Mbiri ya Maserati - Nkhani Yagalimoto

La Maserati anali ndi moyo wovuta: mwa iye yekha Zaka 100 moyo udamwalira ndikuukitsidwa kangapo, ngati phoenix, ndipo udakhazikika kwa zaka makumi awiri zokha chifukwa cha Fiat... Tiyeni tifufuze limodzi mbiri Nyumba ya Trident, yomwe idapangidwa kuti ipangitse magalimoto othamanga, ndipo pambuyo pake idakhala chizindikiro chapamwamba "zopangidwa ku Italy".

Maserati, mbiri

La mbiri mtundu wa Emilian umayamba mwalamulo pa Disembala 1, 1914, pomwe abale atatuwa Maserati (Alfieri Wachiwiri, Ernesto ed kukhala wamwano) - kale akugwira ntchito mu gawo la makina - anakhazikitsidwa Bologna msonkhano wogwiritsa ntchito injini Isotta Fraschini e Zakudya... Panthawi ya nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse, Alfieri adapanga chiphaso chatsopano, ndipo kumapeto kwa nkhondoyi, adayang'ana dziko la liwiro pokhazikitsa injini. Hispanic-Swiss pa Isotta Fraschini. Pa galimoto iyi, iye, pamodzi ndi mchimwene wake Ernesto, adapambana Susa-Moncenis kuchokera mu 1921.

Mu 1922, mtundu wa Turin Zakudya adapatsa abale a Maserati utsogoleri wamasewera amtunduwu, ndi Alfieri udindo wa dalaivala wovomerezeka, koma patatha zaka zitatu wopanga Piedmontese adasiya kuthamanga chifukwa cha ngongole. Chifukwa cha thandizo lazachuma la Marquis Diego de Sterlich Maseratis adakwanitsa kupeza 30 chassis ya Diatto XNUMX Sport.

Kupambana koyamba

Yoyamba Maserati Nthawi zonse - Lembani 26 1926 sichina koma chisinthiko Diatto GP 8C turbo okonzeka magalimoto 1.5-silinda eyiti mu mzere 120 hp M'chaka chomwechi, Mario - m'bale wachisanu wa Maserati ndipo yekhayo amene alibe chilakolako cha makina - adapanga logo ya Trident yodziwika bwino, youziridwa ndi logo pa kasupe. Neptune in Piazza Maggiore a Bologna.

Mu 1927, pa mpikisano ku Sicily (Chikho cha Messina), Alfieri ndi amene anachita ngozi yoopsa kwambiri imene anataya impso. Chaka chamawa pakubwera chigonjetso chachikulu choyamba - Chikho cha Etna -zikomo kwa Bacon Borzaccini... Dalaivala wochokera ku Umbria amakhala pansi mu 1929 ku Cremona kuseri kwa gudumu limodzi V4 okonzeka magalimoto ndi masilindala 16, mbiri yothamanga padziko lonse koyambirira kwa 10 km ndipo mu 1930 ipambana kupambana koyamba kwamayiko Trident al Chipatala cha Tripoli.

Imfa ya Alfieri

mu 1932 Alfieri Maserati Amwalira atachitidwa opareshoni, ndipo a Ernesto asiya ntchito yoyendetsa ndege kuti ayang'anire kampaniyo: amayang'ana kwambiri zaukadaulo ndi Ettore ndikusankha mchimwene wake wachinayi Bindo (amakumbukira Isotta Fraschini) Purezidenti. Chaka chotsatira akubwera chigonjetso choyamba - mu France ndi Giuseppe Campari - m'modzi mwa Mayesero akulu ) malo otsiriza. pa 8CM zasintha.

Iwo anali zimbalangondo

1937 ndi chaka chomwe Maserati adagulidwa ndi bizinesi ya Modena. Adolfo Orsi, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro cha mtunduwu kuti ilimbikitse ntchito zake zina. Bindo, Ernesto ndi Ettore, opanda zolemetsa zowongolera, amagawana ntchito mkati mwa kampani: yoyamba imachita ndi gawo lazamalonda, yachiwiri ndi mapangidwe, ndipo yachitatu ndi fakitale. makandulo... Chaka chomwecho Giulio Severi kugonjetsa Targa floro kuchokera ku 6 masentimita: mtundu wa Sicilian udapambana katatu motsatizana ndi Emilian Company ndi Giovanni Rocco ndipo kawiri ndi Luigi Villoresi.

Kupambana kwa Indianapolis

Mu 1939, Orsi anasamuka Maserati kumudzi - Modena - m'gawo la iye, ndipo m'chaka chomwecho Mtengo wa 8CTF (Injini ya 3.0-cylinder eyiti yokhala ndi ma compressor awiri ndi thanki yamafuta yomwe imakhala ngati membala wapakati pa chassis) - galimoto yoyamba yomwe idapangidwa pansi pa kasamalidwe katsopano - imapambana (yoyamba yagalimoto yaku Italy) Indianapolis 500 ndi driver kuchokera ku USA Wilbur Shaw... Kuphatikizana kunatsimikizika mu 1940: palibe injini ina yamtundu wa tricolor yomwe idakwanitsa kupambana mpikisano wapamwamba wa Yankee.

WWII

Pakubuka kwa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, kupanga magalimoto othamangitsa kudayimitsidwa kwakanthawi kuti athandizire kupanga makandulo ndi zinthu zankhondo. Pamapeto pa mkangano, a Adolfo Orsi asiya chidwi ndi mpikisano, koma abale atatu a Maserati akupitilizabe kulakalaka maloto awo othamanga chifukwa cha magalimoto ena obisika ku Milan panthawi ya nkhondoyi. Pakadali pano kuwoloka Nyanja ya Atlantic Louis Nash wapambana magawo awiri ampikisano wothamanga Pikes pachimake (1946 ndi 1947) akuyendetsa galimoto ya Trident.

Yambani kupanga siriyo

La A6 GCS kuyambira 1947 - chidule cha Alfieri, masilinda 6 (magalimoto 2.0 130 malita Maserati yopangidwa ndi abale Bindo, Ernesto ndi Ettore asanachoke pakampani (yomwe ikufuna kuyang'ana pakupanga mitundu) yomwe ipezeke OSCA. Galimoto yoyamba ya Modena yomwe imapezeka kwa anthu wamba ndi A6 1500: yoperekedwa ku Geneva Motor Show chaka chomwecho, idapangidwa Pininfarina ndi kutolera imodzi magalimoto 1.5 mu mzere asanu yamphamvu.

Komabe, kupambana pamasewera kukupitilizabe: mu 1948, Nyumba ya Trident ibwerera kuti ipambane imodzi mwa Mayesero akulu - Monte Carlo ndi Giuseppe Farina ndi 4CLT ndi Silverstone ndi Villoresi ndi 4CLT / 1948 - ndi chaka chamawa Swiss Toulo de Graffenried amapambananso ku dera la Britain.

50's

A 50s adayamba zoyipa Maserati chifukwa cha mikangano yowonjezereka pakati pa Adolfo Orsi ndi antchito ake: oyambitsawa amakhalanso ndi mgwirizano. Ngakhale izi, wopanga wa Modena adatha kutenga nawo gawo pa mpikisano woyamba wapadziko lonse mu 1950. F1 mbiri yake ndipo amatenga podium yoyamba mu mpikisano wachiwiri wanyengo pomwe woyendetsa wochokera ku Monaco Louis Chiron Grand Prix yakunyumba imathera pamalo achitatu.

Mu 1952, mgwirizano womwe umagwira ntchito ku Modena udathetsedwa ndipo mabungwewo adafunsa Orsi kuti abwerere ndikuyendetsa kampaniyo. Analembedwa ntchito ndi dalaivala wabwino kwambiri wazaka zimenezo - wa ku Argentina. Juan Manuel Fangio - zomwe, komabe, sizinayambe mpaka 1953 chifukwa cha ngozi ya F2 (yosweka vertebrae ya khomo lachiberekero) yomwe inamupangitsa kuphonya nyengo yonseyo.

Kupambana koyamba Maserati in F1 ifika ku 1953 Italy Grand Prix chifukwa cha Fangio ndi gulu lake A6 GCM... Chaka chomwecho, Orsi, atapanikizika ndi amuna a alongo ake, akukakamizidwa kugawana kasamalidwe ka makampani ake pakati pa mabanja osiyanasiyana, kusiya izi kwa iye ndi mwana wake wamwamuna. Lobster kuwongolera zokambirana (makina ndi zida zamakina).

La 250F

La 250Fcholinga choti nawo F1 dziko 1954 ndipo okonzeka ndi magalimoto 2.5 240 hp amaonedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwamagalimoto okhalamo anthu abwino kwambiri nthawi zonse. Fangio ali ndi mgwirizano ndi Mercedes koma podikirira kuti galimoto yaku Germany ikonzekere, amafunsa (ndikupeza) mwayi wochita nawo Grand Prix yoyamba pachaka (Argentina ndi Belgium) mgalimoto ya Trident: amapambana zonse ziwiri ndikukhala ngwazi padziko lonse kumapeto zanyengo.

Mu 1956, Briton anali ngwazi yathunthu yamipikisano yama Modenese. Mitsinje ya Sterling Moss: ikukhudza kupambana pa World Championship ku Monte Carlo ndi Monza komanso pamodzi ndi Argentina. Carlos Menditegi akugonjetsa Buenos Aires 300S kupambana koyamba kwa mtunduwo mu mpikisano mu World Championship for Sports Prototypes.

Zopeka 1957

1957 - chaka chabwino kwambiri m'mbiri Maserati: Fangio adakhala mtsogoleri wadziko lonse wa F1 nthawi yachisanu komanso yomaliza pantchito yake ndi kupambana anayi (Argentina, Monte Carlo, France ndi Germany) komanso othamanga awiri mu Grand Prix asanu ndi awiri. Chaka chomwecho, galimoto yoyamba yayikulu ya Trident idatulutsidwa: Zamgululi, mtundu womwe umasintha mtundu wa Modenese kukhala wopanga magalimoto athunthu.

Mavuto

Kuyambira nyenyezi mpaka nsanza: 1958 Adolfo Orsi inadzipeza ili pamavuto chifukwa chakulephera kwa boma la Argentina kulipira mtengo wotumizira makina akupera. Amagulitsa madera angapo, amagulitsa makina azida ku kampani yakunja, ndikupeza boma kasamalidwe koyendetsedwa... Amalipira onse omwe amakhala ndi ngongole, koma amakakamizidwa kuti atseke dipatimenti yothamangitsa: amakwanitsabe kutengera onse omwe amugwirira ntchito kwina, ngakhale ndi olumbira Ferrari.

60's

Zaka za m'ma 60 zidatsegulidwa ndi kupambana kwaposachedwa mu World Sports Prototypes a. Maserati: koma Lembani 61 motsogozedwa ndi USA Anzanu amene akukwera pamwamba pa nsanja Makilomita 1000 kuchokera ku Nurburgring kuyambira 1961 chifukwa cha a Yankees duet mu Masten Grigory e Lloyd Kasner... Chaka chomwecho 3500 GTI, chilankhulo choyamba cha ku Italy kuyambira magalimoto ad jakisoni.

1963 ndi chaka chomwe Mistral ) Zitseko zinayi: yomwe inali sedan yofulumira kwambiri padziko lapansi panthawiyo, idavumbulutsidwa ku Turin Motor Show ndipo idayendetsedwa ndi injini yamphamvu ya 4.1 V8 yokhala ndi 260 hp.ulemu Emilian adakwera liwiro lalikulu la 230 km / h.

Kupambana komaliza Injini ya Maserati in F1 inayamba mu 1967 pamene a ku Mexico Pedro Rodriguez Amapambana South Africa Grand Prix kuyendetsa imodzi mgwirizano... Chaka chomwecho Ghibli, galimoto yoyamba ya Modena yopangidwa ndi Giorgetto Giugiaro: kudzakhala kupambana.

Nthawi ya Citroën

Mu 1968 magawo 60% a Maserati adadutsa Citroen: Orsi akadali Purezidenti Emeritus ndipo Omar akutumikiranso pa Board of Directors yoyang'anira mabungwe azamalonda. Kampani yaku France imagwiritsa ntchito injini za Modenese kupanga mitundu monga SM, pomwe mtundu wa Trident umapeza ukadaulo wina kuchokera kwa wopanga ma transalpine monga kuyimitsidwa kwa hydropneumatic.

Patapita zaka zitatu - nthawi yomweyo ndi kukhazikitsa Chabwino (Mmodzi sakukhudzidwa a injini yapakati wobadwa kuti abe makasitomala ku Lamborghini Miura) - banja zimbalangondo ndithudi amatuluka Maserati koma mu 1973 - chifukwa cha vuto la mafuta - banja Michelin, Mwini Citroën, amagulitsa mtundu waku France Peugeot ndipo eni ake atsopanowo asankha kuthetseratu masewera otchuka a Emilia..

L'era de Tomaso

Chifukwa cha ndalama zaboma kuchokera Kulankhula (Industrial Management and Investment Company) wochita bizinesi waku Argentina Alejandro de Tomaso amapeza gawo lalikulu la maserati: amalipira ngongole za kampaniyo ndipo amasungitsa mitundu yatsopano monga m'badwo wachitatu Zitseko zinayi (1979, kapangidwe ka Giugiaro) ndi biturbo (1981), sedan/coupe ya zitseko ziwiri zodziwika chifukwa cha mtengo wake wotsika mtengo koma kudalirika kokayikitsa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa nthawi. Galimoto - yophatikizidwa Milan m'mafakitale Osalakwa - amapindula bwino kwambiri, koma amakhudza molakwika chithunzi cha chizindikiro.

Kusintha kwa Fiat

mu 1993 Maserati amapita ku gulu la Fiat, lomwe zaka zinayi pambuyo pake limagulitsa magawo 50% a kampaniyo Ferrari. Galimoto yoyamba ya Trident yomangidwa pansi pa kasamalidwe katsopano ndi The Trident. Zamgululi Yopangidwa ndi Giugiaro, idayambitsidwa ku 1998 Paris Motor Show, chaka chimodzi chisanachitike mtundu wa Modenese ku Cavallino.

Mu 2001, Emilian adabwerera kumsika waku US ndi Spyderakuwonetsedwa ku Frankfurt Motor Show: Maserati yoyamba kuyikidwapo Kuthamanga zokhala ndi ma paddile pa chiwongolero, ili ndi mzere wofanana ndi 3200 GT, koma ili ndi matawuni ena achikhalidwe, chassis yokonzanso (wheelbase yayifupi), magalimoto 4.2 Ferrari V8 ndi powertrain Gearbox (kuseri kwa malo okhala ndi masiyanidwe).

Bwererani ku nkhani zothamanga ndi zogulitsa

2003 ndi chaka chofunikira kwambiri Maserati: m'badwo wachisanu Zitseko zinayi (yoyambitsidwa ku Frankfurt) ndiye Trident yoyamba yopangidwa ndi Pininfarina Patatha zaka makumi asanu ndikugonjetsa makasitomala ambiri. Kumbali inayi, mu 2004 tikuwona obwerera kubwerera ku liwiro (patatha zaka 47) ndi MC12: Galimoto yokhala ndi injini ya 6.0 V12 ndi chassis ya monocoque fiber. kaboni, kutenga nawo mbali pa mpikisano Chithunzi cha FIA GT ndipo amapambana chigonjetso choyamba kudera la Germany Oscherleben ndi Chifinishi Mika Salo komanso ndi yathu Andrea Bertolini.

Pakati pa 2005 ndi 2009 padzakhala maudindo anayi oyendetsa ndege (atatu mwa awiriwa omwe ali ndi Bertolini ndi Germany. Michael Bartels ndi imodzi yathu Thomas Biaggi), maudindo awiri omanga (2005 ndi 2007, liti Gran Turismo mangani Pininfarina) ndi mipikisano isanu motsatizana Zambiri... Mu 2010, mndandanda wa FIA GT udasintha dzina kukhala Dziko la GT1 koma zotsatira zake sizinasinthe: Kupambana kwa World Cup kwa Bartels ndi Bertolini komanso kulamulira kwa Vitaphone.

osiyanasiyana Maserati olemera mu 2013 ndi awiri atsopano zokometsera: m'badwo wachisanu ndi chimodzi Quattroporte (woperekedwa ku Detroit) ndi mng'ono wake Ghibli, tsopano pamndandanda wake wachitatu (kwa nthawi yoyamba yokhala ndi zitseko zakumbuyo) ndipo wamangidwa pamalo omwewo afupikitsidwa.