochokera ku United Kingdom) m'mbiri yampikisano wofunikawu wopirira.

Nthawi yomweyo, tikulengeza kupambana Msonkhano Monte Carlo 1956 Jaguar Mark VII motsogozedwa ndi aku Britain Ronnie Adams ndi - pokhudzana ndi kupanga serial - kukhazikitsa XK150, galimoto yoyamba yamtunduwu yomwe idayikidwa pa i mabuleki chimbale adabweretsa kumayendedwe a C-Type.

60s ndi E-Type

Mu 1960, mtundu waku Britain udalanda Daimler ndikupita ku chomera mu Coventry kampaniyi imapanga injini. Chaka chotsatira chinali chiyambi cha kuwonekera koyamba kugulu - pa Geneva Njinga Show - wotchuka kwambiri chitsanzo cha mtundu uwu: Mtundu wa E... Wotchedwa Enzo Ferrari ndi galimoto yokongola kwambiri yomwe idapangidwapo, ili ndi liwiro lapamwamba la 150 mph (241 km / h) ndipo ndiyotsogola kwambiri: mabuleki anayi, chimango choyimilira ndi kuyimitsidwa kwamagudumu anayi. Mfundo zake zofooka? Bokosi lamagalasi, mtunda wautali wa braking ndi mipando osaphimba kwambiri.

Mu 1963 - woyamba chigonjetso chachikulu cha munthu mmodzi. jaguar kuyendetsa dalaivala wakunja pomwe ndi waku Germany Peter Nocker ipambana mpikisano woyamba waku Europe Woyendera Galimoto ndi Maliko Wachiwiri ndipo patatha zaka zitatu, mtundu wa 2 + 2 E-Type udatulutsidwa ndi wheelbase yowonjezera kuti ikwaniritse okwera awiri m'mipando yakumbuyo.

Mtundu waku Britain uli wathanzi: ndi umodzi mwa okondedwa kwambiri ku UK komanso mtundu wakunja wokondedwa kwambiri ku United States. Mu 1966 adalumikizidwa ndi BMC pangani British Njinga Holdings ndi chaka chamawa William Mikango atula pansi udindo wa CEO.

1968 ndi chaka chomwe chizindikiro china chamtundu chinayambitsidwa. jaguar -woyang'anira XJ (chomwe chimachotsa pafupifupi ma sedans achikale ku nyumba yaku Britain pamsika) - ndipo mu 1969 wolemba mbiri yakale William Haynes (analowa SS 1934) apuma pantchito.

70's

Chochitika choyamba chofunikira cha ma 70 chidachitika mu 1971, pomwe magalimoto 5.3 V12 idayambitsidwa pa E-Type. Chaka chotsatira, injini yomweyo - anaika pa XJ - amalola mbendera yaku Britain kukhala yothamanga kwambiri yokhala ndi anthu anayi pamsika (pafupifupi 220 km / h). Komanso mu 1972 (pamene Lyon anapuma mwalamulo) anamasulidwa mtundu wautali wheelbase "British" Berlinona (kukonza drawback waukulu wa galimoto iyi: kuchepetsa malo okwera kumbuyo), ndipo patatha zaka zitatu - - XJ-S coupeyomangidwa pamaziko ofanana ndi "standard" XJ.

80's

1984 ndi chaka chofunikira kwambiri jaguar... Mtundu wa Chingerezi udasinthidwa kukhala wamsika ndipo udalowa msika wamsika, ndipo chifukwa cha aku Britain, kupambana kwakukulu pamasewera awiri kwapambanidwa. Tom Walkinshaw и XJS, opambana a European Touring Car Championship ndi - ndi gulu lomwe lilinso ndi German Hans Heyer komanso kuchokera kuchingerezi Vin Percy - kuchokera Maola 24 ku spa... Mu February 1985, adasowa. William Mikango.

Pakati pa theka lachiwiri la ma 80 ndi ma 90 oyambirira, wopanga waku Britain adalandira zabwino zambiri zamasewera mgululi chipiriro: mu 1987, Mpikisano Woyamba Padziko Lonse mu Sports Prototypes wafika (wonunkhira kupambana kwa Brazil Raoul Bosel), kupambana kunabwerezedwa mu 1988 (kuchokera ku Chingerezi. Martin Brandl ngwazi yapadziko lonse pakati pa madalaivala) komanso chifukwa cha kupambana Maola 24 Le Mans anabweretsa kunyumba Dutchman Jan Lammers ndi british Johnny Dumfries e Andy Wallace... Chaka chomwecho Bosel, Brandl, Lammers ndi Dane John Nielsen amapambana Maola 24 a Daytona.

Kupita ku Ford

Mu 1989 jaguar anapeza Ford koma kudzipereka pamasewera sikuima: mu 1990 XJR-12 kupambana Maola 24 Le Mans ndi Brandl, Nielsen ndi American Mtengo wa Cobb ndi galimoto yomweyo - nthawi ino yoyendetsedwa ndi Lammers, Wallace ndi Yankee Nyanja Mdyerekezi - amapambana maola 24 a Daytona. Kupambana komaliza kwamasewera kwa wopanga waku Britain kudayamba mu 1991: kupambana mu World Sports Prototypes ndi mutu wapadziko lonse lapansi wamasewera athu. Theo Fabi.

Kupanga kwa serial zaka khumi zapitazi za zana la makumi awiri wapamwamba XJ220 kuchokera 1992 (magalimoto 3.5 V6 twin turbo yokhala ndi 542 hp ndi liwiro lapamwamba la 335 km / h), galimoto yamasewera achigololo XK8 komanso flagship S-Mtundu, mchemwali wamng'ono XJ Mtundu wa Retro.

Zakachikwi zachitatu

Mu 2000 jaguar lowani F1: Amatsalira ku Circus mpaka 2004, koma amalandira ma podiums awiri okha ndi driver waku Britain. Eddie Irwin... Bwino magalimoto apamsewu: berlina X-Mtundu 2001 - yomangidwa pansi yomweyo ndi Ford mondeo ndi galimoto yoyamba ya mtundu British A magudumu anayi ndipo patatha zaka ziwiri (pamwambo wokhazikitsa sitima yamagalimoto e dizilo) amakhalanso woyamba choyendetsa kutsogolo.

Chitsanzochi chikuwonetsa zabwino pakutsatsa, koma chimakhudza mtunduwo: kubadwanso kumabwera mu 2007. XF, wolowa m'malo mwa S-Type, wodziwika kalembedwe amakono ndikusintha, adatsitsimutsidwa chifukwa cha Chithunzi cha XJ351 2009 Pakatikati (mu 2008) kugula kwa chizindikirocho ndi Amwenye Tata.

Ponena za mitundu yaposachedwa kwambiri jaguar ndizosatheka kutchula Mtundu wa masewera F 2013 ndi Berlin 2015, ndi nsanja mu aluminium e, kusiyana dell'antenata X-Type, a kumbuyo galimoto.