Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa
Thupi lagalimoto,  Chipangizo chagalimoto

Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa

Mukamapanga mtundu watsopano wamagalimoto, wopanga aliyense amafuna kuwonjezera mphamvu yazogulitsa zake, koma nthawi yomweyo kuti asalepheretse chitetezo pagalimoto. Ngakhale magwiridwe antchito amatengera mtundu wa injini, thupi lagalimoto limagwira gawo lalikulu. Kulemera kwake ndikulimbikira kwambiri komwe injini zoyaka zamkati zimapangira kuti zithandizire kuyendetsa. Koma ngati galimotoyo ndiyopepuka kwambiri, nthawi zambiri imakhudza otsikawo.

Popanga zinthu zawo kukhala zopepuka, opanga amayesetsa kukonza zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lizitha kusintha mphamvu zamagetsi (zomwe aerodynamics ndiyomwe, ikufotokozedwera ndemanga ina). Kuchepetsa kulemera kwa galimoto kumachitika osati kudzera pakukhazikitsa mayunitsi opangidwa ndi zinthu zopepuka, komanso chifukwa cha ziwalo zochepa za thupi. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matupi amgalimoto, komanso zabwino ndi zoyipa za iliyonse.

Mbiri ya matupi amgalimoto

Thupi la galimoto lamakono limapatsidwa chidwi chochepa kuposa njira zake. Nayi magawo omwe akuyenera kukumana nawo:

Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa
  1. Chokhalitsa. Pochita ngozi, sayenera kuvulaza anthu m'chipindacho. Kukhazikika kwa torsional kuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti galimoto imakhalabe yoyenda bwino mukamayendetsa pamtunda wosafanana. Zocheperako ndizochepa, ndizotheka kuti chimango cha galimoto chimakhala chopunduka, ndipo mayendedwe sakhala oyenera kupitilirabe. Makamaka amaperekedwa kulimba kwa kutsogolo kwa denga. Mayeso omwe amatchedwa "moose" amathandizira wopanga makina kudziwa momwe galimoto ingakhalire yotetezeka ikamenya nyama yayitali, monga gwape kapena mphira (mtembo wonse wanyamawo umagwera pazenera lakutsogolo ndi pamwamba pake padenga pamwamba pake).
  2. Mapangidwe amakono. Choyambirira, ziziyenda zotsogola zimayang'anitsitsa mawonekedwe amthupi, osati mbali yokhayo yamagalimoto.
  3. Chitetezo. Aliyense m'galimoto ayenera kutetezedwa ku zinthu zakunja, kuphatikizapo kugundana ndi mbali.
  4. Kusinthasintha. Zomwe thupi limapangidwira liyenera kupirira nyengo zosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza pa kukongoletsa, utoto umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza zinthu zomwe zimawopa chinyezi champhamvu.
  5. Kukhazikika. Sizachilendo kuti Mlengi azisunga zinthu zakuthupi, ndichifukwa chake galimotoyo imatha kukhala yosagwiritsidwa ntchito patatha zaka zochepa chabe ikugwira ntchito.
  6. Kukhalitsa. Kotero kuti pambuyo pangozi yaying'ono simukuyenera kutaya galimotoyo, kupanga mitundu yamatupi amakono kumatanthauza msonkhano wokhazikika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti gawo lowonongeka lingalowe m'malo mwatsopano lofanana.
  7. Mtengo wotsika mtengo. Ngati thupi limapangidwa ndi zinthu zokwera mtengo, mitundu yambiri yazosavomerezeka imadzipezera m'malo opangira magalimoto. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri osati chifukwa cha kutsika, koma chifukwa chokwera kwamagalimoto.

Kuti mtundu wamtundu ukwaniritse magawo onsewa, opanga amayenera kuganizira mawonekedwe azida zomwe chimango chimapangidwa ndi chimango chakunja.

Kotero kuti kupanga galimoto sikufuna zinthu zambiri, akatswiri amakampani amapanga mitundu yolimbitsa thupi yomwe imalola kuphatikiza ntchito yawo yayikulu ndi ina yowonjezera. Mwachitsanzo, mayunitsi zikuluzikulu ndi mbali mkati amamangiriridwa pa dongosolo galimoto.

Poyamba, mamangidwe amagalimoto anali potengera chimango, momwe zida zina zonse zagalimoto zidamangiriridwa. Mtunduwu ulipobe m'mitundu ina yamagalimoto. Chitsanzo cha izi ndi ma SUV athunthu (ma jeeps ambiri amangokhala ndi thupi lolimbitsa, koma palibe chimango, mtundu uwu wa SUV umatchedwa kusinthana) ndi magalimoto. Pa magalimoto oyamba, gulu lililonse lolumikizidwa ndi chimango limatha kupangidwa osati chitsulo chokha, komanso matabwa.

Mtundu woyamba wokhala ndi mawonekedwe osasunthika onyamula katundu anali Lancia Lambda, yemwe adachoka pamzera mu 1921. Mtundu waku Europe wa Citroen B10, womwe udagulitsidwa mu 1924, udalandira gawo limodzi lazitsulo.

Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa
@Alirezatalischioriginal
Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa
Mankhwala a Citroen B10

Kukula kumeneku kudakhala kotchuka kwambiri kotero kuti ambiri opanga nthawiyo samakonda kusiya lingaliro lanyama yazitsulo zonse. Makinawa anali otetezeka. Makampani ena amakana chitsulo pazifukwa ziwiri. Choyamba, izi sizinali kupezeka m'maiko onse, makamaka pazaka za nkhondo. Kachiwiri, thupi lachitsulo limakhala lolemera kwambiri, kotero ena, kuti apange injini yoyaka yamkati yokhala ndi mphamvu yotsika, yosokonekera pazinthu zolimbitsa thupi.

Pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, chitsulo chinali chosowa padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa chitsulo ichi chidagwiritsidwa ntchito pazofunikira zankhondo. Pofuna kukhalabe pamadzi, makampani ena asankha kupanga matupi awo kuchokera kuzinthu zina. Kotero, m'zaka zimenezo, magalimoto okhala ndi thupi la aluminium anawonekera koyamba. Chitsanzo cha mitundu imeneyi ndi Land Rover 1-Series (thupi limakhala ndi zotengera za aluminiyamu).

Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa

Njira ina ndi matabwa. Chitsanzo cha magalimoto amenewa ndi kusintha kwa Willys Jeep Stations Wagon Woodie.

Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa

Popeza thupi lamatabwa silokhazikika ndipo limafunikira chisamaliro chachikulu, lingaliroli posakhalitsa linasiyidwa, koma za nyumba za aluminiyamu, opanga amaganiza mozama zogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo uwu pakupanga kwamakono. Ngakhale chifukwa chachikulu ndichoperewera kwazitsulo, ichi sichinali chomwe chimayambitsa omwe opanga magalimoto adayamba kufunafuna njira zina.

  1. Kuchokera pamavuto apadziko lonse lapansi, mitundu yambiri yamagalimoto idayenera kuganiziranso ukadaulo wawo wopanga. Choyambirira, omvera omwe amafunikira ma mota amphamvu komanso opepuka adachepa kwambiri chifukwa chamtengo wokwera wamafuta. Oyendetsa galimoto anayamba kufunafuna magalimoto ovuta kwambiri. Ndipo poyendetsa ndi injini yaying'ono kuti ikhale yolimba mokwanira, kuwala, koma nthawi yomweyo zinthu zofunikira mwamphamvu zimafunikira.
  2. Padziko lonse lapansi, popita nthawi, miyezo yazachilengedwe yampweya wamagalimoto yakhala yovuta kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, ukadaulo wayamba kuyambitsidwa kuti uchepetse kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwamafuta, kukonza kuyatsa kwa mafuta osakaniza mpweya ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi. Pachifukwa ichi muyenera kuchepetsa kulemera kwa galimoto yonse.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, zinthu zinapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zingapo, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zichepetse kulemera kwa magalimoto. Tiyeni tiganizire za chinthu chodziwika bwino chazinthu zilizonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matupi amgalimoto.

Chitsulo thupi: zabwino ndi zoyipa

Zinthu zambiri zathupi zamagalimoto amakono zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chokhotakhota. Kukula kwazitsulo m'magawo ena kumafikira mamilimita 2.5. Kuphatikiza apo, ma sheet otsika kaboni amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pagawo loberekera. Chifukwa cha ichi, galimotoyo ndi yopepuka komanso yolimba nthawi yomweyo.

Lero chitsulo sichikusowa. Chitsulo ichi chimakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu, zinthu zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimatha kusindikizidwa, ndipo ziwalozo zimatha kulumikizidwa mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito malo owotcherera. Akatswiri popanga galimoto, akatswiri amayang'anira chitetezo chokha, ndipo akatswiri amakono amakhala osamala pokonza zinthu kuti mtengo wonyamula ukhale wotsika momwe ungathere.

Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa

Ndipo pazitsulo, ntchito yovuta kwambiri ndikusangalatsa onse mainjiniya ndi akatswiri. Poganizira zomwe zikufunidwa, chitsulo chapangidwe chapadera chomwe chimapanga kuphatikiza koyenera ndi mphamvu zokwanira pazogulitsidwa. Izi zimapangitsa kupanga mapangidwe amthupi ndikuwonjezera kudalirika kwa chimango chagalimoto.

Nawa maubwino ena ndi thupi lazitsulo:

  • Kukonza zopangidwa ndi chitsulo ndikosavuta kwambiri - ingogulani chinthu chatsopano, mwachitsanzo, mapiko, ndikuyika m'malo mwake;
  • Ndikosavuta kubwereranso - chitsulo chimatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, motero wopanga amakhala ndi mwayi wopeza zinthu zotsika mtengo;
  • Ukadaulo wopanga zitsulo zokutidwa ndiosavuta kuposa kukonza kwa ma aloyi a kuwala, motero zopangira ndizotsika mtengo.

Ngakhale zabwinozi, zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zimakhala ndi zovuta zingapo:

  1. Zinthu zomalizidwa ndi zolemetsa kwambiri;
  2. Dzimbiri limayamba msanga m'malo osatetezedwa. Ngati chinthucho sichitetezedwa ndi utoto, kuwonongeka kumapangitsa kuti thupi lisagwiritsidwe ntchito;
  3. Kuti chitsulo chikhale cholimba, gawolo liyenera kukhomedwa nthawi zambiri;
  4. Zomwe chuma chazitsulo ndizochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.

Masiku ano, chuma chachitsulo chawonjezeka powonjezerapo zinthu zina zomwe zimapangidwira, zomwe zimawonjezera mphamvu zake, kukana makutidwe ndi okosijeni komanso mawonekedwe apulasitiki (TWIP chitsulo chimatha kufikira 70%, ndipo chizindikiritso chachikulu cha mphamvu yake ndi 1300MPa).

Thupi la Aluminium: zabwino ndi zoyipa

M'mbuyomu, zotayidwa zimangogwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira mapanelo omwe anali omangika pazitsulo. Zochitika zamakono pakupanga zotayidwa zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kugwiritsa ntchito zinthuzo pakupanga chimango.

Ngakhale chitsulo sichingatengeke kwambiri ndi chinyezi kuposa chitsulo, sichikhala ndi mphamvu zochepa komanso kuti chimangokhala cholimba. Pachifukwa ichi, kuti muchepetse kulemera kwa galimoto, chitsulo ichi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitseko, zolongedza katundu, zotchinga. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito zotayidwa mu chimango, wopanga amayenera kukulitsa makulidwe azinthuzo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi mayendedwe osavuta.

Kachulukidwe kasakaniza wazitsulo zotayidwa ndi zochepa kwambiri kuposa chitsulo, kotero kutchinjiriza phokoso m'galimoto ndi thupi chonchi choipa kwambiri. Kuonetsetsa kuti mkati mwa galimoto yotere mulandila phokoso locheperako, wopanga amagwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje apadera ochepetsa phokoso, zomwe zimapangitsa galimoto kukhala yotsika mtengo kuposa njira yofananira ndi thupi lazitsulo.

Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa

Kupanga thupi la aluminium koyambirira ndikofanana ndi njira yopangira zitsulo. Zipangizo zoswedwa zidasweka, kenako zimadindidwa molingana ndi kapangidwe kake. Zigawo zimasonkhanitsidwa pamapangidwe amodzi. Pazifukwa izi ndi kuwotcherera kwa argon komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mitundu yotsika mtengo imagwiritsa ntchito laser spot welding, guluu wapadera kapena ma rivets.

Mikangano mokomera thupi la aluminium:

  • Mapepala ndiosavuta kupondaponda, chifukwa chake popanga mapanelo, zida zopanda mphamvu ndizofunikira kuposa kupondaponda pazitsulo;
  • Poyerekeza ndi matupi azitsulo, mawonekedwe ofanana opangidwa ndi aluminiyamu adzakhala opepuka, pomwe mphamvu imakhalabe pamlingo womwewo;
  • Zigawo zimasinthidwa mosavuta ndikusinthidwa;
  • Zinthuzo ndizolimba kuposa chitsulo - siziopa chinyezi;
  • Mtengo wopangira ndi wotsika poyerekeza ndi mtundu wakale.

Osati onse oyendetsa galimoto amavomereza kugula galimoto yokhala ndi thupi la aluminium. Chifukwa chake ndichakuti ngakhale pangozi yaying'ono, kukonza magalimoto kumakhala kokwera mtengo. Zopangira zokha zimadula kuposa chitsulo, ndipo ngati gawolo liyenera kusinthidwa, mwini galimoto amayenera kufunafuna katswiri yemwe ali ndi zida zapadera zolumikizira zinthu kwambiri.

Thupi la pulasitiki: zabwino ndi zoyipa

Gawo lachiwiri la zaka makumi awiri ndi makumi awiri lidadziwika ndi mawonekedwe apulasitiki. Kutchuka kwa zinthu zotere kumachitika chifukwa choti kapangidwe kalikonse kamatha kupangidwa kuchokera pamenepo, komwe kumakhala kopepuka kuposa aluminiyamu.

Pulasitiki safuna kujambula. Zokwanira kuwonjezera utoto wofunikira kuzinthu zopangira, ndipo malonda amapeza mthunzi womwe ukufunidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, sikuti imazirala ndipo siyenera kupakanso ukakanda. Poyerekeza ndi chitsulo, pulasitiki ndiyolimba kwambiri, sichimachita ndi madzi konse, chifukwa chake sichichita dzimbiri.

Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa
Mtundu wa Hadi uli ndi thupi la pulasitiki

Mtengo wopangira mapepala apulasitiki ndi wotsika kwambiri, chifukwa makina osindikizira amphamvu safunika pakupangira. Zida zotenthedwa ndimadzimadzi, chifukwa momwe mawonekedwe amthupi amatha kukhala amtundu uliwonse, omwe ndi ovuta kukwaniritsa mukamagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo.

Ngakhale maubwino omvekawa, pulasitiki ili ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri - mphamvu yake imakhudzana mwachindunji ndi zochitika. Chifukwa chake, ngati kutentha kwa mpweya wakunja kutsika pansi pa zero, magawo amakhala osalimba. Ngakhale katundu wochepa angapangitse kuti zinthuzo ziphulike kapena kuuluka. Kumbali ina, kutentha kumakwera, kukhathamira kwake kumawonjezeka. Mitundu ina ya mapulasitiki imasokonekera ikatenthedwa padzuwa.

Pazifukwa zina, matupi apulasitiki sagwira ntchito kwenikweni:

  • Zowonongeka ndizobwezerezedwanso, koma izi zimafunikira zida zapadera, zokwera mtengo. Zomwezo zimapanganso makampani opanga mapulasitiki.
  • Mukamapanga zinthu zapulasitiki, mumatulutsa zinthu zambiri zoyipa mumlengalenga;
  • Ziwalo zonyamula katundu za thupi sizingapangidwe ndi pulasitiki, chifukwa ngakhale chidutswa chachikulu sicholimba ngati chitsulo chochepa thupi;
  • Ngati pulasitiki yawonongeka, imatha kusinthidwa mosavuta komanso yatsopano, koma ndiyokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa kuwotcherera chitsulo pachitsulo.

Ngakhale masiku ano pali zochitika zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimathetsa mavuto ambiri omwe adatchulidwa, sizinatheke kuti ukadaulo ukhale wangwiro. Pachifukwa ichi, ma bumpers, zokometsera zokongoletsera, zomangira, ndi mitundu ina yamagalimoto - mapiko amapangidwa makamaka ndi pulasitiki.

Thupi lophatikiza: zabwino ndi zovuta

Gulu limatanthauza zinthu zomwe zili ndi zinthu zopitilira ziwiri. Pakukonzekera zinthu, gulu limakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, chifukwa chake chomaliza chimakhala ndi zinthu ziwiri (kapena kupitilira apo) zomwe zimapanga zopangira.

Nthawi zambiri, chophatikizira chimapezeka ndikulumikiza kapena kusinthana kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, kukulitsa kulimba kwa gawolo, gawo lililonse limalimbikitsidwa kuti zinthuzo zisamasuluke pakugwira ntchito.

Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa
Thupi la monocoque

Gulu lofala kwambiri lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakampani agalimoto ndi fiberglass. Zinthuzo zimapezeka powonjezera chophatikizira polima ku fiberglass. Zinthu zakunja zimapangidwa ndi zinthu ngati izi, monga ma bumpers, ma radiator grilles, nthawi zina ma optics am'mutu (nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi magalasi, ndipo mitundu yopepuka yopangidwa ndi polypropylene). Kukhazikitsa kwa ziwalo zotere kumalola wopanga kuti agwiritse ntchito chitsulo pakupanga ziwalo zothandizira thupi, koma nthawi yomweyo sungani mtunduwo pang'ono.

Kuphatikiza pa maubwino omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, ma polima ali ndi malo oyenera pamsika wamagalimoto pazifukwa izi:

  • Kulemera kochepa kwa ziwalozo, koma nthawi yomweyo ali ndi mphamvu zoyenera;
  • Zomalizidwa sizowopa zovuta za chinyezi ndi dzuwa;
  • Chifukwa cha kukhathamira kwa gawo lazopangira, wopanga amatha kupanga mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyana kwambiri, kuphatikiza zovuta kwambiri;
  • Zinthu zomalizidwa zimawoneka zokongola;
  • Mutha kupanga ziwalo zazikulu za thupi, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale thupi lonse, monga momwe zimachitikira magalimoto anangumi (werengani zambiri za magalimoto otere mu osiyana review).
Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa

Komabe, ukadaulo wopanga sangakhale njira ina yathunthu pachitsulo. Pali zifukwa zingapo izi:

  1. Mtengo wa zowonjezera ma polima ndiwokwera kwambiri;
  2. Mawonekedwe opanga gawo ayenera kukhala angwiro. Kupanda kutero, chinthucho chikhala chonyansa;
  3. Pakukonzekera, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti malo ogwirira ntchito akhale oyera;
  4. Kupanga kwa mapanelo olimba kumawononga nthawi, popeza kuphatikiza kwake kumatenga nthawi yayitali kuti kuume ndipo ziwalo zina za thupi ndizotsalira. Nthawi zambiri matupi olimba amapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu izi. Potchulidwa, dzina lamapiko "monocoque" limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ukadaulo wopanga mitundu yamagulu amtundu umodzi ndi motere. Mpweya wosanjikiza wa kaboni umakutidwa ndi polima Pamwamba pake pamakhala chinsalu china, koma kuti ulusiwo uzikhala kolowera mosiyana, nthawi zambiri mozungulira. Zogulitsazo zikakhala kuti zakonzeka, zimayikidwa mu uvuni wapadera ndikusungidwa kwakanthawi kochepa kwambiri, kuti zinthuzo ziphike ndikuyamba mawonekedwe monolithic;
  5. Gawo logawanika likamawonongeka, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kukonza (chitsanzo cha momwe ma bumpers amakonzedwa) amafotokozedwa apa);
  6. Zigawo zosakanikirana sizibwezerezedwanso, zimangowonongeka.

Chifukwa chokwera mtengo komanso zovuta kupanga, magalimoto wamba amisewu amakhala ndi magawo ochepa opangidwa ndi fiberglass kapena ena ofanana nawo. Nthawi zambiri, zinthu zotere zimayikidwa pa supercar. Chitsanzo cha galimoto yotereyi ndi Ferrari Enzo.

Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa
2002 Ferrari Enzo

Zowona, mitundu ina yapaderadera yazosankha wamba imalandira zambiri kuchokera pagulu. Chitsanzo cha izi ndi BMW M3. Galimoto ili ndi denga la kaboni fiber. Zinthuzo zimakhala ndi mphamvu zofunikira, koma nthawi yomweyo zimakupatsani mwayi wosuntha mphamvu yokoka pafupi ndi nthaka, yomwe imakulitsa mphamvu yolowera m'makona.

Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa

Yankho lina loyambirira pakugwiritsa ntchito zida zopepuka m'thupi la galimoto likuwonetsedwa ndi wopanga sitima yayikulu yotchuka ya Corvette. Pafupifupi theka la zaka, kampaniyo yakhala ikugwiritsa ntchito pachitsulo chachitsulo chomwe chimamangiriridwa pazinthu zingapo.

Thupi la kaboni: zabwino ndi zoyipa

Ndikubwera kwa chinthu china, chitetezo komanso nthawi yomweyo kuunika kwa magalimoto kwafika pamlingo watsopano. M'malo mwake, kaboni ndichinthu chimodzimodzi, zida zatsopano zokha ndizomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wopanga zolimba kuposa kupanga monocoque. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'matupi amitundu yotchuka monga BMW i8 ndi i3. Ngati kaboni idagwiritsidwapo ntchito m'galimoto zina ngati zokongoletsa, ndiye kuti ndi magalimoto oyamba kupanga padziko lapansi, thupi lawo limapangidwa ndi kaboni.

Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa

Mitundu yonseyi ili ndi kapangidwe kofananira: maziko ake ndi nsanja yodziyimira yokha yopangidwa ndi aluminium. Mayunitsi onse ndi makina galimoto ali pa izo. Thupi la magalimoto limakhala ndi magawo awiri, omwe kale ali ndi zambiri zamkati. Amalumikizidwa wina ndi mzake pamsonkhano pogwiritsa ntchito zomangira. Chodziwika bwino cha mitundu iyi ndikuti zimamangidwa mofanana ndi magalimoto oyamba - chimango (chochepa kwambiri momwe zingathere), pomwe ulemu wina wonse umakhazikika.

Zomwe matupi amgalimoto amapangidwa

Pakapangidwe kake, ziwalozo zimalumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito guluu wapadera. Izi zimafanana ndi zida zachitsulo. Ubwino wazinthu zotere ndizolimba kwambiri. Galimoto ikagonjetsa zosayenerera zazikulu, kuuma kwa thupi kumalepheretsa kupunduka.

Ubwino wina wama kaboni fiber ndikuti pamafunika anthu ochepera kuti apange ziwalo, popeza zida zapamwamba kwambiri zimayendetsedwa ndi zamagetsi. Thupi la kaboni limapangidwa kuchokera ku ziwalo zomwe zimapangidwa mosiyanasiyana. Polima wapangidwe wapadera amaponyedwa mu nkhungu mopanikizika kwambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mapanelo akhale olimba kuposa kupaka ulusi pamanja. Kuphatikiza apo, pamafunika ma uvuni ang'onoang'ono kuti aphike zinthu zazing'ono.

Zoyipa zazinthu zotere zimaphatikizapo mtengo wokwera, chifukwa zida zamtengo wapatali zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimafunikira ntchito yabwino kwambiri. Komanso, mtengo wama polima ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa wa aluminium. Ndipo ngati gawolo lathyoledwa, ndiye kuti ndizosatheka kudzikonza nokha.

Nayi kanema yayifupi - chitsanzo cha momwe matupi a kaboni a BMW i8 asonkhanidwira:

Umu ndi momwe BMW i8 yanu imasonkhanitsira. Kusonkhanitsa Galimoto Yanu BMW i8

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Ndi chiyani chomwe chili mu thupi lagalimoto? Thupi la galimotoyo lili ndi: kutsogolo kwa spar, chishango chakutsogolo, mzati wakutsogolo, denga, B-mzati, mzati wakumbuyo, zotchingira, gulu la thunthu ndi hood, pansi.

Kodi gulu lagalimoto limathandizidwa ndi chiyani? Thupi lalikulu ndi danga. Ichi ndi dongosolo lopangidwa ngati khola, lomwe lili mozungulira kuzungulira thupi lonse. Thupi limamangiriridwa ku dongosolo lothandizirali.

Kuwonjezera ndemanga